Gender Wage Differentials in the Portuguese Labor Market

We use data from staff logs (Quadros de Pessoal) to discuss different procedures to decompose gender wage differential and examine the reasons underlying the evolution of the gender wage gap for the period 1985-1997 in the Portuguese labor market. Our results show that, for the first period, the increase of changes in the wage gap is mostly due to the increase in wage discrimination by means of the males´ wage advantage and of the females´ wage disadvantage. Growing inequality within gender groups, namely the rapid increase in educational attainment of women, and their probable overqualification in many jobs, may explain these results. Furthermore, the process of integration in the European Community responsible for deep changes in the economy, has also to be taken into account. The impact of the above facts was more moderate in the period 1991-1997, explaining the decrease of changes in the gender wage gap and the lower dispersion of the different components contribution to the relative wage gap.Labor market discrimination; Wage composition

Education and Gender Wage Differentials in Portugal: What Can We Learn From an Age Cohort Analysis?

Deep changes characterize the evolution of the Portuguese labor market concerning the average schooling of workers, particularly since the 1980s. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the consequences of those changes in the gender wage gap. In particular, we analyze and compare the way that this process has evolved in the groups of young workers and older workers. Our findings suggest that the major part of the pay gap refers to employer discrimination practices for both age group cohorts: in the case of the younger workers, discrimination plays an increasing role in explaining the wage gap whereas for the older workers discrimination remains stable overtime. Furthermore, the attributes related to the characteristics of jobs are the major sources of the explained pay gap. In particular, the different way men and women are distributed among the sectors of industry is the main reason of the gap for both cohorts.Labor market; discrimination; salary wage differentials

The Gender Wage Gap in Portugal: Recent Evolution and Decomposition

Using data from the Personnel Records (Quadros de Pessoal) for the period 1985-2000, we analyse the gender wage gap in Portugal. We estimate wage discrimination and endowment differentials using four decomposition methods. Our main concern is to analyse the key factors that lie behind the persistent gender pay gap despite the deep changes that characterise the recent evolution of the Portuguese labour market and the high female participation rate that exists in the country. Moreover, using the Neumark methodology, we discuss the relative contribution of different factors in explaining the gender pay gap. The results suggest that, in accordance with previous international research, the measured discrimination differential dominates the estimated endowment differential. Over time, a relevant discrimination gap persisted and it didn’t show any tendency to decrease. Results are also consistent in showing that the most important difference in attributes to explain the gender pay gap is the way how males and females are distributed by sector of industry. As to human capital variables, their relative importance to the explanation of the gender pay gap has reduced sharply, particularly along the 90’s.Labour market; discrimination; wage differential; gender

60° ANIVERSARIO DE LA UAEM Y 20° ANIVERSARIO DEL CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO UAEM VALLE DE MÉXICO. LA IMPORTANCIA DE SU CREACIÓN.

Los festejos de aniversario por la creación de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México (UAEM) siempre han sido muy significativos en la ciudad de Toluca, donde se concentra la mayor parte de la comunidad universitaria, y el 60 Aniversario resulta ser muy especial, debido al enorme impulso que la administración del Rector Jorge Olvera García ha dado a la identidad y a la internacionalización de la UAEM; coincide con el 20 Aniversario del Centro Universitario UAEM Valle de Mèxico (CU UAEM VM), y ambos nos recuerdan que su comunidad pertenece a una gran institución orgullosamente pública. Resulta muy importante la celebración en cada uno de los organismos, facultades, centros universitarios y unidades académicas profesionales que conforman la UAEM, para que toda la población mexiquense perciba el resplandor de su “Enjambre de lumbre”

Consequences in the developing cranial deformities

A partir de la campaña de prevención de la muerte súbita en los lactantes, han aumentado los casos documentados de deformidades craneales, sin una etiología clara y con unas consecuencias por determinar. La falta de expansión del encéfalo en determinadas partes del cráneo puede llevar acompañado falta de desarrollo psicomotor del infante. En esta investigación a partir de una muestra de la población de Burgos, se han llevado a cabo mediciones con la escala de desarrollo Brunet- Lezine, en las cuatro áreas de la escala y en la global. Los resultados muestran un retraso en el desarrollo psicomotor que se va atenuando con la edad.From the campaign of prevention of sudden death in infants, have increased the documented cases of cranial deformities, without a clear etiology and consequences to be determined. The lack of expansion of the brain in certain parts of the skull may be accompanied by lack of psychomotor development of the infant. In this research from a sample of the population of Burgos, is carried out measurements with the scale of development Brunet-Lezine, in the four areas of the scale and the global. The results show a delay in psychomotor development which is attenuating with age

Narrar lo imposible. La crónica indiana desde sus márgenes [Reseña]

Reseña de: José Manuel Camacho Delgado. Narrar lo imposible. La crónica indiana desde sus márgenes. Madrid: Verbum, 201