Bilateral Facial Paralysis Caused by Temporal Bone Fracture: A Case Report

Introduction: Although bilateral facial nerve palsy is a rare condition, its etiology is more detectable than the unilateral type. A temporal bone fracture is one cause of bilateral facial nerve palsy, contributing in 3% of the cases. Case Presentation: Here, we report the case of a 35-year-old man complaining of bilateral incomplete eye closure, two weeks after a closed head injury caused by a motor vehicle accident. Conclusions: The high resolution computed tomography findings revealed a bilateral temporal bone fracture line, which extended to the fallopian canal. With regard to treatment, near complete recovery was obvious after two weeks of treatment with oral corticosteroids. Overall, bilateral facial palsy is hard to diagnose; therefore, clinical suspicion and the early detection of facial nerve injuries is necessary for good nerve recovery in temporal bone fractures

Initial salinity tolerance and ion-osmotic parameters in juvenile Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, Brandt, 1833

The salinity tolerance, hematological and hydromineral regulation capabilities of juvenile Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) were investigated in different ages and sizes in freshwater (FW: 0.05) but differed in experimental media (p0.05). However, the results showed that the above parameters in fish fingerlings did not return to initial values in the new environment and then physiological changes happened

INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHASE ANGLE AND MICRO-ALBUMINURIA IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH A HISTORY OF MORE THAN 5 YEARS OF THE DISEASE IN ILAM PROVINCE, IRAN

Introduction: Phase angle is the ratio between cell mass and fat-free tissue and a cell health indicator which is measurable through bio-impedance analysis with 50 KHZ alternating current and can be interpreted as a voltage and a wave-form current. Diabetes mellitus contains a group of metabolic disorders that are in common in terms of appearance characteristic of hyperglycemia. Micro-albuminuria of urine albumin amounts 30-300mg/24h and the higher values are for diagnostic diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Phase angle and micro-albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients with a history of more than 5 years of the disease in the city of Ilam. Materials and methods: This is an analytical-practical case-control study and statistical society includes two case and control groups with an average age 52.06 +/- 6.69 years in case group and 50.02 +/- 5.42 years in the control group. The sample size in each group has been designated equal to 50 and data analysis is performed using SPSS and parametric and Non-parametric statistical methods and the related tests. Conclusion: The average Ph. A was obtained equal to 5.87 +/- 1.42 in the case group and 7.29 +/- 0.355 in the control group which statistically significant relationship exists between the two groups in Ph. A value (P<0.000). Average micro-albuminuria was 67.32 +/- 75.92 in the case group and 0.276 +/- 0.147 in the control group which there was a significant relationship statistically between the amount of micro-albuminuria within the both groups (P< 0.000). Discussion: By investigation of the relationship between ph. Angle and micro-albuminuria in diabetic patients it can be concluded that the amount Ph. A reduces with the increase of micro-albuminuria and by increasing micro-albuminuria, the variables of overall body water volume, intracellular water and extracellular water relatively increase and fat mass relatively decreases

Lessons of 10 years experience on CCHF in Iran

International audienceCrimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonotic disease with high mortality rate in humans caused by CCHF virus (CCHFV) belonging to the genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae, and congaing a three segment single-stranded RNA genome. The CCHFV is transmitted to humans by bite of infected ticks, by direct contact with blood or tissues of infected livestock and nosocomially. After Chaharmahal-va-Bakhtiari outbreak in 1999 whose serum samples was sent to South Africa for diagnosis, Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Laboratory (As National Reference Lab) was established in 2000 to precise and on time laboratory diagnosis of CCHF in the country. The Lab along with CDC of Iran (national health regulator) and Veterinary organization (control program of tick populations and livestock monitoring) are members of National Expert Committee on Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (NECVHFs) for surveillance and control of CCHF in Ir

The role of effective information in decision making by managers at Shahid Beheshti of teaching hospitals of Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences

Today, one of the most fundamental factors in the field of management is providing managers with effective information in order to improve the quality of their decision-making. In this paper, we studied the role of effective information in decision making by managers and directors in 2006- 2007(From March 20, 2006 to march 19, 2007)

Study of seminal infection among an infertile male population in qom, Iran, and its effect on sperm quality

Background and Objectives: There are very few analysis tools to examine seminal fluid specimens, so bacterial infections on male infertility has always been the subject of discussion. These infectious processes lead to deterioration of spermato-genesis, impairment of sperm function, and/or obstruction of the seminal tract. In this study, we aimed at determining the role of bacterial infection on semen parameters including motility, count and normal morphology in infertile male patients. Materials and Methods: In this cohort study, 150 infertile males having abnormal semen parameters (study group) and 150 healthy fertile males (control group) were included. A total of 300 semen samples were collected after 3 to 5 days of sexual abstinence. Volume, pH, concentration, normal morphology, and motility were evaluated. Samples were seeded using a calibrated loop on agar and EMB plates, which were incubated overnight. The microorganisms were identified by Gram staining technique, catalase and coagulase tests. Results: The prevalence of seminal infection among infertile males in Qom was 21. Among these infected samples 61.9, 14.28, 14.28 and 9.25 were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci, Streptococcus and Escherichia coli, respectively. All the identified bacteria except Streptococcus caused a significant decrease in sperm concentration. Sperm motility was significantly lower in E. coli contaminated samples than in the control group, and the presence of E. coli and S. aureus led to a decline in normal morphology of the sperms. Conclusion: Sperm bacterial contamination is quite frequent and could contribute to the deterioration of the sperm quality of infertile males. © 2018, Tehran University of Medical Science. All rights reserved

Study of seminal infection among an infertile male population in qom, Iran, and its effect on sperm quality

Background and Objectives: There are very few analysis tools to examine seminal fluid specimens, so bacterial infections on male infertility has always been the subject of discussion. These infectious processes lead to deterioration of spermato-genesis, impairment of sperm function, and/or obstruction of the seminal tract. In this study, we aimed at determining the role of bacterial infection on semen parameters including motility, count and normal morphology in infertile male patients. Materials and Methods: In this cohort study, 150 infertile males having abnormal semen parameters (study group) and 150 healthy fertile males (control group) were included. A total of 300 semen samples were collected after 3 to 5 days of sexual abstinence. Volume, pH, concentration, normal morphology, and motility were evaluated. Samples were seeded using a calibrated loop on agar and EMB plates, which were incubated overnight. The microorganisms were identified by Gram staining technique, catalase and coagulase tests. Results: The prevalence of seminal infection among infertile males in Qom was 21. Among these infected samples 61.9, 14.28, 14.28 and 9.25 were contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci, Streptococcus and Escherichia coli, respectively. All the identified bacteria except Streptococcus caused a significant decrease in sperm concentration. Sperm motility was significantly lower in E. coli contaminated samples than in the control group, and the presence of E. coli and S. aureus led to a decline in normal morphology of the sperms. Conclusion: Sperm bacterial contamination is quite frequent and could contribute to the deterioration of the sperm quality of infertile males. © 2018, Tehran University of Medical Science. All rights reserved

Isolation and confirmation of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease in golden grey mullet (Liza aurata) and leaping mullet (Liza saliens) in the Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea

The present study was conducted on 428 moribund mullet fish samples to isolate and identify the causative agent of a mysterious acute mortality which recently occurred in wild mullets in Iranian waters of Caspian Sea, suspected to be due to viral nervous necrosis (VNN) disease. Disease investigation was carried out employing various diagnostic procedures such as virology, bacteriology, parasitology, haematology, histopathology, IFAT, IHC and nested RT-PCR. Brain and eye samples of affected fishes were collected in sterile conditions and then kept at -80 °C for cell culture isolation and nested RT-PCR detection of the causative agent. Other tissue samples were also collected and fixed for histopathology, IHC and EM examinations. CPE was observed in cell cultures at 6 days after inoculation. Nine samples were found positive with virological assay. Nested RT-PCR, performed on suspected tissues and CPE positive samples, showed that about 21 tissue samples and all the CPE positive samples were positive for VNN virus (VNNV). IFAT was selected as a confirmatory method for detecting the presence of Betanodavirus antigen, cell culture isolation results and nested RT-PCR findings. Moreover, VNNV particles with 25-30 nm in diameter were also visualized in the infected brain and retina. In pathogenicity studies, guppy fishes bathed in VNNV-infected tissue culture (10-4 TCID50) showed clinical signs similar to naturally infected mullet after 15 days post infection (dpi), with mortality rates reaching up to 100% at 30 dpi. Affected organ samples as examined by cell culture isolation, IFAT, IHC and histopathology, revealed the presence of VNNV in the guppy fishes. In conclusion, it was confirmed that VNNV was the main causative agent for the disease outbreak in mullet fish in the Caspian Sea, and this is such first official report of VNN disease from Iran

Design of a Harvester for Harvesting of the Leaves and Stems of Plants in Cultivation Rows and Evaluation its Performance in the Peppermint Farm

IntroductionThe world today is facing the issue of population growth, which will result in food shortages. One way to supply food to this growing population is to facilitate the production of agricultural products to meet the growing demand. Medicinal plants are an important product of the agricultural sector. In Iran, manual harvesting reduces the productivity of these crops, and the use of manual harvesting poses challenges related to available manpower. The costs and time required for manual harvesting are additional obstacles. Given the importance of developing medicinal plants, designing and constructing a mechanized machine for harvesting them could improve the harvesting process.Material and MethodsIn designing the machine for harvesting medicinal plants in cultivation rows, different scenarios were examined regarding the position of the machine relative to the tractor. The advantages and disadvantages of each scenario were listed separately, and finally, the continuous placement of tractors, harvesters, and trailers was defined. One of the goals of designing this machine is to perform harvesting operations for two row spacing’s - 80 and 160 cm. To achieve this goal, mechanisms were added to the machine that allow for changing the position of the harvesting head, as well as the cutting height. Moreover, due to the sensitivity of the harvested product to soil contact, the plants should be transferred immediately after cutting. Therefore, a transfer mechanism was designed and built to move the cut products to the trailer. Independent variables, including forward speed at two levels, type of reel in two types, and cutting blade in two types, were considered. Dependent variables also included harvesting efficiency, percentage of damaged plants, and harvesting capacity.Results and DiscussionThe results of variance analysis for different treatments show that the forward speed, type of reel, and cutting blade type have an effect on harvest efficiency. The difference in harvest efficiency is significant at a 1% probability level. A star cutting blade provides higher efficiency than a 40-teeth cutting blade. The rubber reel prevents plants from falling to the ground by creating a closed space in front of the blade. However, the inner parts of the rods reel are empty, and the plant can fall to the ground. Additionally, the plant may get wrapped around the rods, causing a decrease in harvesting efficiency. Another essential parameter when identifying and evaluating a harvesting machine is crop damage. Some plants get crushed and torn due to the impact on metal components. This situation reduces the quality of the harvested product, leading to a decline in the final product's price. The star-cutting blade causes more leaf rupture. In contrast, the teeth in the 40-teeth blade are continuous, making it unlikely for the leaf to get caught between the two teeth. However, with the star blade, the distance between the two blades is large, allowing the plant to get stuck in between and re-cut.ConclusionBased on tests conducted for eight different positions of the harvester, it was observed that the G test outperformed the other tests with 85.88% harvesting efficiency, a capacity of 344.8 kg h-1, and only 1.34% peppermint leaf damage. Therefore, for harvesting similar peppermint products, we recommend using a combination of a star blade, rubber carousel, and a forward speed of 1.2 meters per second. However, new tests should be conducted on other products like lavender and those with strong stems

Making a symbolic gesture: a qualitative examination of self-immolation in Iran

Self-immolation is one of the most dramatic methods of committing suicide. Some regions in Iran have a high prevalence of suicide by this method. This study aims to understand and explore the experience of self-immolated women in Iran. Twenty women have interviewed in the burns centers of three different cities immediately the following hospitalization due self-immolation, and the data was analyzed using conventional content analysis. The results were categorized in three main categories: Cultural background and preparing the stage, making a symbolic gesture and events of the day of the incident. Making a symbolic gesture consists of the critical elements of self-immolation, including the presence of significant others, dramatic presentation of misery, bringing an end to misfortune, proof of innocence, creating a sense of compassion or guilt and inspiration from similar cases. The social situation of women in Iran is contributing to self-immolation through feelings of anger and helplessnes