A statistical model for application of maneuver flight loads data to structural design criteria

Statistical model for application of maneuver flight loads data to structural design dat

Genetic and functional data identifying Cd101 as a type 1 diabetes (T1D) susceptibility gene in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic multi-factorial disorder characterized by the immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Variations at a large number of genes influence susceptibility to spontaneous autoimmune T1D in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, one of the most frequently studied animal models for human disease. The genetic analysis of these mice allowed the identification of many insulin-dependent diabetes (Idd) loci and candidate genes, one of them being Cd101. CD101 is a heavily glycosylated transmembrane molecule which exhibits negative-costimulatory functions and promotes regulatory T (Treg) function. It is abundantly expressed on subsets of lymphoid and myeloid cells, particularly within the gastrointestinal tract. We have recently reported that the genotype-dependent expression of CD101 correlates with a decreased susceptibility to T1D in NOD.B6 Idd10 congenic mice compared to parental NOD controls. Here we show that the knockout of CD101 within the introgressed B6-derived Idd10 region increased T1D frequency to that of the NOD strain. This loss of protection from T1D was paralleled by decreased Gr1-expressing myeloid cells and FoxP3+ Tregs and an enhanced accumulation of CD4-positive over CD8-positive T lymphocytes in pancreatic tissues. As compared to CD101+/+ NOD.B6 Idd10 donors, adoptive T cell transfers from CD101−/− NOD.B6 Idd10 mice increased T1D frequency in lymphopenic NOD scid and NOD.B6 Idd10 scid recipients. Increased T1D frequency correlated with a more rapid expansion of the transferred CD101−/− T cells and a lower proportion of recipient Gr1-expressing myeloid cells in the pancreatic lymph nodes. Fewer of the Gr1+ cells in the recipients receiving CD101−/− T cells expressed CD101 and the cells had lower levels of IL-10 and TGF-β mRNA. Thus, our results connect the Cd101 haplotype-dependent protection from T1D to an anti-diabetogenic function of CD101-expressing Tregs and Gr1-positive myeloid cells and confirm the identity of Cd101 as Idd10

NOMA: A Preventable “Scourge” of African Children

Noma is a serious orofacial gangrene originating intraorally in the gingival-oral mucosa complex before spreading extraorally to produce a visibly destructive ulcer. Although cases of noma are now rarely reported in the developed countries, it is still prevalent among children in third world countries, notably in sub-Sahara Africa, where poverty, ignorance, malnutrition, and preventable childhood infections are still common. This review summarizes historical, epidemiological, management, and research updates on noma with suggestions for its prevention and ultimate global eradication. The global annual incidence remains high at about 140,000 cases, with a mortality rate exceeding 90% for untreated diseases. Where the patients survive, noma defects result in unsightly facial disfigurement, intense scarring, trismus, oral incompetence, and social alienation. Although the etiology has long been held to be infectious, a definitive causal role between microorganisms cited, and noma has been difficult to establish. The management of noma with active disease requires antibiotics followed by reconstructive surgery. Current research efforts are focused towards a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology, and further elucidation of the microbiology and pathogenesis of noma

Auswirkungen der Biotechnologie auf Landwirtschaft und Lebensmittelindustrie - eine Delphie-Studie: Ergebnisse aus Deutschland

In Deutschland wird über den Einsatz der Biotechnologie und insbesondere der Gentechnik in der Landwirtschaft und Lebensmittelindustrie intensiv diskutiert. Einerseits bieten diese Ansätze neue wissenschaftlich/technische Optionen, von denen erhebliche wirtschaftliche Vorteile erwartet werden. Andererseits werden tiefgreifende Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt, die Gesundheit von Verbrauchern und Arbeitnehmern sowie die ethische Einstellung im Umgang mit der Natur befürchtet. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat das Fraunhofer-Institut für Systemtechnik und Innovationsforschung mit finanzieller Unterstützung der EU-Kommission eine Delphi-Befragung zu den Auswirkungen der Biotechnologie im Landwirtschafts- und Lebensmittelsektor durchgeführt. Die über 500 Experten aus Industrie, Forschung, Landwirtschaft, Verbraucherverbänden sowie Kritiker der Biotechnologie, die sich in Deutschland an dieser Untersuchung beteiligt haben, waren sich weitgehend einig darüber, daß bis zum Ende des nächsten Jahrzehnts di e Biotechnologie in diesem Sektor für zahlreiche Zwecke zum Einsatz kommen wird. Über die wirtschaftlichen, sozialen, umwelt- und gesundheitsrelevanten Auswirkungen kamen die Vertreter der befragten Gruppen zu sehr unterschiedlichen Einschätzungen. Insgesamt zeigen die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung aber ein deutlich differenzierteres Bild der gegenwärtigen Einschätzungen in Deutschland als es in der polarisierten öffentlichen Diskussion bisher vermittelt wird

Sicherheitsservice-Schicht

DE 10024347 A UPAB: 20020424 NOVELTY - The security service layer has a controller (60) for regulating communication, including the transmission of a message, based on a selected service routine. A selector (50) chooses the service routine from a number of available service routines based on the analyzed parameters of a produced message. DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A message device (30) produces a message, inclusive of descriptive parameters, for transmission from a client (10) to a target (20). An analyzer (40) processes the parameters of the message. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the regulation of communication between client and target. USE - For regulating communication between client and target through communication channel e.g. bank transactions. ADVANTAGE - Requires reduced programming overhead and permits execution of applications on client page without having to deal with security issues. Permits further applications to run without consideration of support activities which are not security-related

Genetic and functional data identifying Cd101 as a type 1 diabetes (T1D) susceptibility gene in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic multi-factorial disorder characterized by the immune-mediated destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Variations at a large number of genes influence susceptibility to spontaneous autoimmune T1D in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, one of the most frequently studied animal models for human disease. The genetic analysis of these mice allowed the identification of many insulin-dependent diabetes (Idd) loci and candidate genes, one of them being Cd101. CD101 is a heavily glycosylated transmembrane molecule which exhibits negative-costimulatory functions and promotes regulatory T (Treg) function. It is abundantly expressed on subsets of lymphoid and myeloid cells, particularly within the gastrointestinal tract. We have recently reported that the genotype-dependent expression of CD101 correlates with a decreased susceptibility to T1D in NOD.B6 Idd10 congenic mice compared to parental NOD controls. Here we show that the knockout of CD101 within the introgressed B6-derived Idd10 region increased T1D frequency to that of the NOD strain. This loss of protection from T1D was paralleled by decreased Gr1-expressing myeloid cells and FoxP3+ Tregs and an enhanced accumulation of CD4-positive over CD8-positive T lymphocytes in pancreatic tissues. As compared to CD101+/+ NOD.B6 Idd10 donors, adoptive T cell transfers from CD101−/− NOD.B6 Idd10 mice increased T1D frequency in lymphopenic NOD scid and NOD.B6 Idd10 scid recipients. Increased T1D frequency correlated with a more rapid expansion of the transferred CD101−/− T cells and a lower proportion of recipient Gr1-expressing myeloid cells in the pancreatic lymph nodes. Fewer of the Gr1+ cells in the recipients receiving CD101−/− T cells expressed CD101 and the cells had lower levels of IL-10 and TGF-β mRNA. Thus, our results connect the Cd101 haplotype-dependent protection from T1D to an anti-diabetogenic function of CD101-expressing Tregs and Gr1-positive myeloid cells and confirm the identity of Cd101 as Idd10

Grubengas als Einsatzgas fuer eine Druckwechselanlage zur Erzeugung von Gas mit Erdgasqualitaet bzw. zur Gewinnung von Methan Schlussbericht

With 6 tabs., 9 figs.SIGLECopy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Can a quality improvement intervention improve person-centred maternity care in Kenya?

Few evidence-based interventions exist to improve person-centred maternity care in low-resource settings. This study aimed to understand whether a quality improvement (QI) intervention could improve person-centred maternity care (PCMC) experiences for women delivering in public health facilities in Kenya. A pre-post design was used to examine changes in PCMC scores across three intervention and matched control facilities at baseline (n = 491) and endline (n = 677). A QI intervention, using the Model for Improvement, was implemented in three public health facilities in Nairobi and Kiambu Counties in Kenya. Difference-in-difference analyses using models that included main effects of both treatment group and survey round was conducted to understand the impact of the intervention on PCMC scores. Findings suggest that intervention facilities' average total PCMC score decreased by 5.3 points post-intervention compared to baseline (95% CI: -8.8, -1.9) and relative to control facilities, holding socio-demographic and facility variables constant. Additionally, the intervention was significantly associated with a 1.8-point decrease in clinical quality index pre-post-intervention (95% CI: -2.9, -0.7), decreased odds of provider visits, and less likelihood to plan to use postpartum family planning. While improving the quality of women's experiences during childbirth is a critical component to ensure comprehensive, high-quality maternity care experiences and outcomes, further research is required to understand which intervention methods may be most appropriate to improve PCMC in resource-constrained settings