STILF - A spatiotemporal interval logic formalism for reasoning about events in remote sensing data

Although several studies perform time series analysis using remote sensing data provided by Earth observation satellites, few have been explored concerning the reasoning about land use change using these data. Besides, exists the challenge of make the best use of big Earth observation data sets to represent change. In this context, this work presents a new formalism - STILF (Spatiotemporal Interval Logic Formalism), and shows how to use it for reasoning about land use change using big Earth observation data. Extending the ideas from Allen’s interval temporal logic, we introduce predicates holds(o, p, t) and occur(o, p, Te) to build a general framework to reason about events. Events can be defined as complete entities on their respective time intervals and their lifetime is limited while objects persist in time, with a defined begin and end. Since events are intrinsically related to the objects they modify, a geospatial event formalism should specify not only what happens, but also which objects are affected by such changes. The formalism proposed and predicates extended from Allen''''''''s ideas can model and capture changes using big Earth observation data, and also allows reasoning about land use trajectories in regional or global areas. Examples for tropical forest area application is presented to better understand our proposal using STILF. For the future, the proposed formalism will be include other temporal analysis tools to thinking about events related the land use and cover change

O ensino de frações em tempos de escola nova: saberes profissionais vulgarizados nos manuais didáticos

O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os saberes profissionais dos professores que foram vulgarizados por meio dos manuais didáticos acerca de como ensinar frações na escola primária no período da escola nova. Os manuais selecionados foram: “A nova metodologia de Aritmética” de Edward Lee Thorndike (1936); “Metodologia da Matemática”, de Irene de Albuquerque (1951) e “Didática da Escola Nova”, de Alfredo Miguel Aguayo (1952). As obras foram analisadas levando em consideração a perspectiva da História Cultural e dos conceitos norteadores de representação (Chartier, 1990) e de saberes profissionais dos professores (Hofstetter, Schneuwly, 2017). As análises indicaram que os elementos escolanovistas para o ensino da Aritmética foram marcantes nas prescrições dos autores sobre como ensinar fração, perpassando por questões relacionadas à sua utilidade, ao significado deste conhecimento, à forma de ensino e à linguagem matemática adotada. O estudo mostrou que os manuais participaram da formação profissional do professor primário, indicando as novas exigências com relação aos saberes a e para ensinar frações, requeridos em tempos de escola nova

A RESTRIÇÃO DA TUTELA DE DIREITOS INDIVIDUAIS HOMOGÊNEOS DE NATUREZA TRIBUTÁRIA E O DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL DE ACESSO À JUSTIÇA

O presente artigo tem o escopo principal de analisar a restrição existente sobre a utilização de ações coletivas para a tutela de direitos individuais homogêneos de natureza tributária, contrapondo-a ao direito fundamental de acesso à justiça e trazendo à baila, especialmente, o parágrafo único do art. 1º da Lei de Ação Civil Pública, introduzido no ordenamento jurídico pela Medida Provisória nº 2.180-35/2001, bem como a interpretação dos tribunais superiores, antes e depois da vigência do referido diploma normativo. Para realizar este trabalho, foi utilizado o método dedutivo por meio de pesquisa exploratória bibliográfica e documental, dentre artigos científicos, legislação, jurisprudência e doutrinas jurídicas. Assim, o desenvolvimento foi distribuído em três seções, sendo que a primeira trabalha os aspectos gerais da tutela coletiva, destacando as espécies de interesses ou direitos coletivos, bem como os legitimados e os efeitos da coisa julgada, visando à situação do leitor no particular sistema jurídico das ações coletivas. O segundo seleciona e apresenta alguns importantes julgados a fim de trazer o posicionamento dos tribunais superiores, em especial do STJ, acerca do tema, para, finalmente, chegarmos a terceira e última seção, que traz a análise crítica, à luz do direito fundamental do acesso à justiça, foco principal deste trabalho. As considerações finais dão conta de que o parágrafo único do art. 1º da Lei de Ação Civil Pública vai totalmente de encontro com o direito fundamental de acesso à justiça, o que releva a sua flagrante inconstitucionalidade. Paralelamente, considerando-se a realidade fática e jurídica existente, se propôs que, diante do referido texto normativo, que nunca foi declarado inconstitucional, se alcance, ao menos, uma aplicação reduzida, que restrinja minimamente a tutela dos direitos de natureza tributária, com o objetivo principal de se permitir, em caráter difuso, a proteção dos contribuintes contra a cobrança indevida de tributos

Effect of the essential oil from the latex of the fruit Mangifera indica L. on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari, Tetranychidae)

International audienceTetranychus urticae Koch is a cosmopolitan pest that causes damage to crops in protected farming activities in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. We investigated the lethal and sublethal effects of the essential oil from the latex of the mango fruit [Mangifera indica, Espada and Rosa (MESPA and MROSA) varieties] and selected monoterpenes on T. urticae. The yield of the MROSA oil was higher (9.22 ± 0.15%). The GC/MS analysis of the oils enabled the identification of 26 constituents. Terpinolene (70.14 ± 0.61%) was the major compound identified in the MESPA oil; β-pinene (38.22 ± 0.80%) was the major constituent of the MROSA oil, followed by terpinolene (29.44 ± 0.29%). The mite was more susceptible to the oils and constituents through fumigation, with no difference between the two varieties. By residual contact, the MROSA oil was 2.7-fold more toxic than the MESPA oil. Terpinolene was the most toxic constituent by fumigation, whereas β-pinene and α-pinene were the most active by residual contact. The selected compounds from M. indica also affected the behavior of the mite, exerting an influence on fecundity, feeding preference and egg-laying preference. The positive control (Azamax®) was more efficient at reducing the fecundity of the mite than the oils, but the MROSA oil was more toxic by fumigation and residual contact. The effects of fumigation and residual contact combined with the change in behavior may be a considerable advantage in the integrated management of T. urticae. For the practical use of these oils as novel acaricides, however, further investigations are needed to evaluate the effects on non-target organisms and the cost-benefit ratio for the formulation of a product to be used on protected crops in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

Brain tumor in differential diagnosis of seizures in puerperium : case report

Convulsive crisis is a transient disturbance of cerebral function, and the etiology of which may be manifold. Its clarification is essential for establishing adequate therapy and seizure control. In the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, eclampsia is the most common cause of it, but brain tumor, epilepsy and other disorders are part of the differential diagnosis. We report a case of seizure triggered by tumor in a primigest, 22 years old, at 38 weeks’ gestation with premature rupture of membranes. Cesarean section was performed due to non-reassuring fetal condition. On the second day of puerperium, she presented recurrent episodes of generalized tonic-clonic seizures and elevated blood pressure. She received magnesium sulfate for 24 hours and persisted with severe headache. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed an expansive lesion in the left frontoparietal region. The patient underwent intracranial microsurgery on the eighth day after cesarean section, with complete resection of the lesion and anatomopathological diagnosis of schwannoma. She went through good postoperative evolution, without neurological deficits, and stayed on phenobarbital, with no seizures until 6 months of follow-up. From the case we conclude that although the first diagnosis in pregnant or puerperal women with seizures should be eclampsia, there are other causes, such as brain tumor and Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES). Careful evaluation is required, especially in refractory cases and not responding to usual treatment

Comparative Evaluation of the Twisted File™ and Revo-S® Rotary Systems Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Svrha: Korištenjem konične kompjutorizirane tomografije (CBCT-a) željela se odrediti mogućnost centriranja Twisted Fileom™ u usporedbi sa strojnim sustavom Revo-S®. Materijali i metode: Četrdeset bukomezijalnih kanala maksilarnog prvog kutnjaka sa zakrivljenošću od 25° do 30° podijeljeni su u dvije skupine po 20, ovisno o korištenom sustavu (skupina 1: Twisted File™; skupina 2: strojni sustav Revo-S®). Svi zubi slikani su CBCT-om te im je određen oblik korijenskih kanala prije instrumentacije i nakon toga postupka. Zatim su slike digitalno obrađene Image Tools Softwareom i izračunat je omjer centriranja kanala. Rezultati su statistički analizirani t- i Mann-Whitneyjevim testom. Stupanj statističke značajnosti postavljen je na ,05. Rezultati: Ni kod jednog sustava centriranje nije bilo besprijekorno te između dviju eksperimentalnih skupina nije bilo statistički značajnih razlika (p 0.05) between the two groups in terms of centering ability. Conclusion: None of the instruments evaluated in this study were totally effective in performing biomechanical preparation of the root canals, because each of them produced canal deviation

O ensino de frações em tempos de escola nova: saberes profissionais vulgarizados nos manuais didáticos

Este artigo encontra-se disponível no seguinte link: https://histemat.com.br/index.php/HISTEMAT/article/view/386O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os saberes profissionais dos professores que foram vulgarizados por meio dos manuais didáticos acerca de como ensinar frações na escola primária no período da Escola Nova. Os manuais selecionados foram: “A nova metodologia de Aritmética” de Edward Lee Thorndike (1936); “Metodologia da Matemática”, de Irene de Albuquerque (1951) e “Didática da Escola Nova”, de Alfredo Miguel Aguayo (1952). As obras foram analisadas levando em consideração a perspectiva da História Cultural e dos conceitos norteadores de representação (Chartier, 1990) e de saberes profissionais dos professores (Hofstetter, Schneuwly, 2017). As análises indicaram que os elementos escolanovistas para o ensino da Aritmética foram marcantes nas prescrições dos autores sobre como ensinar fração, perpassando por questões relacionadas à sua utilidade, ao significado deste conhecimento, à forma de ensino e à linguagem matemática adotada. O estudo mostrou que os manuais participaram da formação profissional do professor primário, indicando as novas exigências com relação aos saberes a e para ensinar frações, requeridos em tempos de Escola Nova

Characteristics of carbohydrate counting practice associated with adequacy of glycated hemoglobin in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Brazil

BackgroundThe Carbohydrate Counting (CC) is directly associated with achieving glycemic control by people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Therefore, this study aims to analyze characteristics of the CC practice associated with the adequacy of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in adults with T1DM in Brazil.MethodsThe study was cross-sectional, carried out using an online form with questions about knowledge of CC, clinical, anthropometric, sociodemographic data, follow-up with health professionals and understanding of the concepts of CC. Pearson’s chi-square test and binomial logistic regression analysis (p<0.05) were applied.Results173 adults participated, of which 57.2% had increased HbA1c (≥7%). Having the diabetes duration <10 years (p=0.006), performing the CC at lunch (p=0.040) and dinner (p=0.018), using specific applications to perform the CC (p=0.001), having learned to perform CC with a nutritionist (p=0.037) and knowing how to correctly define the concepts of food bolus (p=0.001), correction bolus (p<0.001) and insulin/carbohydrate ratio (p<0.001) was associated with having adequate HbA1c (<7%). Participants who were undergoing CC practice were 3.273 times more likely to have adequate HbA1c and participants with diabetes duration <10 years were 2.686 times more likely to have adequate HbA1c.ConclusionIt was concluded that variables transversal to CC favor adequate HbA1c values in adults with T1DM and that practicing CC and having a diabetes duration of less than 10 years are predictive factors of having adequate HbA1c

Heterofucans from the Brown Seaweed Canistrocarpus cervicornis with Anticoagulant and Antioxidant Activities

Fucan is a term used to denominate a family of sulfated polysaccharides rich in sulfated l-fucose. We extracted six fucans from Canistrocarpus cervicornis by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. These heterofucans are composed mainly of fucose, glucuronic acid, galactose and sulfate. No polysaccharide was capable of prolonging prothrombin time (PT) at the concentration assayed. However, all polysaccharides prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Four sulfated polysaccharides (CC-0.3/CC-0.5/CC-0.7/CC-1.0) doubled aPTT with only 0.1 mg/mL of plasma, only 1.25-fold less than Clexane®, a commercial low molecular weight heparin. Heterofucans exhibited total antioxidant capacity, low hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, good superoxide radical scavenging efficiency (except CC-1.0), and excellent ferrous chelating ability (except CC-0.3). These results clearly indicate the beneficial effect of C. cervicornis polysaccharides as anticoagulants and antioxidants. Further purification steps and additional studies on structural features as well as in vivo experiments are needed to test the viability of their use as therapeutic agents