Identification of Ultraviolet radiation induced Gallic acid and Caffeic acid formation in Palm juice (Borassus flabellifer) by HPLC & Mass Spectra Technique.

Palm juice, a common-cheap-antioxidants rich natural plant juice has been investigated for optimizing the effect of UV-radiation on the antioxidant activity using a DPPH free radical scavenging activity method. In this study separate set of samples of raw palm juice has been treated with 365 and 254 nm UV-lights (UVL) respectively for different exposure time. When exposed for 15 min with 365 nm UVL induces concentration factor of caffeic acid, whereas, 254 nm UVL induces gallic acid accumulation, but overall antioxidant activity was higher for 365 nm UVradiation. Caffeic acid and other polyphenol compounds are increased by 5.5 ± 0.5 % than normal palm juice, observed after irradiation with 365 nm UVL. Even after the exposure of UV irradiation for 15 min, did not affect on peptide bond modification of protein molecules present in palm juice, therefore a green effect of UVL is explored for the effective increase of antioxidant activity

TECHNIQUES TO FACILITATE SELECTION OF NEXT HOP NRF IN A HIERARCHICAL NETWORK REPOSITORY FUNCTION (NRF) DEPLOYMENT IN 5G NETWORKS

When a Fifth Generation (5G) Network Repository Function (NRF) deployed in a Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) hierarchical model architecture receives a Network Function (NF) Discovery or Subscription or Access Token request, the NRF may not have the required information to serve the request on account of the information being divided among multiple NRF instances in the network. In such cases, the NRF instance that receives the request from a consumer NF may choose to forward or redirect the request to another NRF instance in the hierarchy. The conditions and policies to decide when to redirect or forward the request to another NRF are not defined by 3GPP. Further, the procedures and policies for selecting the next hop NRF are left to implementation. This is a major gap in 3GPP standards as an NRF at each hierarchical level needs rules to determine whether it can serve a request locally or needs to forward/redirect the request to another NRF instance in the hierarchy. This proposal involves defining a granular, flexible and policy-driven system for NRF selection and message routing between hierarchical NRFs to minimize latency and signaling overhead

Identity Elements of Archaeal tRNA

Features unique to a transfer-RNA are recognized by the corresponding tRNA-synthetase. Keeping this in view we isolate the discriminating features of all archaeal tRNA. These are our identity elements. Further, we investigate tRNA-characteristics that delineate the different orders of archaea

Osteochondral tissue engineering constructs with a cartilage part made of poiy(L-lactic acid) / starch blend and a bioactive poly(L-lactic acid) composite layer for subchondral bone

Articular cartilage has an inadequate natural rebuilding capacity. Tissue engineering has shown to have potential to provide an effective alternative to engineer the damaged cartilage. In this study, an integrated porous bi-layered scaffold was developed aiming to mimic the requirements of cartilage and underlying subchondral bone. The osteochondral approach explored in this work was to include a common polymeric component in both cartilage and bone components, which maximised the integration at the interface by mean of a melt-based processing route. A blend of starch and poly(Llactic acid),PLLA, was used in the cartilage side, which was found to possess an adequate water uptake capability. For the bone region, to induce bioactivity, PLLA had been reinforced with hydroxyapatite (HA) and bioactive glass (BG). The surfaces of the constructs were investigated as a function of soaking time in a simulated body (SBF) fluid using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FTIR. The SEM – FTIR indicated a bone-like apatite formation and the surface coverage by apatite layer increased with increasing soaking time, whereas the cartilage-layer did not exhibit the formation of any apatite like layer.(undefined

Development of porous lamellar poly(L-lactic acid) scaffolds by conventional injection molding process

A novel fabrication technique is proposed for the preparation of unidirectionally oriented, porous scaffolds by selective polymer leaching from lamellar structures created by conventional injection molding. The proof of the concept is implemented using a 50/ 50 wt.% poly(L-lactic acid)/poly(ethylene oxide) (PLLA/PEO) blend. With this composition, the PLLA and PEO blend is biphasic, containing a homogeneous PLLA/PEO phase and a PEO-rich phase. The two phases were structured using injection moldinginto welldefined alternating layers of homogeneous PLLA/PEO phase and PEO-rich phase. Leaching of water-soluble PEO from the PEO-rich phase produces macropores, and leaching of phase-separated PEO from the initially homogeneous PLLA/PEO phase produces micropores in the lamellae. Thus, scaffolds with a macroporous lamellar architecture with microporous walls can be produced. The lamellae are continuous along the flow direction, and a continuous lamellar thickness of less than 1 lm could be achieved. Porosities of 57–74% and pore sizes of around 50–100 lm can be obtained using this process. The tensile elastic moduli of the porous constructs were between 580 and 800 MPa. We propose that this organic-solvent-free method of preparing lamellar scaffolds with good mechanical properties, and the reproducibility associated with the injection moldingtechnique, holds promise for a wide range of guided tissue engineering applications