Evidence of Skyrmion excitations about ν=1\nu =1 in n-Modulation Doped Single Quantum Wells by Inter-band Optical Transmission

We observe a dramatic reduction in the degree of spin-polarization of a two-dimensional electron gas in a magnetic field when the Fermi energy moves off the mid-point of the spin-gap of the lowest Landau level, $\nu=1$. This rapid decay of spin alignment to an unpolarized state occurs over small changes to both higher and lower magnetic field. The degree of electron spin polarization as a function of $\nu$ is measured through the magneto-absorption spectra which distinguish the occupancy of the two electron spin states. The data provide experimental evidence for the presence of Skyrmion excitations where exchange energy dominates Zeeman energy in the integer quantum Hall regime at $\nu=1$

A modeling analysis program for the JPL Table Mountain Io sodium cloud data

Progress and achievements in the second year are discussed in three main areas: (1) data quality review of the 1981 Region B/C images; (2) data processing activities; and (3) modeling activities. The data quality review revealed that almost all 1981 Region B/C images are of sufficient quality to be valuable in the analyses of the JPL data set. In the second area, the major milestone reached was the successful development and application of complex image-processing software required to render the original image data suitable for modeling analysis studies. In the third area, the lifetime description of sodium atoms in the planet magnetosphere was improved in the model to include the offset dipole nature of the magnetic field as well as an east-west electric field. These improvements are important in properly representing the basic morphology as well as the east-west asymmetries of the sodium cloud

A modeling analysis program for the JPL table mountain Io sodium cloud

Progress and achievements in the first year are discussed in three main areas: (1) review and assessment of the massive JPL Table Mountain Io sodium cloud data set, (2) formulation and execution of a plan to perform further processing of this data set, and (3) initiation of modeling activities. The complete 1976-79 and 1981 data sets are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the superior 1981 Region B/C images which provide a rich base of information for studying the structure and escape of gases from Io as well as possible east-west and magnetic longitudinal asymmetries in the plasma torus. A data processing plan is developed and is undertaken by the Multimission Image Processing Laboratory of JPL for the purpose of providing a more refined and complete data set for our modeling studies in the second year. Modeling priorities are formulated and initial progress in achieving these goals is reported

A modeling analysis program for the JPL table mountain Io sodium cloud

A data quality review for the entire set of the 1981 Region B/C images has been completed and is presented. The review indicates that almost all images are of sufficient quality to be valuable in our analysis of this data set. Five data-correlation studies for the same data set have also been completed and are useful in classifying and studying the sodium cloud morphology and its interactions with solar radiation pressure and the plasma torus. Additional progress in developing new image processing techniques and in improving the Io sodium cloud model is also discussed

A modeling analysis program for the JPL Table Mountain Io sodium cloud data

The abundant Io sodium cloud data obtained at JPL Table Mountain was reviewed. Images of the sodium cloud important to this modeling analysis program are contained in the 1976-1979 data set and the 1981 data set. A preliminary assessment of the 263 images in the 1981 data set for Region B/C was initiated. The spatial morphology of some of these images revealed the presence of the forward sodium cloud (Region B) and the directional features (Region C) as expected. Plans for the second quarter to initiate preliminary modeling analysis and to define further data processing are discussed

Exact Nonperturbative Unitary Amplitudes for 1->N Transitions

I present an extension to arbitrary N of a previously proposed field theoretic model, in which unitary amplitudes for $1->8$ processes were obtained. The Born amplitude in this extension has the behavior $A(1->N)^{tree}\ =\ g^{N-1}\ N!$ expected in a bosonic field theory. Unitarity is violated when $|A(1->N)|>1$, or when $N>\N_crit\simeq e/g.$ Numerical solutions of the coupled Schr\"odinger equations shows that for weak coupling and a large range of N>\ncrit, the exact unitary amplitude is reasonably fit by a factorized expression |A(1->N)| \sim (0.73 /N) \cdot \exp{(-0.025/\g2)}. The very small size of the coefficient 1/\g2 , indicative of a very weak exponential suppression, is not in accord with standard discussions based on saddle point analysis, which give a coefficient $\sim 1.\$ The weak dependence on $N$ could have experimental implications in theories where the exponential suppression is weak (as in this model). Non-perturbative contributions to few-point correlation functions in this theory would arise at order $K\ \simeq\ \left((0.05/\g2)+ 2\ ln{N}\right)/ \ ln{(1/\g2)}$in an expansion in powers of$\g2.$Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures (not included

Constructing computer virus phylogenies

There has been much recent algorithmic work on the problem of reconstructing the evolutionary history of biological species. Computer virus specialists are interested in finding the evolutionary history of computer viruses - a virus is often written using code fragments from one or more other viruses, which are its immediate ancestors. A phylogeny for a collection of computer viruses is a directed acyclic graph whose nodes are the viruses and whose edges map ancestors to descendants and satisfy the property that each code fragment is "invented" only once. To provide a simple explanation for the data, we consider the problem of constructing such a phylogeny with a minimum number of edges. In general this optimization problem is NP-complete; some associated approximation problems are also hard, but others are easy. When tree solutions exist, they can be constructed and randomly sampled in polynomial time

Exciton mediated one phonon resonant Raman scattering from one-dimensional systems

We use the Kramers-Heisenberg approach to derive a general expression for the resonant Raman scattering cross section from a one-dimensional (1D) system explicitly accounting for excitonic effects. The result should prove useful for analyzing the Raman resonance excitation profile lineshapes for a variety of 1D systems including carbon nanotubes and semiconductor quantum wires. We apply this formalism to a simple 1D model system to illustrate the similarities and differences between the free electron and correlated electron-hole theories.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure

Ion composition and drift observations in the nighttime equatorial ionosphere

The first in situ measurements of ion composition in the nighttime equatorial E and F region ionospheres (90-300 km) are presented and discussed. These profiles were obtained by two rocket-borne ion mass spectrometers launched from Thumba, India on March 9-10, 1970 at solar zenith angles of 112 deg and 165 deg. Ionosonde data established that the composition was measured at times bounding a period of F region downward drift. During this period the ions O(+) and N(+) were enhanced by one to three orders of magnitude between 220 and 300 km. Below the drift region (200 km), O(+) ceased to be the major ionic constituent, but the concentrations of O(+) and N(+) remained larger than predicted from known radiation sources and loss processes. Here also, both the O2(+) and NO(+) profiles retained nearly the same shape and magnitude throughout the night in agreement with theories assuming scattered UV radiation to be the maintaining source. Light metallic ions including Mg(+), Na(+) and possibly Si(+) were observed to altitude approaching 300 km, while the heavier ions Ca(+) and K(+) were seen in reduced quantity to 200 km. All metal ion profiles exhibited changes which can be ascribed to vertical drifting

Efficient Implementation of a Synchronous Parallel Push-Relabel Algorithm

Motivated by the observation that FIFO-based push-relabel algorithms are able to outperform highest label-based variants on modern, large maximum flow problem instances, we introduce an efficient implementation of the algorithm that uses coarse-grained parallelism to avoid the problems of existing parallel approaches. We demonstrate good relative and absolute speedups of our algorithm on a set of large graph instances taken from real-world applications. On a modern 40-core machine, our parallel implementation outperforms existing sequential implementations by up to a factor of 12 and other parallel implementations by factors of up to 3