Acurácia da ultra-sonografia pré-natal para detecção de anomalias congênitas maiores /

Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde.O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a acurácia do ultra-som pré-natal para detecção de anomalias congênitas maiores. Três mil e duzentos e onze fetos foram examinados, sendo que 110 apresentaram 158 anomalias maiores ao nascimento ou autópsia (prevalência: 3,42%). A ultra-sonografia detectou corretamente 132 das 158 anomalias (sensibilidade = 83,5%), com uma especificidade de 99,8%. Numa análise secundária, somente fetos examinados entre 15 e 22 semanas cuja indicação para exame não fosse a suspeita prévia de anomalia congênita em ultra-som anterior (n=1.432) foram incluídos. Vinte e três fetos apresentaram 28 anomalias ao nascimento ou autópsia (prevalência: 1,60%). A sensibilidade e especificidade para detecção de anomalias maiores foi 78,6% e 99,8%, respectivamente. Fetos considerados normais ao ultra-som, mas que tinham anomalias maiores ao nascimento ou autópsia, apresentaram: pé torto congênito (n=5); hérnia diafragmática (n=2); encefalocele coberta por pele (n=1); comunicação interventricular (CIV) (n=1); fissura esternal tipo I (n=1) e síndrome de Ivemark (n=1). Os diagnósticos falso-positivos foram: CIVs observadas com Doppler colorido (n=3); hidronefrose leve (n=2) e coarctação de aorta (n=1)

Condições econômicas e institucionais do processo de inovação: proposta de um modelo sistêmico de investigação do progresso tecnológico e o desenvolvimento de inovações na indústria

This paper analyzes the dynamics of innovation in the economy. Thus, it examines the economic and social conditions involved in the technological progress and promotion of innovations. The economic structure is seen in front of the company's innovative features and the accumulation of capabilities dedicated to the innovation. The social conditions are considered in respect of the role of institutions in the innovation process. The relationship between economic and social environments shape the social capital, responsible for the generation, dissemination and use of technologies that shape the innovation process. The analysis of these conditions for the promotion of innovation is built by means of systemic models of innovation. These models capture innovation in four environments, the national, sectoral, regional and technological. Stylized facts are verified in the literature and confirm the conditions microeconomic, sectoral, regional and institutional into the development of innovations. The artice proposes that the study of innovation incorporates these differences in their theoretical and empirical body.

Internet Measurement

Nowadays, TCP channel estimation is a matter of great importance, being communication network metrology the core of network performance analysis field, since it allows to interpret and understand the network behaviour through the gathered metrics. In the context of this dissertation, an open source software project, available on GitHub, was developed. It uses a client-server architecture to estimate the Bulk Transfer Capacity (BTC) and provides portability due to Java and Android clients, being able to run on computers, tablets and mobile phones. Two algorithms to measure the BTC were deployed. Their measuring capacity was analysed and optimized, supported on studies about the influence of the TCP windows. The packet train dispersion algorithm was also implemented and analysed, but it did not allow measuring significant BTC results. The performance of the tool was tested for wired and cellular wireless networks, considering all the major Portuguese network operators. The results were compared to the ones measured by the iPerf3 reference tool, considering a stop criteria based on Jain’s Fairness Index [1] in order to inject the less possible traffic into the network. The measurement results are in line with the methodology proposed by ETSI and Ofcom to monitor the bandwidth, considering fixed time transmissions, and can contribute to reduce the transmission durations required to analyse each network