Effect of β-blockers on the risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction

INTRODUCTION: Oral &#946;-blockers improve the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction, while atrial fibrillation worsens the prognosis of this population. The reduction of atrial fibrillation incidence in patients treated with &#946;-blockers could at least in part explain the benefits of this drug. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of &#946;-blockers on the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: We analyzed 1401 patients with acute myocardial infarction and evaluated the occurrence or absence of atrial fibrillation, the use of oral &#946;-blockers and mortality during the first 24 hours. RESULTS: a) The use of &#946;-blockers was inversely correlated with the presence of atrial fibrillation (&#961; = 0.004; OR = 0.54). b) Correlations with mortality were as follows: 31.5% in patients with atrial fibrillation, 9.2% in those without atrial fibrillation (&#961; < 0.001; Odds Ratio = 4.52), and 17.5% in patients not treated with &#946;-blockers and 6.7% in those who received the drug (&#961; < 0.001; OR = 0.34). c) Adjusted Models: The presence of atrial fibrillation was independently correlated with mortality (OR = 2.48, &#961; = 0.002). The use of &#946;-blockers was inversely and independently correlated with mortality (OR = 0.53; &#961; = 0.002). The patients who used &#946;-blockers showed a lower risk of atrial fibrillation (OR = 0.59; &#961; = 0.029) in the adjusted model. CONCLUSION: The presence of atrial fibrillation and the absence of oral &#946;-blockers increased in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Oral &#946;-blockers reduced the incidence of atrial fibrillation, which might be at least partially responsible for the drug's benefit

Effect of β-Blockers on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

INTRODUCTION: Oral &#946;-blockers improve the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction, while atrial fibrillation worsens the prognosis of this population. The reduction of atrial fibrillation incidence in patients treated with &#946;-blockers could at least in part explain the benefits of this drug. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of &#946;-blockers on the incidence of atrial fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: We analyzed 1401 patients with acute myocardial infarction and evaluated the occurrence or absence of atrial fibrillation, the use of oral &#946;-blockers and mortality during the first 24 hours. RESULTS: a) The use of &#946;-blockers was inversely correlated with the presence of atrial fibrillation (&#961; = 0.004; OR = 0.54). b) Correlations with mortality were as follows: 31.5% in patients with atrial fibrillation, 9.2% in those without atrial fibrillation (&#961; < 0.001; Odds Ratio = 4.52), and 17.5% in patients not treated with &#946;-blockers and 6.7% in those who received the drug (&#961; < 0.001; OR = 0.34). c) Adjusted Models: The presence of atrial fibrillation was independently correlated with mortality (OR = 2.48, &#961; = 0.002). The use of &#946;-blockers was inversely and independently correlated with mortality (OR = 0.53; &#961; = 0.002). The patients who used &#946;-blockers showed a lower risk of atrial fibrillation (OR = 0.59; &#961; = 0.029) in the adjusted model. CONCLUSION: The presence of atrial fibrillation and the absence of oral &#946;-blockers increased in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Oral &#946;-blockers reduced the incidence of atrial fibrillation, which might be at least partially responsible for the drug's benefit

Do Diabetic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes Have a Higher Threshold for Ischemic Pain?

Background: Data from over 4 decades have reported a higher incidence of silent infarction among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), but recent publications have shown conflicting results regarding the correlation between DM and presence of pain in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Objective: Our primary objective was to analyze the association between DM and precordial pain at hospital arrival. Secondary analyses evaluated the association between hyperglycemia and precordial pain at presentation, and the subgroup of patients presenting within 6 hours of symptom onset. Methods: We analyzed a prospectively designed registry of 3,544 patients with ACS admitted to a Coronary Care Unit of a tertiary hospital. We developed multivariable models to adjust for potential confounders. Results: Patients with precordial pain were less likely to have DM (30.3%) than those without pain (34.0%; unadjusted p = 0.029), but this difference was not significant after multivariable adjustment, for the global population (p = 0.84), and for subset of patients that presented within 6 hours from symptom onset (p = 0.51). In contrast, precordial pain was more likely among patients with hyperglycemia (41.2% vs 37.0% without hyperglycemia, p = 0.035) in the overall population and also among those who presented within 6 hours (41.6% vs. 32.3%, p = 0.001). Adjusted models showed an independent association between hyperglycemia and pain at presentation, especially among patients who presented within 6 hours (OR = 1.41, p = 0.008). Conclusion: In this non-selected ACS population, there was no correlation between DM and hospital presentation without precordial pain. Moreover, hyperglycemia correlated significantly with pain at presentation, especially in the population that arrived within 6 hours from symptom onset

In Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction, the Impact of Hyperglycemia as a Risk Factor for Mortality Is Not Homogeneous Across Age-Groups

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of hyperglycemia in different age-groups of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AM I). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 2,027 patients with AMI were categorized into one of five age-groups: &lt;50 years (n = 301), &gt;= 50 and &lt;60 (n = 477),&gt;= 60 and &lt;70 (n = 545), &gt;= 70 and &lt;80 (n = 495), and years (n = 209). Hyperglycemia was defined as initial glucose &gt;= 115 mg/dL. RESULTS The adjusted odds ratios for hyperglycemia predicting hospital mortality in groups 1-5 were, respectively, 7.57 (P = 0.004), 3.21 (P 0.046), 3.50 (P = 0.003), 3.20 (P &lt; 0.001.), and 2.16 (P = 0.021). The adjusted P values for correlation between glucose level (as a continuous variable) and mortality were 0.007, &lt;0.001, 0.043, &lt;0.001, and 0.064. The areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 0.785, 0.709, 0.657, 0.648, and 0.613. The AUC in group 1 was significantly higher than those in groups 3-5. CONCLUSIONS The impact of hyperglycemia as a risk factor for hospital mortality in AMI is more pronounced in younger patients

Updated cardiovascular prevention guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology: 2019

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