25,592 research outputs found
Exact Nonperturbative Unitary Amplitudes for 1->N Transitions
I present an extension to arbitrary N of a previously proposed field
theoretic model, in which unitary amplitudes for processes were
obtained. The Born amplitude in this extension has the behavior
expected in a bosonic field theory. Unitarity
is violated when , or when Numerical
solutions of the coupled Schr\"odinger equations shows that for weak coupling
and a large range of N>\ncrit, the exact unitary amplitude is reasonably fit
by a factorized expression |A(1->N)| \sim (0.73 /N) \cdot \exp{(-0.025/\g2)}.
The very small size of the coefficient 1/\g2 , indicative of a very weak
exponential suppression, is not in accord with standard discussions based on
saddle point analysis, which give a coefficient The weak dependence
on could have experimental implications in theories where the exponential
suppression is weak (as in this model). Non-perturbative contributions to
few-point correlation functions in this theory would arise at order $K\ \simeq\
\left((0.05/\g2)+ 2\ ln{N}\right)/ \ ln{(1/\g2)}\g2.$Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures (not included
Dielectric cure monitoring: Preliminary studies
Preliminary studies have been conducted on two types of dielectric cure monitoring systems employing both epoxy resins and phenolic composites. An Audrey System was used for 23 cure monitoring runs with very limited success. Nine complete cure monitoring runs have been investigated using a Micromet System. Two additional measurements were performed to investigate the Micromet's sensitivity to water absorption in a post-cure carbon-phenolic material. While further work is needed to determine data significance, the Micromet system appears to show promise as a feedback control device during processing
Properties of Nucleon Resonances by means of a Genetic Algorithm
We present an optimization scheme that employs a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to
determine the properties of low-lying nucleon excitations within a realistic
photo-pion production model based upon an effective Lagrangian. We show that
with this modern optimization technique it is possible to reliably assess the
parameters of the resonances and the associated error bars as well as to
identify weaknesses in the models. To illustrate the problems the optimization
process may encounter, we provide results obtained for the nucleon resonances
(1230) and (1700). The former can be easily isolated and thus
has been studied in depth, while the latter is not as well known
experimentally.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. Minor correction
Statistics of Oscillator Strengths in Chaotic Systems
The statistical description of oscillator strengths for systems like hydrogen
in a magnetic field is developed by using the supermatrix nonlinear
-model. The correlator of oscillator strengths is found to have a
universal parametric and frequency dependence, and its analytical expression is
given. This universal expression applies to quantum chaotic systems with the
same generality as Wigner-Dyson statistics.Comment: 11 pages, REVTeX3+epsf, two EPS figures. Replaced by the published
version. Minor changes
Lattice-corrected strain-induced vector potentials in graphene
The electronic implications of strain in graphene can be captured at low
energies by means of pseudovector potentials which can give rise to
pseudomagnetic fields. These strain-induced vector potentials arise from the
local perturbation to the electronic hopping amplitudes in a tight-binding
framework. Here we complete the standard description of the strain-induced
vector potential, which accounts only for the hopping perturbation, with the
explicit inclusion of the lattice deformations or, equivalently, the
deformation of the Brillouin zone. These corrections are linear in strain and
are different at each of the strained, inequivalent Dirac points, and hence are
equally necessary to identify the precise magnitude of the vector potential.
This effect can be relevant in scenarios of inhomogeneous strain profiles,
where electronic motion depends on the amount of overlap among the local Fermi
surfaces. In particular, it affects the pseudomagnetic field distribution
induced by inhomogeneous strain configurations, and can lead to new
opportunities in tailoring the optimal strain fields for certain desired
functionalities.Comment: Errata for version
The Galaxy Octopole Moment as a Probe of Weak Lensing Shear Fields
In this paper, we introduce the octopole moment of the light distribution in
galaxies as a probe of the weak lensing shear field. While traditional
ellipticity estimates of the local shear derived from the quadrupole moment are
limited by the width of the intrinsic ellipticity distribution of background
galaxies, the dispersion in the intrinsic octopole distribution is expected to
be much smaller, implying that the signal from this higher order moment is
ultimately limited by measurement noise, and not by intrinsic scatter. We
present the computation of the octopole moment and show that current
observations are at the regime where the octopole estimates will soon be able
to contribute to the overall accuracy of the estimates of local shear fields.
Therefore, the prospects for this estimator from future datasets like the
Advanced Camera for Survey and the Next Generation Space Telescope are very
promising.Comment: 9 pages, 2 PostScript figures; Submitted to Astrophysical Journa
Diffraction of wave packets in space and time
The phenomenon of wave packet diffraction in space and time is described. It
consists in a diffraction pattern whose spatial location progresses with time.
The pattern is produced by wave packet quantum scattering off an attractive or
repulsive time independent potential. An analytical formula for the pattern at
is derived both in one dimension and in three dimensions. The
condition for the pattern to exist is developed. The phenomenon is shown
numerically and analytically for the Dirac equation in one dimension also. An
experiment for the verification of the phenomenon is described and simulated
numerically.Comment: replaces quant-ph 0008077, 0008107, Journal of physics, A, in pres
Some Properties of Amplitudes at Multi Boson Thresholds in Spontaneously Broken Scalar Theory
It is shown that in a theory of one real scalar field with
spontaneous breaking of symmetry a calculation of the amplitudes of production
by a virtual field of on-mass-shell bosons all being exactly at rest
is equivalent in any order of the loop expansion to a Euclidean space
calculation of the mean field of a kink-type configuration. Using this
equivalence it is found that all the amplitudes have no absorptive
part at the thresholds to any order of perturbation theory. This implies
non-trivial relations between multi-boson threshold production amplitudes. In
particular the on-mass-shell amplitude of the process should vanish
at the threshold in all loops. It is also shown that the factor in the amplitudes at the threshold is not eliminated by loop effects.Comment: 11 pages including 3 figures, LaTeX, TPI-MINN-92/61-
Surface criticality in random field magnets
The boundary-induced scaling of three-dimensional random field Ising magnets
is investigated close to the bulk critical point by exact combinatorial
optimization methods. We measure several exponents describing surface
criticality: for the surface layer magnetization and the surface
excess exponents for the magnetization and the specific heat, and
. The latter ones are related to the bulk phase transition by the
same scaling laws as in pure systems, but only with the same violation of
hyperscaling exponent as in the bulk. The boundary disorders faster
than the bulk, and the experimental and theoretical implications are discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
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