Assessment of the Relationship between Digit Lengths and Circumferences of the Waist and Hip Amongst Ugandans

Abstract: In human hand the second Digit (2D) and the fourth Digit (4D) present a pattern of approximate symmetry around the central axis of the third digit. Many individuals have longer 2D than 4D (2D>1) and many have longer 4D than 2D 2D:4D<1). The former ratio is more common in females and the later ratio is more in males. The 2D:4D ratio is fixed at an early age. There is evidence that 2D:4D is negatively associated with prenatal testosterone and positively with prenatal estrogen and that this ratio differs between male and female and different ethnic groups, with low values found in Black populations. This study sought to assess the relationship between sexually dimorphic traits established early in life and those established at puberty amongst Ugandans in Ishaka Bushenyi. One sixty nine males and one fifty four females Ugandans in Bushenyi district were used for this study. Anthropometric tape was used to measure waist and hip circumferences, a digital venier caliper was used to measure the lengths of the digit. Using Pearson's correlation, the lengths of the right index or second finger in females was found to have a positive correlation with the hip circumference while the length of the ring or fourth finger in the males was found to have a positive correlation with the waist circumference. This suggests that the lengths of the digit established early in life are positively correlated with the increased waist circumference in males and increased hip circumference in females that occur at puberty. Implying that the sexually dimorphic traits that appear in life during puberty under the influence of testosterone and estrogen is positively correlated with the sexually dimorphic traits that appear early in life due to prenatal exposure to the androgen

Indicators of Effective Social Care Interventions Administered to Looked-After Youths and Children

This study is based on a review of literature on social interventions given to children and the youth in institutional contexts. From the review, the study reports that the efficacy of social interventions may be ascertained by the presence of the following indicators in looked-after children: attachment to caregivers and peers, social connectedness, interpersonal competence, sense of autonomy. Based on these results, the study recommends that institutions of care need to develop a framework for evaluating their social programmes that integrate these indicators. Such an evaluation programme would offer a comprehensive framework for enhancing programme efficiency and continuous improvements of the standards of care given to looked-after youths and children. Despite being based on a review of literature, this study make important suggestions on the most effective ways for helping looked-after youths to cope with life’s difficulties now and in the future. The paper may help care homes to provide an environment conducive for social restoration and nurturing of healthy youths and children. This forms an important foundation to the holistic development of youths and their ability to achieve success in school, work, and social interactions. The study also provides useful information to the government, scholars and other child-care stakeholders on the actual effect of the social interventions on development of resilience factors like optimism, active coping, hardiness and purpose in life

Monograph & iconograph of native British Orchidace,

193

Complaining but not Forsaken: Native American Women and Romantic Complaint

Although Romantic poetry is touted for its melancholic and introspective nature, the presence of complaint poetry in this period has been paid little attention by scholars. Embracing an aesthetic of lament, the mode’s primary intention is to amplify the speaker’s grief and / or protest to a given circumstance or event, privileging the subjective “I” as the central voice of the poem. More commonly known as a mode used by early modern male poets to imagine the grievances of the opposite sex, this thesis considers a poetics of Romantic complaint, looking at two distinct, but intimately connected groups of writers. Chapter one identifies three British Romantic poets – William Wordsworth, Robert Southey, and Felicia Hemans – to discuss why they adopted complaint to literarily (note not literally) place themselves in the shoes of the Other: the “forsaken” Native American woman. Simultaneously sympathetic and reprehensible under the British feminine model, this Romantic Indian woman figure embodied the simplicity and “spontaneity” idealised by these British poets, who thereby fabricated her lamenting voice to complement their poetic projects of ballad and song restoration in the name of creating an identifiably British national literature. The mode of complaint and the voice of the Romantic Indian woman are thus argued to be integral to the formation of Romantic poiesis, this chapter emphasising how, by appropriating the voice of the female Other, these poets attempted to establish a sense of British literary identity. Redressing the fictionalised portraits cast by these British-authored complaints, this thesis then turns to the poetry of actual Native American women writing during and after the Romantic era. Paralleling (although not descending from) the female-authored, female-voiced complaints of early modern women in Europe, the demotic, woeful rhetoric of complaint becomes a similarly powerful tool for a number of Native American women, whose work offers a diverse range of laments from land loss and cultural displacement, to the death of children and the experience of motherhood. Chapter two of this thesis concentrates on a body of complaint poetry by Bamewawagezhikaquay, or Jane Johnston Schoolcraft, a central figure in both Native American and Romantic literature in America. Building on the arguments I make here, chapter three then expands out to offer case studies of the complaints written by four Native women: E. Pauline Johnson (Kanienʼkehá꞉ ka or Mohawk); Ruth Margaret Muskrat (Cherokee); Zitkala-Ša (Yankton Sioux); and Mabel Washbourne Anderson (Cherokee). Acknowledging the centrality of rhetorical sovereignty and kinship to the lives and writings of these women, this thesis determines a way of accessing their English-written poems via the frame of Romantic complaint. In doing so, we can consider a tradition of female-voiced complaint that is not necessarily self-conscious in its construction, but nevertheless vital to how we think about and study Native American literature, women’s writing, and, of course, Romantic literature.</p

GGE Analysis of Multi-Location Yield Trial of Ginger (Zingiber officianale Rosc.) Genotypes in South-Eastern, Nigeria

Multi-location trials were conducted in 2016 and 2017 at Calabar, Ikom and Ogoja in Cross River State, Nigeria, to determine the yield stability of 17 ginger genotypes (G1–G17) using genotype and genotype by environment (GGE) biplot model. The location and year combination gave six environments (E1–E6). The experiment was laid out in split plots using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Yield related traits like rhizome fingers, rhizome length, and rhizome yield were determined. E3 (i.e. Ikom in 2016) was ranked as the ideal environment for ginger production in Cross River State. While G5 (UGI-5-04) was classified as the ideal genotype for rhizome yield in Calabar, Ikom and Ogoja. Ikom in 2016 (E3) and 2017 (E4) were identified as mega-environments for UG1-13-02, UG1-5-04, UG1-5-18, UG1-5-35, UG1-5-38, UG2-11-03 and UG2-9-01 while Ogoja in 2016 (E5) and 2017 (E6) were identified as mega-environments for UG1-2-35, UG1-5-48, UG1-5-52 and UG1-7-24 ginger mutants. Ikom is recommended as a suitable environment for the cultivation of generally adapted ginger genotypes namely, UG1-5-04, UG1-5-38, UG1-13-02 and UG2-9-01). Ogoja was suitable for specific adaptation of UG1-7-24 and UG1-5-48 ginger mutants. These mutants are recommended for consideration in subsequent ginger breeding and improvement programmes

GGE Analysis of Multi-Location Yield Trial of Ginger (Zingiber officianale Rosc.) Genotypes in South-Eastern, Nigeria

Multi-location trials were conducted in 2016 and 2017 at Calabar, Ikom and Ogoja in Cross River State, Nigeria, to determine the yield stability of 17 ginger genotypes (G1–G17) using genotype and genotype by environment (GGE) biplot model. The location and year combination gave six environments (E1–E6). The experiment was laid out in split plots using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Yield related traits like rhizome fingers, rhizome length, and rhizome yield were determined. E3 (i.e. Ikom in 2016) was ranked as the ideal environment for ginger production in Cross River State. While G5 (UGI-5-04) was classified as the ideal genotype for rhizome yield in Calabar, Ikom and Ogoja. Ikom in 2016 (E3) and 2017 (E4) were identified as mega-environments for UG1-13-02, UG1-5-04, UG1-5-18, UG1-5-35, UG1-5-38, UG2-11-03 and UG2-9-01 while Ogoja in 2016 (E5) and 2017 (E6) were identified as mega-environments for UG1-2-35, UG1-5-48, UG1-5-52 and UG1-7-24 ginger mutants. Ikom is recommended as a suitable environment for the cultivation of generally adapted ginger genotypes namely, UG1-5-04, UG1-5-38, UG1-13-02 and UG2-9-01). Ogoja was suitable for specific adaptation of UG1-7-24 and UG1-5-48 ginger mutants. These mutants are recommended for consideration in subsequent ginger breeding and improvement programmes