INVESTIGATION OF WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF PLASMA NITRIDED X40CrMoV5-1 HIGH ALLOY STEEL

X40CrMoV5-1 high-alloyed steel was plasma nitrided for different treatment times (3h, 5h and 7h) and temperatures (450, 500 and 550 degrees C) under at a constant gas mixture (75% H-2 + 25% N-2). The plasma nitriding properties of X40CrMoV5-1 high-alloyed steel have been examined by evaluating phase composition, hardness profile, compound layer thickness, case depth and wear strength. It was found that double layers (compound and diffusion) formed on the surface of the samples and increasing of treatment time and temperature has increased the layers thicknesses. It was found that plasma nitriding improves the wear strength, which depends on thicknesses and hardness of the diffusion layer, but the compound layer reduces the wear resistance by breaking off and forming abrasive particles because of the high hardness

Long-term motor and sensory outcomes after surgery for infantile esotropia

Background/Aim. Infantile esotropia (ET), entitled as congenital ET, is defined as an alternating, cross-fixational ET that occurs within the first 6 months of life. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term motor and sensory outcomes after surgical correction of patients with infantile ET. Methods. Medical records of 108 consecutive children who had bimedial rectus recession (BMR) initially for ET were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups: the group I, surgery before one-year old; the group II, surgery between one and two-year old; the group III, surgery after two-year old. Results. No significant differences were determined among the groups for preoperative mean angle of deviation and refractive error (p > 0.05, for both). Development rate of dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) was greater (40%) in the group I, and the relationship between the rate of DVD and the timing of the initial surgery was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Risk for additional surgery was significantly greater in patients with a younger mean age at initial surgery (p = 0.01). Although measurable stereopsis rate was higher in the group I (35%, 32.4%, 27.8%, respectively) the difference among the groups was insignificant (p = 0.80). Conclusion. Patients with ET have limited potential of high grade stereoacuity despite the early alignment of eyes. Early surgery also has potential effects for the development of both inferior oblique overaction and DVD earlier

Efficacy of pomades containing different percentages of enilconazole in the treatment of bovine dermatophytosis

Background - Enilconazole is a broad-spectrum topical antimycotic agent used for the management of bovine dermatophytosis

Shiga Toxin-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome and Unexpected Course

Hemolytic uremic syndrome is a disease that often requires the transfusion of blood products. A child (two and a half years old, boy) with Shiga toxin-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome who developed respiratory distress after transfusion is presented. The patient was diagnosed with Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) after eliminating other possibilities. Transfusions may be complicated by a low rate of potential fatal transfusion-related reactions like TRALI

The Effects of Mobile Phone Exposure on Mast Cells in Rat Dura Mater

Mercantepe, Tolga/0000-0002-8506-1755WOS: 000466984400050Mobile phone use has increased rapidly. the central nervous system has been shown to be adversely affected by its electromagnetic field (EMF) resulting in headache and sleep disturbances. How the cells make up the CNS and are affected by EMF is unclear. However, because of their central role in inflammation through diverse stimuli including radiation, this study aimed to investigate the effects of electromagnetic fields induced by mobile phones on mast cells in rat dura mater. A total of 18 adult, female, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. the choice of female rats for his study was based on recent surveys demonstrating that mobile phone use is more frequent and prolonged among females. the study group was exposed to 900 MHz electromagnetic field (1 h/day for 45 days). in the end of the study, duramater tissue was extracted and stained using Toluidine blue. Mast cells were counted and results were analysed using Student t test. Mean mast cell number was 202.33 +/- 982 and 456.78 +/- 35.01 in the control and study groups, respectively (p0.05). the study showed that mobile phone exposure increased mast cell number and degranulation in rat dura mater. Further studies arc required to evaluate the clinical implications of these findings

Protective Effect of Thymoquinone in Experimental Testicular Torsion

Objectives: To investigate the protective role of thymoquinone (TQ) on unilateral testicular ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. Materials and Methods: Experiments were performed on male C57BL/6 mice (8 weeks old, 20-25 g). The animals were divided into 3 groups including 6 mice in each group: control (sham), torsion/detorsion (TD) and TD+TQ. Mice, except the sham-operated group, were subjected to left unilateral torsion (720 degrees rotation in the clockwise direction). The experiments were finished after sham operation time for controls, 120 min torsion and 240 min detorsion for the other groups. In the TD+TQ group 10 mg TQ was injected intraperitoneally 30 min before detorsion. Results: In the TD group total oxidative stress (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were higher than in the controls. TQ treatment decreased MDA, TOS and OSI values, but did not affect the total antioxidant capacity and myeloperoxidase activity in the TD+TQ group. Upon histological examination, mice in the TD group displayed moderate-to-severe disruption of the seminiferous epithelium. Treatment with TQ resulted in significantly reduced histological damage associated with I/R injury. Conclusion: Our results suggested that TQ treatment may have a protective effect on testicular I/R injury. Copyright (C) 2010 S. Karger AG, Base

Effectiveness of the Local Application of 1% Tioconazole in the Treatment of Bovine Dermatophytosis

This study consisted of twenty-five dermatophytotic cattle, aged 1.5-11 months obtained from Kars province and its surrounding, diagnosed as dermatophytosis following clinical and microbiologically. All animals were divided into two groups; trial group (n=15) and control group (n=10). The skin lesions of the trial animals were treated using a pomade containing 1% tioconazole once daily for a period of 5 days. In 12 of the trial animals the amount of keratinized tissue found in the dermatophytosis lesions decreased significantly following the 3rd application and had disappeared completely after the 5th application. On the other hand, the remaining 3 animals in the trial group were applied the medicament seven times due to the persistence of keratinized tissue in the lesions. In all of the animals administered with tioconazole, new hair growth in the site of the lesions resumed in the 3rd-4th weeks and complete recovery occurred within 7-8 weeks. In conclusion, 1% tioconazole, used for the first time for the treatment of bovine dermatophytosis in this study was found to be rather effective owing to its ease of application and strong therapeutic effect