Rigidity of integral coisotropic submanifolds of contact manifolds

Unlike Legendrian submanifolds, the deformation problem of coisotropic submanifolds can be obstructed. Starting from this observation, we single out in the contact setting the special class of integral coisotropic submanifolds as the direct generalization of Legendrian submanifolds for what concerns deformation and moduli theory. Indeed, being integral coisotropic is proved to be a rigid condition, and moreover the integral coisotropic deformation problem is unobstructed with discrete moduli space.Comment: v3: 12 pages, published in Lett. Math. Phys., comments still welcome

A fuzzy approach for the network congestion problem

In the recent years, the unpredictable growth of the Internet has moreover pointed out the congestion problem, one of the problems that historicallyha ve affected the network. This paper deals with the design and the evaluation of a congestion control algorithm which adopts a FuzzyCon troller. The analogyb etween Proportional Integral (PI) regulators and Fuzzycon trollers is discussed and a method to determine the scaling factors of the Fuzzycon troller is presented. It is shown that the Fuzzycon troller outperforms the PI under traffic conditions which are different from those related to the operating point considered in the design

Do labour taxes (and their composition) affect wages in the short and in the long run?

Measures aimed at reducing the tax burden on labour have been advocated to alleviate the EU unemployment problem. Most of the analyses document a relationship between the unemployment rate and the tax burden on labour. Hence, it is not possible to discern whether the effect on unemployment derives from labour demand, labour supply or through the wage formation mechanism. Moreover, the empirical analyses are usually static, and may be indicative of the steady-state determinants of the unemployment rate and do not reveal the features of the adjustment process. This paper studies the relationship between labour taxes and labour costs by modelling the wage formation mechanism in a dynamic context. We test if the composition of labour taxes affects labour costs in the short- and in the long-run and whether highly centralised bargaining systems have better employment performance than decentralised ones. We apply static and dynamic panel data techniques to a panel of EU countries. Our findings suggest that there is probably some wage resistance in the short-term but not in the long-term, although the transition to the long-term can be very long and therefore the short- term impact and the dynamics of adjustment can be long-lasting.Taxation, tax wedge, tax incidence, labour costs, wage resistance, employment, dynamic panel data, social security contributions.

Are Long-Run Price Stability and Short-run Output Stabilization All that Monetary Policy Can Aim For?

A central tenet of the so-called new consensus view in macroeconomics is that there is no long-run trade-off between inflation and unemployment. The main policy implication of this principle is that all monetary policy can aim for is (modest) short-run output stabilization and long- run price stability—i.e., monetary policy is neutral with respect to output and employment in the long run. However, research on the different sources of path dependency in the economy suggests that persistent but nevertheless transitory changes in aggregate demand may have a permanent effect on output and employment. If this is the case, then, the way monetary policy is run does have long-run effects on real variables. This paper provides an overview of this research and explores how monetary policy should be implemented once these long-run effects are acknowledged.monetary policy, new consensus, path dependency, opportunistic approach

"Are Long-run Price Stability and Short-run Output Stabilization All that Monetary Policy Can Aim For?"

A central tenet of the so-called new consensus view in macroeconomics is that there is no long-run trade-off between inflation and unemployment. The main policy implication of this principle is that all monetary policy can aim for is (modest) short-run output stabilization and long-run price stability i.e., monetary policy is neutral with respect to output and employment in the long run. However, research on the different sources of path dependency in the economy suggests that persistent but nevertheless transitory changes in aggregate demand may have a permanent effect on output and employment. If this is the case, then, the way monetary policy is run does have long-run effects on real variables. This paper provides an overview of this research and explores how monetary policy should be implemented once these long-run effects are acknowledged.

Diversity and distribution of large branchiopods (Branchiopoda: Anostraca, Notostraca, Spinicaudata) in Apulian ponds (SE Italy)

A first extensive survey in the inland waters of Apulia was carried out with the aim to detect occurrences of large branchiopods and to assess their diversity and distribution in the region. Samples were gathered during each wet season between 2004 and 2016, in several cases with multiple collections per site in different years. A total of 240 water bodies were studied. Based on a careful review of the available literature data and the results of this survey, 10 large branchiopod species (six Anostraca, two Notostraca, two Spinicaudata) are reported to occur in the Apulian inland waters at present. The findings of the spinicaudatans Leptestheria mayeti and Cyzicus tetracerus and of the anostracan Streptocephalus torvicornis are new records for the Italian mainland. Different species assemblages were found to correspond to specific sets of environmental conditions and habitat types. The diversity of large branchiopods in the region indicates the distinctive role of the Apulian inland waters and their ecological importance in the biogeography of the crustacean inland water fauna in the Mediterranean area. The conservation status of the environments where the species were collected is also discussed

First record of the Asian diaptomid Neodiaptomus schmackeri (Poppe & Richard, 1892) (Crustacea: Copepoda: Calanoida) in Europe

Albania, as well as a great part of the Balkan area in general, still suffers a lack of environmental studies especially in limnological research. The Dumre plateau, in Central Albania, is characterized by an extraordinary high number of karst lakes in a small geographic area. Despite their environmental peculiarity, very few biological data are to date available for these lakes, none on the zooplankton. For this reason, 15 water bodies located in the central area of the plateau were selected for a preliminary limnological survey carried out in the years 2008-2011. Neodiaptomus schmackeri (Poppe & Richard, 1892), a diaptomid calanoid copepod characterized by a South-Eastern Palearctic - Oriental distribution, and the most widely spread Neodiaptomus species in Asia, was found in 8 lakes of the Dumre area. This finding represents the first record of the species, and of the entire genus Neodiaptomus, for Europe. Several environmental variables were measured to characterize the lakes, and the co-occurring planktonic crustaceans were also identified. Taxonomical drawings and descriptions of the main morphological features of both sexes are herein provided in order to compare the Albanian populations of N. schmackeri with those of the native distribution area of the species. The possible causes which determined the occurrence of this non-indigenous species in several Dumre lakes are discussed

Fast training of self organizing maps for the visual exploration of molecular compounds

Visual exploration of scientific data in life science area is a growing research field due to the large amount of available data. The Kohonen’s Self Organizing Map (SOM) is a widely used tool for visualization of multidimensional data. In this paper we present a fast learning algorithm for SOMs that uses a simulated annealing method to adapt the learning parameters. The algorithm has been adopted in a data analysis framework for the generation of similarity maps. Such maps provide an effective tool for the visual exploration of large and multi-dimensional input spaces. The approach has been applied to data generated during the High Throughput Screening of molecular compounds; the generated maps allow a visual exploration of molecules with similar topological properties. The experimental analysis on real world data from the National Cancer Institute shows the speed up of the proposed SOM training process in comparison to a traditional approach. The resulting visual landscape groups molecules with similar chemical properties in densely connected regions