Modelling languages quality evaluation by taxonomic analysis: a preliminary proposal

El paradigma de la ingeniería dirigida por modelos (MDE por sus siglas en inglés) promueve el uso de modelos conceptuales en procesos de ingeniería e investigación sobre sistemas de información. Como productos de ingeniería los modelos conceptuales deben tener calidad, la cual aplica tanto a los modelos conceptuales como los lenguajes de modelado empleados para construir dichos modelos. Debido a los múltiples retos, divergencias y tendencias para evaluación y aseguramiento de la calidad en contextos MDE, una forma para ejecutar un proceso de evaluación de la calidad es usar una técnica donde la aplicabilidad y metas de los artefactos de modelado puedan ser contrastadas con los principios esenciales del desarrollo de sistemas de información. Este trabajo formula un conjunto de requisitos conceptuales y metodológicos para un marco de evaluación de la calidad de lenguajes de modelado con el potencial de abordar algunos de los retos abiertos de calidad en MDE. Para este propósito, se propone usar principios del popular marco de trabajo Zachman para sistemas de información, como una herramienta taxonómica aplicada sobre artefactos de modelado usados en un desarrollo de un sistema de información, en aras de ejecutar procedimientos analíticos sobre modelos alineados con una arquitectura de referencia para sistemas de información, y con razonamientos ontológicos. En este trabajo se expone cómo el marco Zachman soporta análisis sobre modelos para propósitos de calidad por su administración nativa de la semántica.The Model-Driven Engineering (mde) paradigm promotes the usage of conceptual models in information systems (is) engineering and research. As engineering products, conceptual models must have quality, which applies on both conceptual models and modeling language employed to build them. This paper presents a modeling language quality evaluation framework. This framework uses the principles from the popular Zachman framework for information systems as a taxonomic tool applied over modeling rtifacts used in an information system development. The purpose of this taxonomic tool is to perform analytic procedures that are aligned with an is reference architecture and ontological reasoning. Throughout this work, we describe how the Zachman framework supports analytics over modeling languages for quality purposes by its native management of semantics

Evaluating the quality of a set of modelling languages used in combination: A method and a tool

[EN] Modelling languages have proved to be an effective tool to specify and analyse various perspectives of enterprises and information systems. In addition to modelling language designs, works on model quality and modelling language quality evaluation have contributed to the maturity of the model-driven engineering (MDE) field. Although consolidated knowledge on quality evaluation is still relevant to this scenario, in previous works, we have identified misalignments between the topics that academia is addressing and the needs of industry in applying MDE, thus identifying some remaining challenges. In this paper, we focus on the need for a method to evaluate the quality of a set of modelling languages used in combination within a MDE environment. This paper presents MMQEF (Multiple Modelling language Quality Evaluation Framework), describing its foundations, presenting its method components and discussing its trade-offs. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.This work was supported by COLCIENCIAS (Colombia) (grant 512, 2010); the European Commision FP7 Project CaaS (611351).Giraldo-Velásquez, FD.; España Cubillo, S.; Giraldo, WJ.; Pastor López, O. (2018). Evaluating the quality of a set of modelling languages used in combination: A method and a tool. Information Systems. 77:48-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2018.06.002S48707

Quantum point contact conductance in NINS junctions

The effect of an insulating barrier located at a distance $a$ from a NS quantum point contact is analyzed in this work. The Bogoliubov de Gennes equations are solved for NINS junctions (S: anysotropic superconductor, I: insulator and N: normal metal), where the NIN region is a quantum wire. For $a\neq0$, bound states and resonances in the differential conductance are predicted. These resonances depend on the symmetry of the pair potential, the strength of the insulating barrier and $a$. Our results show that in a NINS quantum point contact the number of resonances vary with the symmetry of the order parameter. This is to be contrasted with the results for the NINS junction, in which only the position of the resonances changes with the symmetry.Comment: 5 pages, 5 Figures, RevTex

Designing the Didactic Strategy Modeling Language (DSML) From PoN: An Activity Oriented EML Proposal

[EN] This paper presents the design of the didactic strategy modeling language (DSML) according to the principles of Physics of Notations (PoN). The DSML is a visual and activity-oriented language for learning design characterized by the representation of different activities according to the nature of the task. Once the language is designed, a blind interpretation study is conducted to validate the semantic transparency of the learning activity iconography. The results of the paper allow to refine the icons. In addition to this, an authoring tool for DSML, which is integrated to an LMS, is presented. As a result, a model driven course was designed as a DSML pre-validation.Ruiz, A.; Panach Navarrete, JI.; Pastor López, O.; Giraldo-Velásquez, FD.; Arciniegas, JL.; Giraldo, WJ. (2018). Designing the Didactic Strategy Modeling Language (DSML) From PoN: An Activity Oriented EML Proposal. IEEE-RITA: Latin-American Learning Technologies Journal. 13(4):136-143. https://doi.org/10.1109/RITA.2018.2879262S13614313

SU(3)c⊗SU(3)L⊗U(1)XSU(3)_c\otimes SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_X models with four families

In the context of the local gauge group $SU(3)_c\otimes SU(3)_L\otimes U(1)_X$, we look for possible four family models, where all the particles carry ordinary electric charges. Thirteen different anomaly-free fermion structures emerge, out of which only two are realistic. For the simplest physical structure, we calculate the charged and neutral weak currents and the tree-level Fermion masses. We also look for new sources of flavor changing neutral currents in the quark sector, in connection with the upcoming experimental results at the Large Hadron Collider.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Integrating technical debt into MDE

The main goal of this work is to evaluate the feasibility to calculate the technical debt (a traditional software quality approach) in a model-driven context through the same tools used by software deve- lopers at work. The SonarQube tool was used, so that the quality check was performed directly on projects created with Eclipse Modeling Frame- work (EMF) instead of traditionals source code projects. In this work, XML was used as the model speci cation language to verify in Sonar- Qube due to the creation of EMF metamodels in XMI (XML Metadata Interchange) and that SonarQube o ers a plugin to assess the XML lan- guage. After this, our work focused on the de nition of model rules as an XSD schema (XML Schema De nition) and the integration between EMF-SonarQube in order that these metrics were directly validated by SonarQube; and subsequently, this tool determined the technical debt that the analyzed EMF models could containF. G, thanks to Colciencias (Colombia) for funding this work through the Colciencias Grant call 512-2010. This work has been supported by the Spanish MICINN PROS-Req (TIN2010-19130-C02-02), the Generalitat Valenciana Project ORCA (PROMETEO/2009/015), the European Commission FP7 Project CaaS (611351), and ERDF structural funds.Giraldo Velásquez, FD.; España Cubillo, S.; Pineda, MA.; Giraldo, WJ.; Pastor López, O. (2014). Integrating technical debt into MDE. CEUR Workshop Proceedings. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/68278

Aplicación de los sistemas de soporte a la decisión (dss) en el comercio electrónico

Los sistemas de soporte a la decisión (DSS) y el comercio electrónico (CE) han surgido como áreas individuales. Sin embargo, actualmente, y desde hace unos años, los DSS y el CE se han fusionado para traer mayores ventajas y valor agregado a los clientes. Es sabido que existen diversos tipos de DSS y de categorías y modelos de negocio de CE. Por tal razón, la aplicabilidad de una área sobre la otra se expande a las posibles combinaciones que se puedan realizar entre esta diversidad de categorías. Algunos ejemplos representativos están relacionados con, por ejemplo, los sitios de subastas que a través de la aplicación de a- gentes inteligentes se pueda saber sobre cuál producto ofertar o cuándo y dónde vender; los portales web para clientes y em- pleados, los DSS permiten controlar la información de la empresa a la que pueden acceder y de esta forma tomar decisiones; las tiendas virtuales se pueden afectar positivamente con la aplicación de data mining y data warehouse; en los sistemas de ser- vicio al cliente se podrían usar complejos algoritmos de predicción y análisis “qué sucedería si” para identificar oportunidades de ingresos en mercados competitivos; y un sinnúmero más de aplicaciones, en donde el limite es la imaginación. Se requiere que las investigaciones en DSS/CE sean continuas debido al constante surgimiento de nuevos modelos de negocio y de subsiste- mas DSS. Para cada uno, las aplicaciones pueden ser variadas y aportar de forma bidireccional. Los nuevos mecanismos de in- teracción y los esfuerzos por satisfacer al cliente son también el centro de inspiración para nuevas aplicaciones de sistemas DSS en el comercio electrónico.Decision support systems (DSS) and e-business (EB) have emerged as separate areas. However, currently, and for some years now, DSS and EB have become merged to provide customers with greater benefits and added value. There are different types of DSS and different categories and business models for EB; one area’s applicability to the other thus expands the possible combi- nations which can arise from such different categories. Some representative examples would include auction sites which, through applying intelligent agents, can learn about which products to offer or when and where to sell them; DSS allow a company’s in- formation avilable in web portals for customers and employees to be accessed in a controlled way and decisions thus made; vir- tual stores may be positively affected by data mining and data warehousing being applied; complex algorithms could be used in customer relationship management for predicting and analysing “what would happen if” to identify revenue opportunities in com- petitive markets; and a wide range of other applications where imagination is the limit. Research into DSS / BE must be ongoing due to the constant emergence of new business models and DSS subsystems. Applications can be varied and provide bi-directio- nal support for each one. New interaction mechanisms and efforts to satisfy customers are also the focus of inspiration for new applications for DSS systems in EB

Páramo Calamagrostis s.l. (Poaceae): An updated list and key to the species known or likely to occur in páramos of NW South America and southern Central America including two new species, one new variety and five new records for Colombia

Calamagrostis (syn. Deyeuxia), as traditionally circumscribed, is one of the most speciose genera from páramo grasslands of northwest South America and southern Central America and often dominates these high-elevation habitats. However, it remains difficult for researchers to accurately identify the species due to a lack of floristic treatments for most of the countries containing páramo, with the distribution of many species still very poorly known. In an effort to ameliorate this, we present an updated list and identification keys in English and Spanish (as electronic appendix) to the species of Calamagrostis s.l. known or likely to occur in the páramos of Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Costa Rica and Panama. Fifty-four species are accepted, constituting 47 species currently circumscribed in Calamagrostis and seven species recently transferred to Deschampsia. Included within this are two new species, Calamagrostis crispifolius and Deschampsia santamartensis, which are described and illustrated. Both new species are found in páramos of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (departamento Magdalena), on the northernmost tip of Colombia, with C. crispifolius also found in the Serrania de Perija on the border with Venezuela. Calamagrostis crispifolius differs from all other species of Calamagrostis s.l. by the presence of strongly curled, readily deciduous leaf blades, amongst numerous other characteristics including open inflorescences with generally patent branches, small spikelets, (3.5–)4–5.5 mm long, with sessile florets and a rachilla prolongation reaching from 2/3 to almost the apex of the lemma, with short hairs (< 1 mm long). Deschampsia santamartensis is similar to Deschampsia hackelii (=Calamagrostis hackelii) from austral South America but differs by its broad, rigid and erect, strongly conduplicate blades, 1.5–2.5 mm wide when folded, ligules of innovations 0.5–1 mm long, truncate or obtuse, ligules of upper flowering culms 3–4 mm long, broadly shouldered with an attenuate central point, ellipsoid spike-like panicle, 3–5.5 long × 1.5–2.5 cm wide, lemma surfaces moderately to lightly scabrous between the veins, lemma apex acute to muticous, entire, rachilla extension often absent and inside of the floret often with hyaline shiny sinuous trichomes to 1 mm long, emerging from the base of the ovary. We also present a broader circumscription of the common species Deschampsia podophora (=Calamagrostis podophora), with the new variety D. podophora var. mutica described and illustrated. Deschampsia podophora var. mutica principally differs from var. podophora by florets lacking awns and larger habit i.e. multiple taller culms with longer and wider leaf blades forming tussocks, with inflorescences often held within sheaths. Nomenclatural changes are presented, with Deyeuxia macrostachya newly synonymised under C. macrophylla and C. pittieri, C. pubescens and Deyeuxia pubescens newly synonimised under C. planifolia. Lectotypes are designated for Agrostis antoniana, Calamagrostis pisinna, Deyeuxia macrostachya and Deyeuxia sodiroana. We also document and give notes on five new records of Calamagrostis for Colombia: C. carchiensis, C. guamanensis, C. heterophylla, C. pisinna and C. rigida