Populism, inequality and representation: Negotiating ‘the 99%’ with Occupy London

When Occupy London emerged with a global wave of protest movements in October 2011, it embodied and advanced discursive forms that have characterised the unsettling of political consensus following the financial crisis. The central claim that ‘We are the 99%’ staged a fundamental tension, between a populist appeal to the figure of ‘the people’, and a contrary orientation seeking to critique inequality while rejecting forms of representation and identity. This article – which draws on three years of ethnographic fieldwork with Occupy London (October 2011–October 2014) and a critical theorisation of the figure of ‘the people’ in radical movements – follows movement participants’ negotiation of the tension at the heart of the discourse of ‘the 99%’. It offers an account of the conflicting meanings and practices that emerged, arguing that the result was a creative contradiction that sustained the movement for a time, while setting the terms of its ultimate breakdown. Identifying the concept of ‘representation’ as the site of particular controversy, this is unpicked through a number of key figures (Pitkin, Marx, Spivak, Puchner, Deleuze and Guattari) as the basis for an empirical account of Occupy’s practice of assembly, which offered partial, imperfect ‘solutions’ to these tensions. The article concludes with some implications for the limits and possibilities of both a grassroots populism and a politics against representation, in the context of political developments since

Proceedings of the Turbulence and Interactions 2012 conference

International audienc

L'essai d'infiltration couplé à un traçage non réactif : un outil pour évaluer le transfert des polluants dans la zone non saturée des sols

International audienceThe unsaturated zone of the soil is generally of great importance in order to describe the fate of contaminants in the subsurface. Because of its central position exchanging with the other compartments of the environment (atmosphere, biosphere and groundwater), the unsaturated zone is the place of highly transient water flow conditions. At the scale of a spill at the soil surface at an industrial unit, the heterogeneous distribution of water flow and contaminants transport properties in the unsaturated zone often results in a wide range of impact times and concentrations to groundwater. A research project named TRANSAT has then been conducted by the group composed of CEA / BURGEAP / LTHE / EDF with the funding of the National Research Agency. The edited guidelines documentation gives technical and methodological recommendations aiming to specify when and how the unsaturated zone needs to be accounted for and what type of characterization and modelling tools match the spill scenario. Among the available methods, a special interest has grown towards the coupled large diameter ring infiltration and conservative tracer test, proven to be the only tool capable of measuring the impact time and concentration in the groundwater at the scale of the site spill area and accounting for unsaturated zone characteristics: heterogeneity and capillary retention / dispersion effects.La zone non saturée du sol (ZNS) joue généralement un rôle important dans le devenir des polluants dans le milieu souterrain. Étant située en position centrale dans les échanges avec les autres compartiments de l’environnement (atmosphère, biosphère et eau souterraine), la ZNS est soumise à des conditions d’écoulement d’eau fortement transitoires. À l’échelle d’un déversement en surface au droit d’une unité industrielle, l’hétérogénéité des propriétés d’écoulement d’eau et de transport des polluants dans la ZNS se traduit généralement par une large disparité des temps d’arrivée et des concentrations des polluants au toit de la nappe. Dans ce contexte, le consortium CEA / BURGEAP / LTHE / EDF a mené un projet de recherche & développement co-financé par l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche : TRANSAT. Le guide issu de ce projet décrit des recommandations techniques et méthodologiques visant à préciser quand et comment prendre en compte la ZNS et avec quels outils de caractérisation et de modélisation en fonction du scenario de déversement. Parmi les techniques disponibles, une attention particulière a été portée sur l’essai d’infiltration gros diamètre couplé à un traçage en ZNS, seule méthode permettant de mesurer, à l’échelle de la zone de déversement du site, les temps et concentrations d’impact à la nappe en intégrant les hétérogénéités et les effets de rétention capillaire/dispersion dans la ZNS

Wall-distance free k-#omicron# turbulence model for compressible unsteady flow

Communication to : ECCOMAS, Jyvaskyla (Finlande), 24-28 Juillet 2004SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 22419, issue : a.2004 n.149 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Características associadas à virulência de Enterococcus faecalis isolados de casos clínicos

Thirty-two clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis were screened for virulence factors. Twenty-four (75%) isolates produced hemolysin on Mueller-Hinton blood agar plates with sheep erythrocytes. However, the cell free heat-stable hemolysin was detected in all isolates (100%) of E. faecalis when grown in BHI-GA (BHI medium supplemented with 1% glucose and 0.03% L-arginine), but not in BHI broth alone. Twenty-four isolates (75%) produced caseinase and 23 (71.9%) lipase, but none of the isolates produced gelatinase. Fifteen (46.9%) culture filtrates caused rounding and membrane alterations with blebbing formation followed by death in HeLa and HEp-2 cells, but not in Vero cells. Thirteen isolates (40.6%) agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes, but did not produce hemagglutination in other bloods, containing or not 1% D-manose. Sixteen (50%) E. faecalis isolates adhered to HeLa cells and thirteen (40.6%) to HEp-2 cells, but all isolates adhered to polypropylene microtiter plates, indicating that clinical E. faecalis possess the ability to form biofilm in vitro. All the isolates were resistant to the bactericidal action of normal serum and did not produce aerobactin. These findings suggest that adherence and consequently biofilm formation on ephitelial host cells are the first steps in the E. faecalis virulence and that hemolysin, lipase, caseinase and other virulence factors act as causative of human epithelial cell damages.Foram estudados os fatores de virulência de trinta e duas amostras de Enterococcus faecalis, isolados de casos clínicos. Vinte e quatro amostras (75%) produziram hemolisina em ágar sangue preparado com hemácias de carneiro. No sobrenadante da cultura em BHI nenhuma amostra produziu hemolisina, no entanto quando cultivadas em meio BHI suplementado com 1% de glucose e 0,03% de L-arginina (BHI-GA), 100% das amostras lisaram hemácias de carneiro. Vinte e quatro (75%) amostras produziram caseinase e 23 (71,9%) lipase, mas nenhuma amostra produziu gelatinase. Dezesseis (46,9%) causaram arredondamento e alteração na membrana das células, com formação de vesículas e, em seguida, a morte das células HeLa e HEp-2. Treze amostras (40,6) aglutinaram eritrócitos de coelhos, mas não aglutinaram outros eritrócitos na presença ou na ausência de 1% de D-manose. Dezesseis (50%) aderiram em células HeLa e 13 (40,6%) em células HEp-2, mas todas as amostras de E. faecalis aderiram na microplaca de polipropileno, indicando que E. faecalis isolados de casos clínicos possuem capacidade de formar biofilme in vitro. Todos os isolados mostraram-se resistentes à ação bactericida do soro normal e não produziram aerobactina. Esses resultados sugerem que, inicialmente, a colonização ou infecção por E. faecalis ocorre pela aderência e formação de biofilme nas células epiteliais e a produção de hemolisina, lípase e caseinase pode atuar como fatores de virulência na infecção por E. faecalis.230236Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES