Subcritical water extraction of essential oils and plant oils

Subcritical water extraction is a green technology with interesting advantages in relation to the possibility of processing fresh raw materials to sustainably obtain natural valuable products. The potential of this technology for the aqueous extraction of lipophilic fractions from plant biomass is well known and has recently attracted renewed interest. This review presents an update of the advances on the extraction of two valuable types of lipophilic products, essential oils and vegetal lipids from various plant biomasses. It also emphasizes the effect of process variables as particle size, time, liquid to solid ratio, pressure and temperature as well as the operation tunability to select optimal conditions for different solutes. The optimal operation conditions play a key role to efficiently recover these natural products with potential applications in cosmetic, food, agricultural and pharmaceutical/medical industries

The NALP3/Cryopyrin-Inflammasome Complex is Expressed in LPS-Induced Ocular Inflammation

In the inflammosome complex, NALP3 or NALP1 binds to ASC and activates caspase-1 which induces IL-1β. In murine LPS-induced ocular inflammation, the production of IL-1β is increased. We suggest that NALP3- or NALP1-inflammasome complex can be participating in the LPS-induced ocular inflammation. In this work, eye, brain, testis, heart, spleen, and lung were obtained from C3H/HeN mice treated with LPS for 3 to 48 hours, and the expression of NALP1b, NALP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 was determined. Infiltrated leukocytes producing IL-1β in the anterior chamber were found at 12-hour posttreatment. A high upregulated expression of NALP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 was found at the same time when infiltrated leukocytes were observed. NALP1b was not detected in the eye of treated mice. NALP3 was also overexpressed in heart and lung. These results suggest that NALP3-, but not NALP1-inflammosome complex, is participating in the murine LPS-induced ocular inflammation

Análisis bibliometrico de la análitica de datos en la educación superior mediante los sistemas de administración de aprendizaje

This article provides a bibliometric analysis of the current state of the research of data analytics applied to learning based on the use of ICT in higher education, so aspects of the research landscape of the subject will be known as, authors and more productive countries, analysis of publications, co-citations, cooperation between authors, co-occurrences of keywords and research clusters for the visualization of the conceptual structure of the field of knowledge. The Scopus database was used to search for publications using the selected keywords, giving this search a total of 153 articles. The following keywords were selected: learning analytics, higher education, e-learning, which define the area of knowledge and the fields of action of the subject under investigation. A more thorough review of the investigations is recommended, in order to identify current tools and fields of application.El presente artículo brinda un análisis bibliométrico del estado actual de la investigación de la analítica de datos aplicados al aprendizaje mediada por Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación, con el objetivo de conocer aspectos del panorama de investigación del tema como, autores y países más productivos, análisis de publicaciones, co-citas, cooperación entre autores, coocurrencias de palabras claves y los clústeres de investigación para la visualización de la estructura conceptual del campo de conocimiento. Se utilizó la base de datos Scopus para realizar la búsqueda de publicaciones mediante las palabras claves seleccionadas, arrojando esta búsqueda un total de 153 artículos. Se seleccionaron las palabras claves siguientes: learning analytics, higher education, e-learning, las cuales definen el área de conocimiento y los campos de acción del tema investigado. Se recomienda, una revisión más exhaustiva de las investigaciones, para así poder identificar las herramientas y campos de aplicación actuales

Energy savings measures in compressed air systems

Compressed air is one of the most widely used application energies in the industry, such as good transportability, safety, purity, cleanliness, storage capacity and ease of use. In many countries, compressed air systems account for approximately 10% of the industry’s total electricity consumption. Despite all its advantages, compressed air is expensive, only between 10% and 30% of the energy consumed reaches the point of final use. Energy is lost as heat, leaks, pressure drop, misuse, among others. Energy efficiency measures such as: reducing compressor pressure, lowering air inlet temperature, adequate storage capacity, recovering residual heat from the air compressor and reducing leakage, can produce energy savings between 20% and 60%, with an average return on investment lower than 2 years. This paper analyzes the main energy efficiency measures that can be applied in the CASs, the potential energy savings, implementation costs and return rate of each of them are being calculated giving a necessary tool for companies in their objectives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption

Building inclusive pedagogical practices within the framework of education for all

La pregunta de investigación que guio el presente estudio, buscó identificar cómo potenciar las prácticas educativas incluyentes, en Montebello IED ubicado en la ciudad de Bogotá – Colombia, para minimizar las barreras en el aprendizaje y la participación de la población con discapacidad en el marco de una educación para todos, atendiendo a que una de las problemáticas evidenciadas en las interacciones pedagógicas de los docentes con estudiantes que presentan algún tipo de discapacidad, fue la dificultad en la implementación de estrategias metodológicas y didácticas para responder en forma coherente y pertinente a sus características e individualidades relacionadas con la forma en la que accede al aprendizaje y participa en las actividades escolares. En la investigación participaron veinte docentes, dos orientadores y un directivo del Colegio Montebello IED. La propuesta, corresponde a una investigación cualitativa con enfoque crítico-social, desde la perspectiva de la Investigación Acción Educativa, Elliot, (1993). Para la recolección de información se empleó la técnica de observación participante a lo largo de todo el estudio, a su vez, se emplearon instrumentos como la matriz de análisis de documentos institucionales, encuesta a directivos y docentes. El proceso de discusión e interpretación de esta investigación se fundamentó en la triangulación de la información expuesta por Cisterna, (2005); al realizar el análisis de los datos se encontraron tres categorías iniciales, las cuales hacen alusión a la cultura, política y prácticas, a partir de ellas se hallaron subcategorías y categorías emergentes. Partiendo del estudio se diseñó una estrategia pedagógica, fundamentada en talleres, dirigidos a docentes, para potenciar las prácticas incluyentes en la IED Montebello.Colegio Montebello. I. E. D.Magíster en Educación Inclusiva e InterculturalMaestríaThe research question that guided the present study, sought to identify how to promote inclusive educational practices, in the Montebello IED school located in the city of Bogotá - Colombia, to minimize barriers to learning and the participation of the population with disabilities in the framework of one for all, taking into account that one of the problems evidenced in the pedagogical interactions of teachers with students who present some type of disability education, was the difficulty in the implementation of methodological and didactic strategies to respond in a coherent and pertinent manner to their characteristics and individualities related to the way in which they access learning and participate in school activities. Twenty teachers, two counselors and a director of the Montebello IED School participated in the research. The proposal corresponds to a qualitative research with a critical-social approach, from the perspective of Educational Action Research, Elliot, (1993). For the collection of information, the participant observation technique was used throughout the study, in turn, instruments such as the analysis matrix of institutional documents, survey of managers and teachers were used. The process of discussion and interpretation of this research was based on the triangulation of the information exposed by Cisterna, (2005); When carrying out the analysis of the data, three initial categories were found, which allude to culture, politics and practices, from which subcategories and emerging categories were found. Based on the study, a pedagogical strategy was designed, based on workshops, aimed at teachers, to promote inclusive practices in the IED Montebello

Targeting antitumoral proteins to breast cancer by local administration of functional inclusion bodies

Biofabrication; Cancer therapy; Functional amyloidsBiofabricación; Terapia contra el cáncer; Amiloides funcionalesBiofabricació; Teràpia contra el càncer; Amiloides funcionalsTwo structurally and functionally unrelated proteins, namely Omomyc and p31, are engineered as CD44-targeted inclusion bodies produced in recombinant bacteria. In this unusual particulate form, both types of protein materials selectively penetrate and kill CD44+ tumor cells in culture, and upon local administration, promote destruction of tumoral tissue in orthotropic mouse models of human breast cancer. These findings support the concept of bacterial inclusion bodies as versatile protein materials suitable for application in chronic diseases that, like cancer, can benefit from a local slow release of therapeutic proteins.This study has been supported by La Fundacio Marato TV3 and NanoCanTri (CIBER-BBN) to E.V. and I.A., and partially by ISCIII (PI15/00272 and PI1702242 co-founded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), to E.V. and S.S., respectively), and Agencia Estatal de Investigacion (AEI) and FEDER (BIO2016-76063-R, AEI/FEDER, UE), AGAUR (2017SGR-229) and CIBER-BBN (VENOM4CANCER) granted to A.V. Protein production and DLS have been partially performed by the ICTS "NANBIOSIS," more specifically by the Protein Production Platform of CIBER-BBN/IBB () and the Biomaterial Processing and Nanostructuring Unit (), respectively. Biodistribution and immunohistochemistry assays were performed at the ICTS "NANBIOSIS," specifically by U20/FVPR (). L.S.-G. was supported by predoctoral fellowship from AGAUR (2018FI_B2_00051). L.S. was supported by the European Research Council (CoG #617473) and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS #PI16/01224). J.S.-F. was supported by an AECC post-doctoral fellowship. A.V. received an ICREA ACADEMIA awar

Aplicabilidad de la plataforma Moodle para la enseñanza y aprendizaje de las ciencias morfológicas en tiempos de pandemia por covid-19

Introducción/ El diseño de un programa donde el estudiante vincule el conocimiento que adquiere por medio del empleo de entornos virtuales de enseñanza y aprendizaje con fines educativos, facilita la comunicación pedagógica entre los participantes en el proceso docente educativo; ya sea a distancia, semipresencial, presencial o de naturaleza mixta. Las condiciones impuestas por las medidas adoptadas durante la pandemia de la COVID-19, conllevó a cambiar las actividades docentes prácticas presenciales a una implementación especial virtualizada utilizando para ello la plataforma MOODLE. Objetivo/ Aplicar el uso de la plataforma MOODLE para la elaboración y desarrollo de las clases prácticas virtuales en la asignatura Célula, Tejidos y Sistema Tegumentario en la educación médica.Facultad de Odontologí

Standardization in laboratory medicine: Two years’ experience from category 1 EQA programs in Spain

Introduction: Standardization is the ability to obtain interchangeable results leading to same medical interpretation. External quality assessment (EQA) is the main support of the on-going harmonization initiatives. Aim of study was to evaluate results obtained from two years category 1 EQA program experience in Spain and determine the impact of applying this type of EQA program on the analytical standardization. Materials and methods: According to the analytical method, traceability and instrument different groups were established which results were evaluated by calculating mean, coefficient of variation and percent of deviation to the reference value. Analytical performance specifications used to the results\u27 evaluation were derived from biological variation for bias and from the inter-laboratory coefficients of variation found in a previous pilot study. Results: Only creatinine measured by enzymatic methods gave excellent results, although few laboratories used this method. Creatine kinase and GGT gave good precision and bias in all, but one instrument studied. For the remaining analytes (ALT, ALP, AST, bilirubin, calcium, chloride, glucose, magnesium, potassium, sodium, total protein and urate) some improvement is still necessary to achieve satisfactory standardization in our setting. Conclusions: The two years of category 1 EQA program experience in Spain have manifested a lack of standardization of 17 most frequent biochemistry tests used in our laboratories. The impact of the information obtained on the lack of standardization is to recommend abandoning methods such as ALT, AST without exogenous pyridoxal phosphate, Jaffe method for creatinine, and do not use non-commutable calibrators, such as aqueous solutions for calcium and sodium