298 research outputs found
Crossover from Diffusive to Superfluid Transport in Frustrated Magnets
We investigate the spin transport across the magnetic phase diagram of a
frustrated antiferromagnetic insulator and uncover a drastic modification of
the transport regime from spin diffusion to spin superfluidity. Adopting a
triangular lattice accounting for both nearest neighbor and next-nearest
neighbor exchange interactions with easy-plane anisotropy, we perform atomistic
spin simulations on a two-terminal configuration across the full magnetic phase
diagram. We found that as long as the ground state magnetic moments remain
in-plane, irrespective of whether the magnetic configuration is ferromagnetic,
collinear or non-collinear antiferromagnetic, the system exhibits spin
superfluid behavior with a device output that is independent on the value of
the exchange interactions. When the magnetic frustration is large enough to
compete with the easy-plane anisotropy and cant the magnetic moments out of the
plane, the spin transport progressively evolves towards the diffusive regime.
The robustness of spin superfluidity close to magnetic phase boundaries is
investigated and we uncover the possibility for {\em proximate} spin
superfluidity close to the ferromagnetic transition.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
ETHNO-BOTANICAL CLAIMS COLLECTED FROM TRIBAL AND RURAL PEOPLE OF KADAPA DISTRICT, ANDHRA PRADESH
The main aim of the study is to collect the ethnobotanical claims on therapeutic actions of twenty-seven (27) plant species belonging to Fourteen (14) families of angiosperms; practicing by tribal and rural people of Kadapa district, Andhra Pradesh. The study was directed in the tribal villages and provincial regions like; Badvel, Balapalli, Chitvel, Guvvala cheruvu, Kukkaladhoddi, Lankamalai, Mamandur, Palakonda hills, Pulivendula, Rajampeta, Rayachoti and Settipalli in Kadapa District. The governed tribal populations in these regions are Yanadhi accompanied by Yerukula, Nakkala, and Sugalis. Tribal and rural people of the investigated areas have been applying all these plant materials in the form of ash, boiled, crude, curry, decoction etc. for treating 27 disease conditions like; anorexia, bilious affections, piles, burning sensation in the stomach, cold and cough, dandruff, dental diseases, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, redness of eye, facial paralysis, fever, fissures, cracks, flatulence, haemorrhage, hair loss, indigestion, intestinal ulcers, loss of libido, migraine, pains, swellings etc. The botanical name, family name, habit, habitat, part(s) used, flowering and fruiting time, the name of the diseases against which the plants are used and mode of administration with dosage for most of the claims is discussed in detail. The provided information could be used to find new medications of natural origin by the systematic research on pharmacological and clinical trials
Quantum phases of dimerized and frustrated Heisenberg spin chains with s = 1/2, 1 and 3/2: an entanglement entropy and fidelity study
We study here different regions in phase diagrams of the spin-1/2, spin-1 and
spin-3/2 one dimensional antiferromagnetic Heisenberg systems with frustration
(next-nearest-neighbor interaction ) and dimerization (). In
particular, we analyze the behaviors of the bipartite entanglement entropy and
fidelity at the gapless to gapped phase transitions and across the lines
separating different phases in the plane. All the calculations in
this work are based on numerical exact diagonalizations of finite systems.Comment: 12 pages, 15 figures; provided some finite size analysis results,
some changes in text accordingly; to appear in J. Phys.: Condens. Matte
Exact Entanglement Studies of Strongly Correlated Systems: Role of Long-Range Interactions and Symmetries of the System
We study the bipartite entanglement of strongly correlated systems using
exact diagonalization techniques. In particular, we examine how the
entanglement changes in the presence of long-range interactions by studying the
Pariser-Parr-Pople model with long-range interactions. We compare the results
for this model with those obtained for the Hubbard and Heisenberg models with
short-range interactions. This study helps us to understand why the density
matrix renormalization group (DMRG) technique is so successful even in the
presence of long-range interactions. To better understand the behavior of
long-range interactions and why the DMRG works well with it, we study the
entanglement spectrum of the ground state and a few excited states of finite
chains. We also investigate if the symmetry properties of a state vector have
any significance in relation to its entanglement. Finally, we make an
interesting observation on the entanglement profiles of different states
(across the energy spectrum) in comparison with the the corresponding profile
of the density of states. We use isotropic chains and a molecule with
non-Abelian symmetry for these numerical investigations.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures and 2 table
Patrilocality and Child Sex Ratios in India
In multi-level and multi-layered foundations of gendered approaches for understanding the kinship system, son preferences, and male-skewed child sex ratios in India; patriarchy, and patrilineality have received greater attention than patrilocality. To fill this gap, in this study, we construct a measure of patrilocality and examine its association with skewed child sex ratios. We hypothesize that households practice sex selection and daughter discrimination because of patrilocal norms that dictate the later life co-residence between parents and sons. Our findings reveal that the child sex ratio, the sex ratio at birth, and the sex ratio at last birth are positively correlated with the patrilocality rates across states and districts of India. The relationship holds across the multiple robustness checks. Findings, although not surprising, emerge from the robust empirical analyses at a time when child sex ratios continue to worsen in India, notwithstanding the country’s socio-economic progress. We conclude that in the absence of strong social security measures and lack of preference for old-age homes amidst the accepted practice of patrilocality coupled with increasing lower fertility norms, the dependency on sons will continue and further lead to the continuation of sex selection in India
Hypoxia as a therapy for mitochondrial disease
Defects in the mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) underlie a spectrum of human conditions, ranging from devastating inborn errors of metabolism to aging. We performed a genome-wide Cas9-mediated screen to identify factors that are protective during RC inhibition. Our results highlight the hypoxia response, an endogenous program evolved to adapt to limited oxygen availability. Genetic or small-molecule activation of the hypoxia response is protective against mitochondrial toxicity in cultured cells and zebrafish models. Chronic hypoxia leads to a marked improvement in survival, body weight, body temperature, behavior, neuropathology, and disease biomarkers in a genetic mouse model of Leigh syndrome, the most common pediatric manifestation of mitochondrial disease. Further preclinical studies are required to assess whether hypoxic exposure can be developed into a safe and effective treatment for human diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) (Grant 5DP1-MH100706)National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.) (Grant 1R01-MH110049)National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke (U.S.) (Grant 5R01DK097768-03
Inter-Center Collaboration at the ICRISAT Sahelian Center
Sustainable agriculture to feed the growing populations in West Africa has become an issue of major concern.
Improved management of natural resources is necessary to effect long-term gains in productivity. This requires the
adoption of more integrated approaches to agricultural production that consider the coexistence and dependence
of man, trees, crops, and livestock. Various aspects of the strategic, applied, and adaptive research of six international
agricultural research centers (IARCs) and the International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC) at the
ICRISAT Sahelian Center (ISC) in Niger that aim to improve the productivity of the millet-based cropping systems
are described. ICRISAT coordinates this ecoregional activity in effective partnership with the appropriate national
agricultural research systems (NARS) established through network mechanisms already operational within each
IARC. Results of the past decade's cooperative activities are presented
- …