4 research outputs found
Chilenopeptins A and B, Peptaibols from the Chilean <i>Sepedonium</i> aff. <i>chalcipori</i> KSH 883
The Chilean <i>Sepedonium</i> aff. <i>chalcipori</i> strain KSH 883, isolated from the
endemic <i>Boletus loyo</i> Philippi, was studied in a polythetic
approach based on chemical,
molecular, and biological data. A taxonomic study of the strain using
molecular data of the ITS, EF1-α, and RPB2 barcoding genes confirmed
the position of the isolated strain within the <i>S. chalcipori</i> clade, but also suggested the separation of this clade into three
different species. Two new linear 15-residue peptaibols, named chilenopeptins
A (<b>1</b>) and B (<b>2</b>), together with the known
peptaibols tylopeptins A (<b>3</b>) and B (<b>4</b>) were
isolated from the semisolid culture of strain KSH 883. The structures
of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> were elucidated on the basis
of HRESIMS<sup><i>n</i></sup> experiments in conjunction
with comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis. Thus, the sequence of chilenopeptin
A (<b>1</b>) was identified as Ac-Aib<sup>1</sup>-Ser<sup>2</sup>-<b><u>Trp</u></b><sup><b>3</b></sup>-Aib<sup>4</sup>-Pro<sup>5</sup>-Leu<sup>6</sup>-Aib<sup>7</sup>-Aib<sup>8</sup>-Gln<sup>9</sup>-Aib<sup>10</sup>-Aib<sup>11</sup>-Gln<sup>12</sup>-Aib<sup>13</sup>-Leu<sup>14</sup>-Pheol<sup>15</sup>, while
chilenopeptin B (<b>2</b>) differs from <b>1</b> by the
replacement of Trp<sup>3</sup> by Phe<sup>3</sup>. Additionally, the
total synthesis of <b>1</b> and <b>2</b> was accomplished
by a solid-phase approach, confirming the absolute configuration of
all chiral amino acids as l. Both the chilenopeptins (<b>1</b> and <b>2</b>) and tylopeptins (<b>3</b> and <b>4</b>) were evaluated for their potential to inhibit the growth
of phytopathogenic organisms
Expression of Guanylyl Cyclase (GC)-A and GC-B during Brain Development: Evidence for a Role of GC-B in Perinatal Neurogenesis
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination modelling for safe surgery to save lives: data from an international prospective cohort study
Background Preoperative SARS-CoV-2 vaccination could support safer elective surgery. Vaccine numbers are limited so this study aimed to inform their prioritization by modelling. Methods The primary outcome was the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) to prevent one COVID-19-related death in 1 year. NNVs were based on postoperative SARS-CoV-2 rates and mortality in an international cohort study (surgical patients), and community SARS-CoV-2 incidence and case fatality data (general population). NNV estimates were stratified by age (18-49, 50-69, 70 or more years) and type of surgery. Best- and worst-case scenarios were used to describe uncertainty. Results NNVs were more favourable in surgical patients than the general population. The most favourable NNVs were in patients aged 70 years or more needing cancer surgery (351; best case 196, worst case 816) or non-cancer surgery (733; best case 407, worst case 1664). Both exceeded the NNV in the general population (1840; best case 1196, worst case 3066). NNVs for surgical patients remained favourable at a range of SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates in sensitivity analysis modelling. Globally, prioritizing preoperative vaccination of patients needing elective surgery ahead of the general population could prevent an additional 58 687 (best case 115 007, worst case 20 177) COVID-19-related deaths in 1 year. Conclusion As global roll out of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination proceeds, patients needing elective surgery should be prioritized ahead of the general population.The aim of this study was to inform vaccination prioritization by modelling the impact of vaccination on elective inpatient surgery. The study found that patients aged at least 70 years needing elective surgery should be prioritized alongside other high-risk groups during early vaccination programmes. Once vaccines are rolled out to younger populations, prioritizing surgical patients is advantageous