VIDEO STREAMING WITH GIGABIT PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORK TECHNOLOGY

Perkembangan teknologi berpengaruh kepada kebutuhan user untuk mengakses data lebih cepat, perlahan sistem dengan menggunakan Fiber Optic mulai menggeser posisi kabel tembaga dalam transmisi data karena lebih cepat. Tren user saat ini adalah membutuhkan transmisi data yang lebih cepat dan lebih besar, seperti Video Streaming. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat system Video Streaming dengan infrastruktur GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network). Dalam penelitian dilakukan konfigurasi Video Streaming dengan GPON kemudian juga dilakukan dengan system Ethernet. Keduanya dibandingkan dengan parameter kecepatan dan frame rate untuk Video Streaming. Hasil yang dapat diperoleh dari penelitian dengan menggunakan system GPON adalah kestabilan untuk melakukan Streaming Video dibandingkan Ethernet

Chapter 9 Multilevel governance of the “refugee crisis” in Germany

"This book provides a comparative overview of asylum seekers’ reception throughout Europe by adopting a theoretical framework based on an analytical approach to the notion of multilevel governance. It challenges the tendency of the multilevel governance literature to overlook political controversies and conflicts and questions the assumption that it represents the best policymaking arrangement for promoting policy convergence. In doing so, it explores the functioning of the reception component of the Common European Asylum System in centralised states and federal/regional states and analyses its implementation at both national and local levels. The book reveals the heterogeneous development of reception policies not only across Member States but also within each country where solutions adopted at the local level generally diverge substantially. Furthermore, the overall centralization of policymaking on reception regardless the institutional structure, seems to leave little room for MLG arrangements tailored to specific localities and triggers tensions between central governments and local authorities. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of migration and asylum studies, immigration, (multilevel) global governance and more broadly to comparative politics, European studies/politics, and public policy.

Transnational Social Capital in Migration: The example of Educational Migration between Bulgaria and Germany

Focusing on student migration from Bulgaria to Germany, this article examines what types of social capital are accumulated, transformed and implemented through migration, who profits from the investment, and how. The empirical work consists of 60 narrative biographical interviews with migrants and returnees to Bulgaria. The research reveals that the accumulation and investment of social capital takes place throughout the migratory trajectory - starting well before leaving - and is embedded in a transnational social space. Transnational networks exist as family, peer and professional networks, and all of them have a specific meaning for the migrants. Family networks are naturally present; they provide bonding social capital and thus have a stabilizing function for the individual’s identity. Professional networks have a strongly bridging function, helping the young migrants to manage status transitions. After return the transnational social capital acquired during the migratory stay helps returnees to re-integrate and find their way into the Bulgarian labour market. It also encourages them to pursue activities which are meaningful for civil society development, or for innovative (social) entrepreneurship. Thus, transnational social capital helps migrants to align their biographical development to the future, considering the post-transformative environment of Bulgaria, thereby helping to manage transformative changes and supporting societal modernization processes

Clean Seas Maritime Technology Network: Inventarisatie uitgevoerde studies

Zowel bedrijven als kennisinstellingen in de maritieme sector werken de laatste jaren hard aan het ‘vergroenen’ van scheepvaart en offshore activiteiten. Om deze initiatieven te bundelen is door het Maritiem Kennis Centrum het Clean Sea Shipping programma ontwikkeld (bij sommigen beter bekend als de Maritieme Milieubalans). Om dit programma tot uitvoering te laten komen is met financiering uit het Maritiem Innovatie Programma (MIP) een thematisch netwerk in het leven geroepen met de titel ‘Clean Seas Maritime Technology Network’. De kern van daadwerkelijke verduurzaming van de sector ligt in een integrale benadering van de verbetering van de milieuprestaties. Hierbij wordt niet alleen gekeken naar gasvormige emissies, maar tegelijkertijd ook naar bijvoorbeeld de uitloging uit aangroeiwerende coatings, emissie van geluid of de lozing van ballastwater. Op dit moment is een dergelijke integrale benadering nog niet beschikbaar. Het doel van dit Maritiem Technologie Netwerk (MTN) is het overdragen van kennis en informatie die nu specifiek bij kennisinstellingen op maritiem en marien technologisch gebied aanwezig is, onderling en naar industrie, zodat deze partijen met elkaar in staat zijn vorm te geven aan de ontwikkeling en implementatie van deze integrale benadering

Biologische Monitoring Zoete Rijkswateren: microverontreinigingen in driehoeksmosselen - 2009

In het kader van de Biologische Monitoring Zoete Rijkswateren is in 2009 een actieve biologische monitoring (ABM) onderzoek uitgevoerd met driehoeksmosselen (Dreissena polymorpha) in een aantal zoete Rijkswateren. Het betreft een uitvoering van het deelproject "Microverontreinigingen in driehoeksmosselen 2006-2009” dat in opdracht van Rijkswaterstaat Waterdienst (voorheen RIZA) Lelystad wordt uitgevoerd door IMARES te IJmuiden. In dit rapport worden de analyseresultaten besproken van 2009 en een korte beschouwing gegeven van de gehele onderzoeksperiode. Voor de actieve biologische monitoring werden driehoeksmosselen afkomstig van een relatief schone locatie (Zeughoek, IJsselmeer) gedurende zes weken uitgezet in de te monitoren locaties waarvan men inzicht wil hebben in het gehalte aan microverontreinigingen in het oppervlaktewater

Actieve biologische Monitoring Zoete Rijkswateren: microverontreinigingen in driehoeksmosselen - 2010

In het kader van de Biologische Monitoring Zoete Rijkswateren is in 2010 een actieve biologische monitoring (ABM) onderzoek uitgevoerd met driehoeksmosselen (Dreissena polymorpha) in een aantal zoete Rijkswateren. Het betreft de uitvoering van het deelproject "Microverontreinigingen in driehoeksmosselen 2010”. In dit rapport worden de analyseresultaten van het monitorprogramma besproken evenals het resultaat van een extra eenmalig onderzoek naar het effect van verwatering. Voor de actieve biologische monitoring werden driehoeksmosselen afkomstig van een relatief schone locatie (Zeughoek, IJsselmeer) gedurende zes weken uitgezet in de te monitoren locaties waarvan men inzicht wil hebben in het gehalte aan microverontreinigingen in het oppervlaktewater

Locational Choice and Secondary Movements from the Perspective of Forced Migrants: A Comparison of the Destinations Luxembourg and Germany

In 2015 and 2016, the enormous increase in asylum seekers travelling along the Balkan Route confronted the Member States of the European Union with an exceptional pressure on national asylum systems. Since then academic literature has revealed a reappraisal of the Common European Asylum System at regulative and policy implementation level, notably regarding the fair distribution of asylum seekers across Member States and regions. Yet we know very little about the locational choices of forced migrants or how those choices evolved and transformed during their journey. In this paper, we aim to shed light on those decision-making processes and (individual, subjective) locational choices based on the aspiration-ability model, drawing from a series of qualitative interviews with migrants held in Luxembourg and Germany in the context of the H2020 project CEASEVAL. We focus on the migrants' journeys to their actual recipient countries, highlighting mobility trajectories from the moment of first departure and on the process of decision-making regarding their choice of location. Then, we examine further mobility aspirations, which may lead to secondary mobility within or out of the country of residence. In the concluding section, we discuss the consequences of our findings for migration and asylum politics against the background of the "autonomy of migration" framework

Transnacionalni društveni prostori poljskih migranata u Leipzigu (Njemačka)

One phenomenon of globalisation is the transnationalization of migrants and migrant communities, creating new social fields and new identities between country of origin and country of settlement. This paper presents the preliminary results of a research project on transnational migration between Poland and the German city of Leipzig. It aims to identify aspects of transnationality and wants to show the transnational social spaces inhabited by the migrants. The analysis of the qualitative and quantitative data is done along a model of transnationality, differentiating between three spheres which refer to physical, cultural and identity movements of the migrants. It provides some empirical evidence of the interdependency between migration motives, duration of migration and several socio-economic variables on the one hand and the variations of transnationality on the other. The paper also raises the question of the implications of transnationalization for the European nation building process and suggests that transnational identity formations might serve as a model for a future European citizenship.Transnacionalizacija migranata i migrantskih zajednica, koja pritom stvara nova društvena polja i nove identitete između zemalja podrijetla i zemalja naseljavanja, fenomen je svojstven globalizaciji. U radu su predstavljeni preliminarni rezultati istraživačkoga projekta o transnacionalnoj migraciji između Poljske i njemačkoga grada Leipziga. Namjera je identificirati aspekte transnacionalnosti i prikazati transnacionalne društvene prostore nastanjene migrantima. Analiza kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih podataka slijedi model transnacionalnosti, te razlučuje tri sfere koje se odnose na fizička, kulturna i identitetska kretanja među migrantima. Izloženi su neki empirijski dokazi međuovisnosti migracijskih motiva, trajanja migracije i nekoliko društveno-ekonomskih varijabli s jedne strane, te varijacije transnacionalnosti s druge. Postavlja se i pitanje implikacija transnacionalizacije na proces izgradnje europske nacije te se sugerira da bi oblici transnacionalnoga identiteta mogli poslužiti kao model za buduće europsko državljanstvo

Chapter 6 The multilevel governance of asylum seekers’ reception in Germany and the role of the local level

"This book provides a comparative overview of asylum seekers’ reception throughout Europe by adopting a theoretical framework based on an analytical approach to the notion of multilevel governance. It challenges the tendency of the multilevel governance literature to overlook political controversies and conflicts and questions the assumption that it represents the best policymaking arrangement for promoting policy convergence. In doing so, it explores the functioning of the reception component of the Common European Asylum System in centralised states and federal/regional states and analyses its implementation at both national and local levels. The book reveals the heterogeneous development of reception policies not only across Member States but also within each country where solutions adopted at the local level generally diverge substantially. Furthermore, the overall centralization of policymaking on reception regardless the institutional structure, seems to leave little room for MLG arrangements tailored to specific localities and triggers tensions between central governments and local authorities. This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of migration and asylum studies, immigration, (multilevel) global governance and more broadly to comparative politics, European studies/politics, and public policy.