International Public Opinion, Perception, and Understanding of Global Climate Change

human development, climate change

Exploring Supermarket Loyalty Card Analysis to Identify Who Buys Fairtrade

The aim of this paper is to show how supermarket loyalty card data from a panel of over 1.7 million shoppers can be analysed to provide behavioural segmentation insights to profile the fairtrade shopper in order to enhance making targeted marketing decisions. The paper demonstrates the huge marketing potential that loyalty card based shopper segmentation can bring to objectively describe who buys fairtrade products, compared to profiling shoppers with claimed/reported behaviour dataset. A pairedsamples t-test is used to test the degree of appeal of fairtrade tea, coffee, chocolate, drinking chocolates, banana and sugar categories in Tesco to life-stage and lifestyle shopper segments in terms of their retail sales values over 104 weeks. The results show that analysing loyalty cards based on actual behaviour provides a more detailed picture of how specific fairtrade food product categories appeal to the various life-stage and lifestyle shopper segments

Environmentally conscious consumption patterns in Hungarian households

This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the theoretical aspects of sustainable consumption. The conditions for consumers’ social responsibility and the formation of environmentally conscious behavior patterns will also be discussed, along with possible methods for motivating behavioral changes. The authors have completed a primary research study with the purpose of surveying environmentally conscious consumption patterns in Hungary. They also examined how the provision of appropriate information and the raising of awareness might encourage sustainable consumption. According to their findings, the respondents’ knowledge on environmentally conscious behavior was rather limited, and reinforcement was needed in identifying appropriate activity alternatives. This paper provides a summary of the qualitative research phase which employed in-depth interviews, logging and focus groups. The consecutive application of these methods enabled the authors to keep track of the process and the consequences of raising awareness

The dog that did not bark: Anti-Americanism and the financial crisis

The financial crisis that erupted in September 2008 seemed to confirm all the worst stereotypes about the United States held abroad: that Americans are bold, greedy, and selfish to excess; that they are hypocrites, staunch defenders of the free market ready to bail out their own companies; and that the US has long been the architect and primary beneficiary of the global economic system. So the crisis had an enormous potential for deteriorating further the global image of the United States, already at an all-time high during the George W. Bush era. Yet anti-American sentiments did not surge worldwide as a result of the crisis, neither at the level of public opinion, nor at the level of actions and policy responses by foreign policy-makers. This paper explains why the dog did not bark and reawaken anti-Americanism in the process. The central argument is that this potential anti-Americanism has been mitigated by several factors, including the election of Obama, the new face of globalization, and the perception of the relative decline of US power coupled with the rise of China, which suggests that the “post-American” world may be accompanied by a “post-anti-American” world, at least in Europe

Fairtrade Consumers and “Global South” Producers Supply Chain Management

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of the following article: Fred Yamoah, ‘Fairtrade Consumers and “Global South” Producers Supply Chain Management’, African Journal of Business and Economic Research, Vol. 11 (2-3): 35-52, November 2016. The final, published version is available online at http://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC197613. © Publisher: Adonis & Abbey PublishersFairtrade supply chains lack information linking commodity producers with Fairtrade shopper behaviour. This paper aims to show how supermarket loyalty card data of over 1.7 million shoppers can be analysed using paired-samples t-test analysis to objectively profile the Fairtrade shopper and address its supply chain management implications. The paper demonstrates the huge marketing potential that segmentation based on actual behaviour brings to supply chain management. The results show that global South producers – including those in Africa – have more incentive to adopt a supply chain orientation by understanding the characteristics of Fairtrade shoppers that drive consumer satisfaction and repeat buying behaviour.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Popular Attitudes, Globalization, and Risk

Popular opposition to globalization may be interpreted as xenophobia or hostility to market economics and signal country risk, including the degree of security risk - the possibility that local staff of facilities could be subject to discriminatory treatment, harassment, or attack. This paper integrates the Pew Global Attitudes data into a series of economic models on foreign direct investment (FDI), sovereign ratings, and local entrepreneurship and finds that some responses correlate with economic variables of interest, conveying information beyond what can be explained through standard models. More tolerant countries attract more FDI, obtain better ratings, and exhibit more entrepreneurship.Globalization, risk, foreign direct investment, sovereign ratings, entrepreneurship

Profit and purpose: the case for sustainable luxury fashion

The development of the fashion industry into a large-scale multinational operation and the resulting potential for damage to planet and people has attracted the attention of environmental and social activists since at least the 1960s, but consumers on the whole remain broadly ignorant of how their personal fashion purchases and widespread industry practices contribute to negative environmental and social impact (Connell and Kozar, 2014). The luxury sector, in particular, has much to lose in terms of reputation by revelations of exploitation and irresponsible environmental actions along the supply chain, given that much of its premium-pricing is based on notions of authenticity and quality production (Kapferer and Bastien, 2012). Previously, a focus on eco or sustainable fashion was seen as marginal or niche, but more recently consumers demonstrate a desire for greener products creating potential for businesses to work for profit and purpose (Ottman, 2011). This change has resulted in a new hybrid business model- the social enterprise- which adds value by meeting market needs and wants through responsible business and employment practices (Radclyffe-Thomas and Roncha, 2016). Tengri, a London-based luxury knitwear label is one such social enterprise business and this paper explores social enterprise in the luxury sector through a case study of Tengri’s business model that combines social and environmental awareness with luxury product development to create a virtuous cycle of ethical fashion production and consumption. Founder Nancy Johnston was inspired by her experiences travelling with Mongolia’s yak herders where she was confronted with the harshness of the nomadic way of life and threats to its continuing existence from land degradation and exploitative business practices. She was driven to action when she juxtaposed these conditions with the promoted glamour of the luxury fashion industry, which relies on supplies of ingredients from just such workers in supply chains that stretch across the globe. Informed by primary research with Tengri and industry experts supplemented with analysis of Tengri’s business, product development and marketing materials, this paper investigates how Tengri works to balance environmental and social engagement with launching a start-up luxury business aimed at engaging the new global sustainable luxury consumers, a group described by Caroline Holme Director of Globescan as the ‘Aspirational’ consumer – a segment that combines a desire to be ethical with a love of style, design and shopping, particularly prevalent in emerging markets. Keywords: sustainability, luxury, fashion, social-enterprise, innovatio

Weathering the Storm: The State of Corporate Citizenship in the United States 2009

Presents results of a biennial survey of senior executives on support for various forms of corporate citizenship, challenges of integrating corporate citizenship into core business practices, effects of the recession, and partnerships to address issues

Öffentliche Beurteilung des internationalen Einflusses ausgewählter Staaten

Stand 2. Juni 201

SWEEPING THE SOFT POWER PODIUM: A QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF OLYMPIC SOFT POWER'S IMPACT ON THE HOST NATION’S INTERNATIONAL IMAGE

In February 2022, China will host the Winter Olympics in Beijing. During historical periods of international tension, nations use these types of mega-events as an extension of geopolitical competition to exercise soft power strategies and advance national interests. This thesis analyzes four Olympic case studies (2008 Beijing, 2010 Vancouver, 2012 London, and 2014 Sochi), using public international favorability polling to explore how Olympic hosts influence global perceptions and determine the measurable effects. Quantitative analysis of these factors reveals a strong correlation between increased international favorability ratings and hosting the Olympics, particularly when compared to non-Olympic hosted years. Considering the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, the 2028 Los Angeles Summer Olympics, and future mega-event bids, this thesis provides associated recommendations to support the U.S. national and defense strategy shift toward strategic competition. These suggestions focus on sports diplomacy; promoting the culture and values of the allied host nation vice host city; publicly refuting an adversary host's false strategic narrative via media and government channels; and solutions to increase allied Olympic bidding that mitigate historical adverse financial, social, and environmental effects. Lastly, the thesis provides a metric to track and analyze mega-event soft power effects to shape future strategy.Lieutenant Commander, United States NavyApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited