Multivariate Study Of Nile Tilapia Byproducts Enriched With Omega-3 And Dried With Different Methods

The present work aimed at studying the effect of different drying methods applied to tilapia byproducts (heads, viscera and carcasses) fed with flaxseed, verifying the contents of omega-3 fatty acids. Two diets were given to the tilapia: a control and a flaxseed formulation, over the course of 60 days. After this period, they were slaughtered and their byproducts (heads, viscera and carcasses) were collected. These fish parts were analyzed in natura, lyophilized and oven dried. Byproducts from tilapia fed with flaxseed presented docosapentaenoic, eicopentaenoic and docosahexanoic fatty acids as a result of the enzymatic metabolism of the fish. The byproducts from the oven drying process had lower levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In the multivariate analysis, the byproducts from fish fed with flaxseed had a greater composition of fatty acids. The addition of flaxseed in fish diets, as well as the utilization of their byproducts, may become a good business strategy. Additionally, the byproducts may be dried to facilitate transport and storage. © 2016 Sociedade Brasileira de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, SBCTA. All rights reserved.361182

Extraction and assessment of oil and bioactive compounds from cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale) using pressurized n-propane and ethanol as cosolvent

Cashew nuts in natura were crushed and subjected to lipid extraction using pressurized propane. There was variation in the temperature (30–60°C) and percentage of the cosolvent ethanol (0–6 %) using a 2² factorial design with central point in three replicates. The lipid composition was determined and compared to the composition of the ethereal extract obtained by Soxhlet method (SE). The amount of oil extracted ranged from 19.2 to 33.1 %. The extraction performed under the conditions of 8 MPa, 60°C using 6 % ethanol corresponded to 83.7 % of the total lipids. The higher the temperature and percentage of ethanol in the propane, the higher the extraction yield. Thirteen fatty acids were quantified, among them, oleic and linolenic acid were predominant. Tocopherols and sitosterol were higher in the oils obtained using pressurized propane and ethanol. The mathematical model of Sovová was adjusted to the kinetic curves of extraction and represented them satisfactorily157COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP88887.354426/2019-002013/19161-

Mannose-binding lectin 2 (Mbl2) gene polymorphisms are related to protein plasma levels, but not to heart disease and infection by Chlamydia

The presence of the single nucleotide polymorphisms in exon 1 of the mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) gene was evaluated in a sample of 159 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (71 patients undergoing valve replacement surgery and 300 control subjects) to investigate a possible association between polymorphisms and heart disease with Chlamydia infection. The identification of the alleles B and D was performed using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and of the allele C was accomplished through PCR assays followed by digestion with the restriction enzyme. The comparative analysis of allelic and genotypic frequencies between the three groups did not reveal any significant difference, even when related to previous Chlamydia infection. Variations in the MBL plasma levels were influenced by the presence of polymorphisms, being significantly higher in the group of cardiac patients, but without representing a risk for the disease. The results showed that despite MBL2 gene polymorphisms being associated with the protein plasma levels, the polymorphisms were not enough to predict the development of heart disease, regardless of infection with both species of Chlamydia

Mannose-binding lectin 2 (Mbl2) gene polymorphisms are related to protein plasma levels, but not to heart disease and infection by Chlamydia

The presence of the single nucleotide polymorphisms in exon 1 of the mannose-binding lectin 2 (MBL2) gene was evaluated in a sample of 159 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (71 patients undergoing valve replacement surgery and 300 control subjects) to investigate a possible association between polymorphisms and heart disease with Chlamydia infection. The identification of the alleles B and D was performed using real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and of the allele C was accomplished through PCR assays followed by digestion with the restriction enzyme. The comparative analysis of allelic and genotypic frequencies between the three groups did not reveal any significant difference, even when related to previous Chlamydia infection. Variations in the MBL plasma levels were influenced by the presence of polymorphisms, being significantly higher in the group of cardiac patients, but without representing a risk for the disease. The results showed that despite MBL2 gene polymorphisms being associated with the protein plasma levels, the polymorphisms were not enough to predict the development of heart disease, regardless of infection with both species of Chlamydia

Evaluation Of The Neonatal Outcomes Of The Kangaroo Mother Method In Brazil [avaliação Dos Resultados Neonatais Do Método Canguru No Brasil]

Objective: To evaluate the results of the kangaroo mother method in Brazil. Methods: A prospective cohort study comparing 16 units that have or do not have the second phase of the kangaroo mother method: eight were national centers of excellence for the kangaroo mother method (study group) and eight were part of the Brazilian Neonatal Research Network (control group). A total of 985 newborn infants with birth weights of 500 to 1,749 g were enrolled. Multivariate analyses employedmultiple linear regression and Poisson regression with robust adjustment. Results: The adjusted analysis (controlled for birth weight, gestational age, Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology Perinatal Extension II, Neonatal Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System, and maternal age and educational level) demonstrated that mean length of hospital stay (p = 0.14) and intercurrent clinical conditions in the intermediate or kangaroo unit were equal for both groups. Weight (p = 0.012), length (p = 0.039) and head circumference (p = 0.006) at 36 weeks' corrected gestational age were all lower at the kangaroo units. The kangaroo units exhibited superior performance in relation to exclusive breastfeeding at discharge (69.2 vs. 23.8%, p=0.022). Conclusions: The evidence suggests that the humanization strategy adopted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health is a safe alternative to conventional treatment and a good strategy for promoting breastfeeding. Copyright © 2008 by Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria.845428435Mathelin, C., (1999) Osorriso da Gioconda: Clínica psicanalí ticacombebês prematuros, , Rio de Janeiro: Companhia de Freud;Lamy, Z.C., (2000) Unidade neonatal: Um espaço de conflitos e negociações [Tese], , Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz;Walsh-Sukys M, Reitenbach A, Hudson-Barr D, DePompei P. Reducing light and sound in the neonatal intensive care unit: an evaluation of patient safety, staff satisfaction, and costs. J Perinatol. 2001;21:230-5. Erratum in: J Perinatol. 2001;21:572Martín Ancel, A., Iriondo Sanz, M., Fina Martí, A., Roqués Serradilla, V., García Del Río, M., López Sastre, J.B., On recommendations, protocols, and clinical guidelines (2001) An Esp Pediatr, 55, pp. 99-100Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Norma da atenção humanizada ao recém-nascido de baixo peso - Método Canguru. Brasília, DF: MS1999Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Norma da atenção humanizada ao recém-nascido de baixo peso - Método Canguru. Brasília, DF: MS2000Rey, E., Martínez, H., Manejo racional del niño prematuro (1983) Bogotá, (Colombia): Universidad NacionalCurso de Medicina FetalAnderson GC, Marks EA, Wahlberg V. Kangaroo care for premature infants. AmJ Nurs. 1986;86:807-9. Erratum in: Am J Nurs. 1986;86:1000Anderson, G.C., Current knowledge about skin-to-skin (kangaroo) care for preterm infants (1991) J Perinatol, 11, pp. 216-226Conde-Agudelo A, Diaz-Rossello JL, Belizan JM. Mãe canguru para reduzir morbidade e mortalidade em recém-nascidos com baixo peso ao nascer (Cochrane Review). In: Resumos de Revisões Sistemáticas em Português, Issue 2, 2007. Oxford: Update SoftwareFeldman, R., Weller, A., Sirota, L., Eidelman, A.I., Skin-to-Skin contact (Kangaroo care) promotes self-regulation in premature infants: Sleep-wake cyclicity, arousal modulation, and sustained exploration (2002) Dev Psychol, 38, pp. 194-207Kirsten, G.F., Bergman, N.J., Hann, K.M., Kangaroo mother care in the nursery (2001) Pediatr Clin North Am, 48, pp. 443-452Ramanathan, K., Paul, V.K., Deorari, A., Taneja, U., George, G., Kangaroo Mother Care in very low birth weight infants (2001) Indian J Pediatr, 68, pp. 1019-1023Ludington-Hoe, S.M., Johnson, M.W., Morgan, K., Lewis, T., Gutman, J., Wilson, P.D., Neurophysiologic assessment of neonatal sleep organization: Preliminary results of a randomized, controlled trial of skin contact with preterm infants (2006) Pediatrics, 117, pp. e909-e923Gray, L., Watt, L., Blass, E.M., Skin-to-skin contact is analgesic in healthy newborns (2000) Pediatrics, 105, pp. e14Charpak, N., Ruiz-Pelaez, J.G., Figueroa de, C.Z., Charpak, Y., A randomized, controlled trial of kangaroo mother care: Results of follow-up at 1 year of corrected age (2001) Pediatrics, 108, pp. 1072-1079Penalva, O., Schwartzman, J.S., Descriptive study of the clinical and nutritional profile and follow-up of premature babies in a Kangaroo Mother Care Program (2006) J Pediatr (Rio J), 82, pp. 33-39Charpak, N., Ruiz-Pelaez, J.G., Figueroa de, C.Z., Charpak, Y., Kangaroo mother versus traditional care for newborn infants >/= 2,000 grams: A randomized, controlled trial (1997) Pediatrics, 100, pp. 682-688Ruiz-Peláez, J.G., Charpak, N., Cuervo, L.G., Kangaroo Mother Care, an example to follow from developing countries (2004) BMJ, 329, pp. 1179-1181Venancio, S.I., Almeida, H., Método Mãe Canguru: Aplicação no Brasil, evidências científicas e impacto sobre o aleitamento materno. (2004) J Pediatr (Rio J), 80, pp. S173-S180Richardson, D.K., Corcoran, J.D., Escobar, G.J., Lee, S.K., SNAP-II and SNAPPE-II: Simplified newborn illness severity and mortality risk scores (2001) J Pediatr, 138, pp. 92-100Gray, J.E., Richardson, D.K., McCormick, M.C., Workman-Daniels, K., Goldmann, D.A., Neonatal therapeutic intervention scoring system: A therapy-based severity-of-illness index (1992) Pediatrics, 90, pp. 561-567Barros, A.J., Hirakata, V.N., Alternatives for logistic regression in cross-sectional studies: An empirical comparison of models that directly estimate the prevalence ratio (2003) BMC Med Res Methodol, 3, p. 21Roberts, K.L., Paynter, C., McEwan, B., A comparison of kangaroo mother care and conventional cuddling care (2000) Neonatal Netw, 19, pp. 31-35Cattaneo, A., Davanzo, R., Worku, B., Surjono, A., Echeverria, M., Bedri, A., Kangaroo mother care for low birth weight infants: A randomised controlled trial in different settings (1998) Acta Paediatr, 87, pp. 976-985Kadam, S., Binoy, S., Kanbur, W., Mondkar, J.A., Fernandez, A., Feasibility of kangaroo mother care in Mumbai (2005) Indian J Pediatr, 72, pp. 35-38Sloan, N.L., LeonCamacho, L.W., PintoRojas, E., Stern, C., Maternidad IsidroAyora Study Team. Kangaroo mother method: Randomised controlled trial of an alternative method of care for stabilised low-birthweight infants. Maternidad Isidro Ayora Study Team (1994) Lancet, 344, pp. 782-78