Sharp-Interface Limit of a Fluctuating Phase-Field Model

We present a derivation of the sharp-interface limit of a generic fluctuating phase-field model for solidification. As a main result, we obtain a sharp-interface projection which presents noise terms in both the diffusion equation and in the moving boundary conditions. The presented procedure does not rely on the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, and can therefore be applied to account for both internal and external fluctuations in either variational or non-variational phase-field formulations. In particular, it can be used to introduce thermodynamical fluctuations in non-variational formulations of the phase-field model, which permit to reach better computational efficiency and provide more flexibility for describing some features of specific physical situations. This opens the possibility of performing quantitative phase-field simulations in crystal growth while accounting for the proper fluctuations of the system.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Inmunotoxicidad inducida por cianotoxinas: microcistinas y cilindrospermopsina

Las cianobacterias son bacterias Gram negativas fotosintéticas capaces de producir floraciones a nivel mundial. Estas cianobacterias pueden producir también cianotoxinas perjudiciales para la salud de humanos, animales y plantas, y pueden actuar como hepatotoxinas, citotoxinas, neurotoxinas o dermatotoxinas. Las cianotoxinas de mayor in terés son las microcistinas (MC) y la cilindrospermopsina (CYN) por su extensa distribución y toxicidad. Aunque se conoce que principalmente las MC son hepatotóxica s y la CYN citotóxica , se ha observado que pueden producir alteraciones en otros órganos y s istemas, de los cuales el sistema inmune está aún escasamente estudiado. La presente revisión tiene, por tanto, como objetivo poner de manifiesto en modelos experimentales tanto in vitro como in vivo las alteraciones que se producen en el sistema inmune tr as la exposición a estas cianotoxinas y la importancia que ello tiene en la respuesta inmunitaria. Tras la realización de una búsqueda bibliográfica se seleccionaron veintitrés y siete artículos relacionados con la inmunotoxicidad de MC y CYN, respectivame nte. En ellos se evidencia el efecto de las MC sobre la proliferación de los linfocitos y la expresión de múltiples citoquinas, entre otros. Así mismo, se ha observado el efecto de la CYN sobre la viabilidad y capacidad de los linfocitos a pesar de que los estudios de inmunotoxicidad sobre ésta sean escasos. Por tanto, ambas cianotoxinas presentan potencial inmunotóxico que debería ser estudiado en mayor profundidad, especialmente en el caso de la CYN.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Farmaci

Low-Coherence Interferometry Using Microwave Photonics for Multilayered Samples

[EN] A photonic structure is proposed by exploiting the advantages of the Microwave Photonics technology over conventional low coherence interferometry. The proposed scheme is based in the analysis of the interference pattern of an incoherent optical signal which is amplitude modulated and transmitted through a dispersive element. The strategic allocation of an interferometric structure combined with balanced photodetection are used to improve the system performance compared to the previous proposals. To the best of our knowledge, an exhaustive theoretical analysis and an experimental demonstration of the structure for multilayered samples are provided in this paper.This work was supported in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia under Project TEC2014-60378 and in part by the Generalitat Valenciana under the regional Project PROMETEO 2017/103 TECNOLOGIAS Y APLICACIONES FUTURAS DE LA FOTONICA DE MICROONDAS.Benítez-González, J.; Mora Almerich, J. (2018). Low-Coherence Interferometry Using Microwave Photonics for Multilayered Samples. Journal of Lightwave Technology. 36(19):4611-4617. https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2018.282709846114617361

Advanced RF Interferometry Structure for Improving Operation Range

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permissíon from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertisíng or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.[EN] In this letter, a novel structure combining low coherence interferometry (LCI) and microwave photonics (MWP) is proposed. In this case, the electro-optic modulator is strategically placed inside the interferometric structure in order to modify the behavior of the whole MWP-LCI system. Specifically, limiting effects which are inherently generated as the DC term, the self-reflection term and the carrier suppression effect are avoided. This fact enables the improvement of the MWP-LCI operating range in comparison to previous proposals. Moreover, a detailed description of the MWP-LCI structure is addressed in this letter to support the corresponding experimental demonstration and theoretical development. In addition, typical LCI capabilities such as penetration depth, resolution, and sensitivity are also measured. For the MWP-LCI structure proposed here, a 1 cm penetration depth with a resolution of 120 mu m and a sensitivity beyond 50 dB are achieved.This work was supported in part by the National Project TEC2014-60378 through the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia and in part by the Regional Project PROMETEO FASE II/2013/012 through the Generalitat Valenciana. (Corresponding author: J. Mora.)Benítez-González, J.; Mora Almerich, J. (2018). Advanced RF Interferometry Structure for Improving Operation Range. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. 30(18):1637-1640. https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2018.2865005S16371640301

Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of 76 Plant Species Collected in Andalusia (Spain) against Lung Cancer Cells

Every year, cancer kills millions of people around the world. Finding more selective anticancer agents is essential to improve the low survival rates of patients with metastatic cancers. Since the research of natural products is a valuable approach to the discovery of new compounds and the Iberian flora offers a rich source of unstudied plants, we have carried out a random screening of 76 plant species from 43 families collected in Andalusia (South of Spain). Using nonmalignant cells (HaCaT) and lung cancer cells (A549), we found that the extract from Arum italicum Mill. subsp. italicum (Araceae), Mandragora autumnalis Bertol. (Solanaceae), Rhamnus alaternus L. (Rhamnaceae), and Lomelosia simplex (Desf.) Raf. subsp. dentata (Jord. & Fourr.) Greuter & Burdet (Dipsacaceae) showed selective cytotoxicity against lung cancer cells. Extracts of plant species belonging to the Iridaceae family showed high selective activity against cancer cells, highlighting that the Xiphion xiphium (L.) M.B. Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev flower extract was more selective against lung cancer cells than the standard anticancer drugs, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. This extract also showed modest selective cytotoxicity against bladder carcinoma cells (T24). The number of cells in the G1 phase increased after treatment with the extract from Xiphion xiphium. Our research indicates that various plants are potential sources for the isolation and development of new anticancer drugs.Junta de Andalucía (grant numbers 2017/CTS-657; 2019/CTS-657; and 2021/CTS-657)University of Seville through the “VI Plan Propio de Investigación y Transferencia” (grant numbers VIPPIT-2019-I.5, VIPPIT-2020-I.5, and VIPPIT-2021-I

Sensitivity Enhancement for Low-Coherence Interferometry

[EN] In this letter, a sensitivity improvement for systems combining low-coherence interferometry (LCI) and microwave photonics (MWP) is demonstrated. This improvement is due to the introduction of a different modulation format and an exhaustive control of the optical source profile compared with previous MWP-LCI schemes. Our proposal allows to retrieve the visibility of low-coherence interferograms through the analysis of the interference pattern using a dispersive element. We demonstrate that the use of a phase modulator offers better stability and lower insertion loss since a bias point configuration is not needed compared with the intensity modulators typically used in these schemes. The process for controlling the optical source profile permits a comparison between uniform and Gaussian profiles. In this way, the limiting effects of the sidelobes over the achieved sensitivity level are analyzed. The proposed MWP-LCI structure is experimentally demonstrated through the characterization of the electrical transfer function. In this case, a maximum sensitivity of 65 dB is achieved in our MWP-LCI structure showing a 30-dB improvement compared with current proposals.This work was supported in part by the National Project through the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia under Grant TEC2014-60378-C2-1-R and in part by the Generalitat Valenciana under Grant PROMETEO FASE II/2013/012. (Corresponding author: J. Mora.)Benítez-González, J.; Mora Almerich, J. (2017). Sensitivity Enhancement for Low-Coherence Interferometry. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. 29(20):1735-1738. https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2017.2748818S17351738292

Análisis comparativo entre software inteligente de modelación de flujo a superficie libre Hec Ras y ensayos de laboratorio de canales y compuertas

Trabajo de InvestigaciónEl objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una comparación entre los resultados obtenidos en laboratorio, del flujo a superficie libre a través de una compuerta plana y un vertedero tipo cimacio, con resultados de la modelación correspondiente con el programa HEC-RAS 5.0.3. Inicialmente, se realiza una síntesis general del flujo a superficie libre, ecuaciones básicas utilizadas, descripción de la modelación física y numérica y la simulación que utiliza HEC-RAS para las láminas de agua de los correspondientes ensayos. Para lo anterior se realizó una validación del programa por medio de los manuales, con el fin de obtener la información necesaria y realizar un correcto uso del mismo.INTRODUCCIÓN 1. MODELACION HIDRAULICA 2. CANALES ABIERTOS 3. MODELACION DE LABORATORIO 4. RESULTADOS DEL MODELO FISICO 5. SIMULACION EN HEC-RAS 6. RESULTADOS DE LA SIMULACION 7. ANALISIS DE RESULTADOS 8. CONCLUSIONES 9. RECOMENDACIONES BIBLIOGRAFÍA ANEXOSPregradoIngeniero Civi

La imputación de responsabilidad a jefes y superiores en el estatuto de roma desconoce los principios de legalidad y culpabilidad penal

Las reglas de imputación en cuanto a la responsabilidad del superior que emplea el Estatuto de Roma en su artículo 28, al ser estas desarrolladas en forma extrema, vulneran de alguna manera los principios fundamentales del derecho penal (common Law) específicamente los principios de legalidad y culpabilidad al no ser este un sistema de imputación más concreto en la legitimidad de la pena.The rules of imputation as for the responsibility of the Superior that it uses the Statute of Rome in his article 28, to the being you are developed in extreme form, they damage somehow the fundamental principles of the criminal law (common Law) specifically the beginning of legality and guilt is not this a concrete system of imputation in legitimacy of the sentence