Population fluctuation of thrips (Frankliniella cf. gardeniae) in mango crops in Tolima, Colombia.

Mango is one of the tropical fruits with the highest production worldwide; in Colombia is a crop with a great export potential. However, insect pests such as thrips, can affect its quality and production. In this research the relationship of the population fluctuation of thrips (Frankliniella cf. gardeniae) with climatic conditions and mango (var. Yulima and Tommy) phenology in Guamo and San Luis (Tolima) was evaluated. Trips were weekly sampled in both inflorescences and young leaves of mango and associated weeds; phenological stages of the crop and climatic conditions (temperature, relative humidity and precipitation) were recorded and the probability of the presence of thrips in mango flowers was determined. A total number of 8.609 thrips individuals, including adults and immatures, were collected. The population fluctuation of Frankliniella cf. gardeniae presented a positive relationship with flowering (R = 0.79 var. Yulima and Tommy) and temperature (R = 0.43 var. Yulima; R = 0.48 var. Tommy). It was recorded the genera of the phytophagous trips Frankliniella and Haplothrips, in the weeds Desmodium tortuosum and Melochia parvifolia. The flowers and fruits up to 8 mm size were the most susceptible to insect attack. Finally, the higher probability of the thrips presence in mango flowers had two main periods, 7-63 days and 161-163 days after flowering. Frankliniella cf. gardeniae behaved as an occasional pest, present when the food source was available and the climatic conditions were adequate

Fluctuación poblacional de trips (Frankliniella cf. gardeniae) en cultivos de mango en Tolima, Colombia

Mango is one of the tropical fruits with the highest production worldwide; in Colombia is a crop with a great export potential. However, insect pests such as thrips, can affect its quality and production. In this research the relationship of the population fluctuation of thrips (Frankliniella cf. gardeniae) with climatic conditions and mango (var. Yulima and Tommy) phenology in Guamo and San Luis (Tolima) was evaluated. Trips were weekly sampled in both inflorescences and young leaves of mango and associated weeds; phenological stages of the crop and climatic conditions (temperature, relative humidity and precipitation) were recorded and the probability of the presence of thrips in mango flowers was determined. A total number of 8.609 thrips individuals, including adults and immatures, were collected. The population fluctuation of Frankliniella cf. gardeniae presented a positive relationship with flowering (R = 0.79 var. Yulima and Tommy) and temperature (R = 0.43 var. Yulima; R = 0.48 var. Tommy). It was recorded the genera of the phytophagous trips Frankliniella and Haplothrips, in the weeds Desmodium tortuosum and Melochia parvifolia. The flowers and fruits up to 8 mm size were the most susceptible to insect attack. Finally, the higher probability of the thrips presence in mango flowers had two main periods, 7-63 days and 161-163 days after flowering. Frankliniella cf. gardeniae behaved as an occasional pest, present when the food source was available and the climatic conditions were adequate.El mango es una de las frutas tropicales con mayor producción a nivel mundial; en Colombia es un cultivo con gran potencial de exportación. Sin embargo, insectos plaga como los trips, pueden incidir en su calidad y producción. En esta investigación se evaluó la relación de la fluctuación poblacional de trips (Frankliniella cf. gardeniae) con las condiciones climáticas, la fenología del mango (var. Yulima y Tommy) y los hospederos alternos en el Guamo y San Luis (Tolima). Semanalmente se muestrearon trips en inflorescencias, hojas jóvenes de mango y en arvenses asociadas, se registraron los estados fenológicos del cultivo, las condiciones climáticas (temperatura, humedad relativa y precipitación) y se determinó la probabilidad de presencia de trips en inflorescencias de mango. En total se recolectaron 8.609 individuos de trips entre adultos y ninfas. La fluctuación poblacional de F. cf. gardeniae presentó relación positiva con la floración (r = 0,79 var. Yulima y Tommy) y la temperatura (r = 0,43 var. Yulima; r = 0,48 var. Tommy). Se registraron los géneros fitófagos Frankliniella y Haplothrips, en las arvenses Desmodium tortuosum y Melochia parvifolia. Las flores y frutos hasta tamaño de 8 mm fueron las más susceptibles al ataque del insecto. Finalmente, la mayor probabilidad de presencia de trips en inflorescencias de mango presentó dos períodos marcados, de 7 a 63 y de 161 a 203 días después de floración. F.cf. gardeniae en mango se comportó como una plaga ocasional, presente cuando la fuente de alimento estuvo disponible y las condiciones climáticas fueron adecuadas