Estudio de los aspectos económicos y ambientales del manejo de los residuos de construcción generados en el proyecto Senderos ubicado en el Municipio de Tocancipá

Trabajo de investigaciónEscombros son todos aquellos residuos sólidos sobrantes dentro de una construcción, derivada de la realización de obras civiles como construcción y demolición de viviendas, carreteras, autopistas, bodegas entre otros. Este estudio está enfocado en el proyecto Senderos de Tocancipá, en cual se pretende analizar de forma cuantitativa los aspectos económicos y cualitativos los aspectos de acumulación de escombros a medida que aumentan los procesos de construcción junto con el impacto ambiental (consecuencia social y flora y fauna).RESUMEN ABSTRACT INTRODUCCIÓN 1. GENERALIDADES DEL TRABAJO DE GRADO 2. MARCOS DE REFERENCIA 3. ESTADO DEL ARTE 4. DATOS ESTADÍSTICOS 5. METODOLOGÍA 6. IDENTIFICACIÓN DE FUENTES GENERADORAS DE RESIDUOS 7. IDENTIFICAR LOS IMPACTOS AMBIENTALES QUE GENERAN LOS RESIDUOS DE CONSTRUCCIÓN EN EL PROYECTO SENDEROS DE TOCANCIPÁ 8. ANÁLISIS DE LOS RESULTADOS 9. PROPUESTA DE ALTERNATIVA CONCLUSIONES RECOMENDACIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍA ANEXOSEspecializaciónEspecialista en Gerencia de Obras Civile

Isomerización de m-xileno sobre MCM-48 impregnada con ácido tungstenofosfórico

The m-xylene isomerization was studied on mesoporous catalyst type MCM-48, which was impregnated with tungstophosphoric acid. The synthesis was carried out hydrothermally at 423 K, using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMABr) as the structural directing agent. The catalysts were prepared with different percentage of tungstophosphoric acid (15, 20, 25, 30 y 40 wt. %) in methanol under stirring. The solids were characterized by XRD, nitrogen adsorcion, TPD-NH3, SEM and FTIR. The tungstophosphoric acid was found highly dispersed inside the pores of the mesoporous material; however, the acid presence inside the pores reduced markedly the surface area, pore volume and to a less extent the diameter. The catalysts were active in the m-xylene trans-formation to p- and o-xylene and trimethylbencenes. The catalyst prepared with 30 wt. % of tungsto-phosphoric acid resulted the most active, due to its higher number of active acid sites accessibles to the reacting molecules and to their higher activity per site. The catalysts were selective to isomerization reaction and to p-xylene

Temas Socio-Jurídicos. Volumen 10 No. 24 Mayo 1991

Temas sociojurídicos, llega a la edición número 24, presentando a la comunidad universitaria el írabajo de los profesores de la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Auifónoma de Bucaramanga y de distinguidos conferencistas, invitados a eventos académicos realizados enesta casa de esfudios. La profesora Luz Teresa Gómez de Mantilla, en desarrollo del Seminario de iInvestigación organizado porel Centro de Investigaciones, dísertó sobre el Método y Técnicas en Ciencias Sociales, trabajo de gran utilidad para los investigadores universitarios. El profesor Roberto Serpa Flórez, escribe Sobre violencia; agresióny terrorismo, cuyas reflexiones sobre el fenómeno en Colombia, le permiten bucear en torno alos factores históricos y Culturales que la generan.Socio-legal issues, reaches the 24th edition, presenting to the university community the work of the professors of the Law School of the Bucaramanga Autonomous University and of distinguished lecturers, invited to academic events held in this house of studies. Professor Luz Teresa Gómez de Mantilla, during the iResearch Seminar organized by the Research Center, gave a lecture on Methods and Techniques in Social Sciences, a very useful work for university researchers. Professor Roberto Serpa Flórez writes About violence; aggression and terrorism, whose reflections on the phenomenon in Colombia, allow him to dive around the historical and cultural factors that generate it

The Caldera. No. 18

En las tres primeras semanas de agosto, concretamente los días 4, 14 y 18, nuestra querida Institución, recibió 132 jóvenes oradores, de quince Colegios de Bucaramanga y del área metropolitana, interesados en participar en la segunda versión del Concurso de Oratoria; el área de Lengua Castellana quiere resaltar la, cada vez más positiva, acogida a este magno evento, cuyo objetivo central se enfoca en posibilitar un espacio significativo para los jóvenes educandos de los grados noveno, décimo y undécimo, con el fin de poner en práctica sus habilidades comunicativas, el planteamiento de sus ideas y el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico, a través de la palabra; este año los discursos se centraron en la relación que los jóvenes pueden establecer entre paz, literatura y medios de comunicación; es interesante y gratificante ver cómo los jóvenes, aceptaron este reto y, para las eliminatorias de este año, se presentaron casi el triple de los participantes del año anterior (47, asistieron en el año 2014); se seleccionaron 17 finalistas, que se disputaron los tres primeros lugares en la gran final, el 28 de Agosto, en el marco de Ulibro 2015. Este año el primer lugar fue para la oradora del Colegio San Pedro, la estudiante Andrea Juliana Sepúlveda, de noveno grado, quien descolló entre los participantes.Trabajo por proyectos en el Instituto Caldas; Por: Gisela Afanador Díaz…04 Por: Gisela Afanador Díaz; Por: Juliana García Pérez…09 Reloj Solar 2015; Por: Silvia Peñuela Suárez…11 II Concurso Inter Colegiado de Oratoria; Por: Camila Briceño…12 Expresiones Caldistas…15 Primer Encuentro Inter Colegiado por la Convivencia Pacífica; Por: Carlos Alirio Castillo Portilla…27 Galería de Imágenes…28In the first three weeks of August, specifically on the 4th, 14th and 18th, our beloved Institution received 132 young speakers, from fifteen schools in Bucaramanga and the metropolitan area, interested in participating in the second version of the Speech Contest; The area of ​​Spanish Language wants to highlight the increasingly positive reception of this great event, whose central objective is focused on providing a meaningful space for young students of the ninth, tenth and eleventh grades, in order to put into practice their communication skills, the approach of their ideas and the development of critical thinking, through the word; This year the speeches focused on the relationship that young people can establish between peace, literature and the media; It is interesting and gratifying to see how the young people accepted this challenge and, for this year's qualifying rounds, almost three times the number of participants from the previous year showed up (47, attended in 2014); 17 finalists were selected, who competed for the first three places in the grand final, on August 28, within the framework of Ulibro 2015. This year the first place went to the speaker from Colegio San Pedro, student Andrea Juliana Sepúlveda, from ninth grade, who stood out among the participants

The Caldera. No. 21

Las huellas que deja el tiempo… Los años siempre dejan su huella… El inexorable paso del tiempo… Son algunas de las expresiones que utilizamos, popularmente, para referirnos a cómo cada almanaque vivido, cómo cada instante que pasa deja sus marcas, sus rastros, sus huellas. En el período Barroco, el hombre cayó en un estado de pesadez existencial, no sólo a nivel económico, político y social, sino que se constituyó en una época que lo sumergió en una crisis existencial; el hombre barroco, descubrió y escribió con horror, sobre la efímera condición de la especie humana. Pero no sólo el hombre del Barroco se ha inquietado con el finito y definitivo paso del hombre por la tierra, también civilizaciones como la Griega, la Romana, la Egipcia, y más cercanas a nosotros, los Incas, los Mayas y los Aztecas, le han rendido culto al paso del tiempo, incluso, crearon sus propias maneras de registrarlo, sus propios calendarios y llevaban un registro de lo que iban viviendo. Yo me atrevo a decir que la dificultad no radica en las marcas físicas que deja el ineludible, el inevitable paso del tiempo; me atrevo a afirmar que el problema es el no dejar huellas positivas, en no dejar ningún rastro loable, ni marca agradable “ninguna estela en el mar”, en palabras de Machado, en nada, ni en nadie.Una obra para la posteridad; Por Matías Gómez Buitrago…06 Dr. Jorge Reynolds Pombo: Orgullo Colombiano; Por Carlos Rodríguez Blanco…10 Ética y moral: Fundamentos de un CALDISTA; Por Andrés David Rojas…14 Nuestra RECTORA; Por Valentina Manrique y Luisa Navarro…18 Líderes Caldistas 2017…24 Lectura: PROCESO FUNDAMENTAL En el Instituto Caldas…36 Instituto CALDAS: 65 AÑOS; Por Carlos Alirio Castillo y Saula Nayibe Figueroa…42 Eventos Conmemoración: 65 años…58 Interclases 2017…62 Nuevos laboratorios…66 Expresiones Caldistas…68 Galería de Imágenes…96 Nuestros MAESTROS…104The traces that time leaves ... The years always leave their mark ... The inexorable passage of time ... These are some of the expressions that we use, popularly, to refer to how each lived almanac, how each passing moment leaves its marks, its traces, her footprints. In the Baroque period, man fell into a state of existential heaviness, not only at the economic, political and social level, but was constituted at a time that plunged him into an existential crisis; the baroque man, discovered and wrote with horror, on the ephemeral condition of the human species. But not only the man of the Baroque has been concerned with the finite and definitive passage of man on earth, also civilizations such as the Greek, the Roman, the Egyptian, and closer to us, the Incas, the Mayas and the Aztecs, They have worshiped the passage of time, even created their own ways of recording it, their own calendars and kept a record of what they were living. I dare say that the difficulty does not lie in the physical marks left by the inescapable, the inevitable passage of time; I dare to affirm that the problem is not to leave positive traces, in not leaving any praiseworthy trace, nor a pleasant mark "no wake in the sea", in the words of Machado, on anything, or on anyone

A mi ciudad nativa

Bello poblado de Real de Minas Haz ya perdido el parroquial encanto De las veladas de Martínez Mutis En los rediles de los jesuítas.Beautiful town of Real de Minas You have already lost the parochial charm Of the evenings of Martínez Mutis In the sheepfolds of the Jesuits

Isomerización de m-xileno sobre MCM-48 impregnada con ácido tungstenofosfórico

La isomerización de m-xileno fue estudiada sobre catalizadores mesoporosos del tipo MCM-48 impregnados con ácido tungstenofosfórico. El material mesoporoso fue sintetizado hidrotérmicamente a 423 K utilizando bromuro de cetil-trimetil-amonio (CTMABr) como agente estructural. Los catalizadores fueron preparados con diferentes porcentajes de ácido tungstenofosfórico (15, 20, 25, 30 y 40% p/p) en metanol bajo agitación. Los sólidos fueron caracterizados mediante DRX, Adsorción de Nitrógeno, TPD-NH3, SEM y FTIR. Se encontró que el heteropoliácido se encuentra altamente disperso en el interior de los poros del material mesoporoso; sin embargo, la presencia del heteropoliácido en el interior de los poros reduce de manera significativa el área superficial, el volumen de poro y en menor grado el diámetro de poro. Todos los catalizadores fueron activos en la transformación de m-xileno a p-, o-xileno y trimetilbencenos. El catalizador preparado con 30% de ácido tungstenofosfórico fue el más activo, debido al elevado número de sitios activos accesibles al sustrato y una mayor actividad por sitio. Los catalizadores fueron selectivos a isomerización y a [email protected]@ula.vecuatrimestreThe m-xylene isomerization was studied on mesoporous catalyst type MCM-48, which was impregnated with tungstophosphoric acid. The synthesis was carried out hydrothermally at 423 K, using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMABr) as the structural directing agent. The catalysts were prepared with different percentage of tungstophosphoric acid (15, 20, 25, 30 y 40 wt. %) in methanol under stirring. The solids were characterized by XRD, nitrogen adsorcion, TPD-NH3, SEM and FTIR. The tungstophosphoric acid was found highly dispersed inside the pores of the mesoporous material; however, the acid presence inside the pores reduced markedly the surface area, pore volume and to a less extent the diameter. The catalysts were active in the m-xylene trans-formation to p- and o-xylene and trimethylbencenes. The catalyst prepared with 30 wt. % of tungsto-phosphoric acid resulted the most active, due to its higher number of active acid sites accessibles to the reacting molecules and to their higher activity per site. The catalysts were selective to isomerization reaction and to p-xylene

XVII International Congress of Control Electronics and Telecommunications: "Advanced Science, Technology and Innovation to move towards a new socio-technical system: Sustainable Social Transformation"

Contenido: Approach to the diagnostic of cesarean birth using bio-inspired models. ; Design of a tool in a virtual reality environment to manipulate anatomical models. ; The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on the electricity price forecasting models. ; Depression prevention through artificial intelligence. ; State of the art in Prototypes as complements to the learning of the Colombian Sign Language (LSC). ; A computational proposal for gene expression deterministic analysis in associated disorders to depression and anxiety. ; Evaluation of postural stability from the predictability of the measurement of the center of pressure. ; Psychophysiological Analysis of Sound Stimuli.; Delphi method for the identification of relevant variables in the development of low-power photovoltaic solar projects. ; Socioeconomic impact of a refrigerator powered by a photovoltaic system in La Guajira. ; Energy Efficiency: characteristics that allow the reduction of greenhouse gases in. ; Possibilities for the implementation of a bioreactor from organic waste. ; Energy Potential with Small Hydroelectric Power Plants in Non- interconnected Zones of Colombia. ; Energy Potential in Photovoltaic Solar Solutions in Non-Interconnected Areas of Colombia. ; Photovoltaic system, towards the energy transition from home. ; Blockchain model to increase the transparency of public sector processes. ; Intelligent agricultural irrigation prescription system based on sensor networks and crop modeling. ; Design and implementation of a digital modulation classification system using intelligent algorithms. ; A mobile application proposal to minimize intermediation during agricultural process distribution of products in supply chain. ; Accompanying strategy for the social appropriation of new technologies in vulnerable agricultural communities: case in communities producing Gulupas fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims). ; Predictive model of transparency as an indicator of Public Policies. ; Smart system for recognition of ripening level in blackberry fruits. ; Project-based learning as an alternative methodology for technological education in electronics. ; Design and construction of an automated system for N. ; Four bar mechanisms (FBM) and their Software-Based applications: a reviewFT aquaponic culture of Red Carp and Crespa Lettuce. ; Intelligent search implementation for the construction of states of the art: a python application. ; Indoor and Outdoor propagation models on 5G environments: state of the art. ;The electronic detection of offenders (DOO) in the District Secretary of mobility of Bogotá: a step forward in the configuration of the concept of digital citizenship in Colombia. ; Monitoring through ICT of Mobility: technological collaborative feature to incorporate IoT in a Smart City. ; Characterization model of asphalt mixtures using digital image processing. ; Review: identification of diseases and/or pests in fruit trees through image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. ; VRS applicated to Nasa Yuwe language. ; Application of Pix2Pix for edge reconstruction in images. ; Brushless DC Motor Control System for Active Myoelectric Prosthesis. ; Implementation of a Water Conductivity Measuring System. ; 2 DOF robot programmed with MatLab® (guide and Peter Corke) and Arduino uno for writing alphabetical characters. ; Simulator of the behavior of the center of mass in a quadruped robot. ; Biomimetic prototype for flapping movement of batsContent: Contenido: Approach to the diagnostic of cesarean birth using bio-inspired models. ; Design of a tool in a virtual reality environment to manipulate anatomical models. ; The effect of COVID-19 restrictions on the electricity price forecasting models. ; Depression prevention through artificial intelligence. ; State of the art in Prototypes as complements to the learning of the Colombian Sign Language (LSC). ; A computational proposal for gene expression deterministic analysis in associated disorders to depression and anxiety. ; Evaluation of postural stability from the predictability of the measurement of the center of pressure. ; Psychophysiological Analysis of Sound Stimuli.; Delphi method for the identification of relevant variables in the development of low-power photovoltaic solar projects. ; Socioeconomic impact of a refrigerator powered by a photovoltaic system in La Guajira. ; Energy Efficiency: characteristics that allow the reduction of greenhouse gases in. ; Possibilities for the implementation of a bioreactor from organic waste. ; Energy Potential with Small Hydroelectric Power Plants in Non- interconnected Zones of Colombia. ; Energy Potential in Photovoltaic Solar Solutions in Non-Interconnected Areas of Colombia. ; Photovoltaic system, towards the energy transition from home. ; Blockchain model to increase the transparency of public sector processes. ; Intelligent agricultural irrigation prescription system based on sensor networks and crop modeling. ; Design and implementation of a digital modulation classification system using intelligent algorithms. ; A mobile application proposal to minimize intermediation during agricultural process distribution of products in supply chain. ; Accompanying strategy for the social appropriation of new technologies in vulnerable agricultural communities: case in communities producing Gulupas fruits (Passiflora edulis Sims). ; Predictive model of transparency as an indicator of Public Policies. ; Smart system for recognition of ripening level in blackberry fruits. ; Project-based learning as an alternative methodology for technological education in electronics. ; Design and construction of an automated system for N. ; Four bar mechanisms (FBM) and their Software-Based applications: a reviewFT aquaponic culture of Red Carp and Crespa Lettuce. ; Intelligent search implementation for the construction of states of the art: a python application. ; Indoor and Outdoor propagation models on 5G environments: state of the art. ;The electronic detection of offenders (DOO) in the District Secretary of mobility of Bogotá: a step forward in the configuration of the concept of digital citizenship in Colombia. ; Monitoring through ICT of Mobility: technological collaborative feature to incorporate IoT in a Smart City. ; Characterization model of asphalt mixtures using digital image processing. ; Review: identification of diseases and/or pests in fruit trees through image processing techniques and artificial intelligence. ; VRS applicated to Nasa Yuwe language. ; Application of Pix2Pix for edge reconstruction in images. ; Brushless DC Motor Control System for Active Myoelectric Prosthesis. ; Implementation of a Water Conductivity Measuring System. ; 2 DOF robot programmed with MatLab® (guide and Peter Corke) and Arduino uno for writing alphabetical characters. ; Simulator of the behavior of the center of mass in a quadruped robot. ; Biomimetic prototype for flapping movement of bat