Chemical Composition of the Essential oil of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge. from Iran

Due to various usages of Satureja species or their oils, we were interested in studying essential oil contents and compositions of Satureja species in Iran. So, the essential oil of aerial parts of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge. growing in Iran was obtained by hydrodistillation and was analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty eight compounds constituting 99.80% of the oil were identified and yield of the oil was 2.7% (V/W). The major components were found to be thymol (65.1%), γ-terpinene (15.0%), β-caryophyllene (4.85%), p-cymene (4.4%), linalool (3.5%) and borneol (3.05%)

Analyzing the Role of Security in Developing Iran’s Foreign Tourism

Security and tourism are the parameters of an equation which have a direct relationship and a close connection. In fact, there is no trip unless there is no security, there for considering the tourism would be useless. This research aimed at measuring the feeling of being safe among the foreign tourists in Iran. This research is the practical type and the research method, is the descriptive-analytic. Data collecting method is both library and field (observation, questionnaire, and interview). Sampling method was random and samples were of 150 people, calculated using Corcoran method. Data analytic method was quantitative Results of the research indicated that the tourists did not know about Iran’s tourism security situation correctly, before entering Iran and 55 percepts of those tourists, considered Iran’s security situation to be bad. In this pessimism and misrecognition, the role of western media and their negative propaganda was proved. After entering Iran and confronting realities, 80 percent of them considered Iran’s security situation to be good and they were satisfied with it. Tourists believed that the presence of police officers in tourist site results in enhancing security. But, the large number of police officers may have a reverse result so tourist would fell no secure mentally since they feel a police and security atmosphere. There was a meaningful relationship between a high financial and life security and re traveling to Iran. It means that tourist who felt more secure would like to revisit Iran more. Also, whereas tourist is a mutual relationship, its role in propagating Iran’s realities in worldwide level was proved

“Do the editors-in-chief of Iranian medical journals have a good Knowledge, attitude and practice of plagiarism?”

Plagiarism is one of the misconducts which are specifically observed in scientific journals. It is important to prevent and reduce it in scientific communities. The chief editors of journals can play an effective role in this regard. Therefore, this study aims to determine the knowledge, attitude, and the practice (KAP) of the chief editors of scholarly journals in Universities of Iran about plagiarism. The data for this descriptive survey were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire which was developed and validated in three sections of knowledge, attitude, and practice. The statistical population of the study included all the chief editors of scholarly journals in Universities of Medical Sciences in Tehran. The scores of the editors were calculated separately in each section. The data collection procedure was followed either by email or in-person. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS. The chief editors’ score is %88.8 in the section of “knowledge of plagiarism” which represents a high score. The chief editors’ “attitude toward plagiarism” indicates a high level (%61.3), which represents a negative attitude of plagiarism, and their “practice” is also at a mid-level approaching towards high level. In general, the knowledge, attitude, and practice of chief editors about plagiarism are in a better status comparing to similar studies. However, it is expected that the editors in chief achieve a more favorable level in this regard

Analyzing the Role of Security in Developing Iran’s Foreign Tourism

Security and tourism are the parameters of an equation which have a direct relationship and a close connection. In fact, there is no trip unless there is no security, there for considering the tourism would be useless. This research aimed at measuring the feeling of being safe among the foreign tourists in Iran. This research is the practical type and the research method, is the descriptive-analytic. Data collecting method is both library and field (observation, questionnaire, and interview). Sampling method was random and samples were of 150 people, calculated using Corcoran method. Data analytic method was quantitative Results of the research indicated that the tourists did not know about Iran’s tourism security situation correctly, before entering Iran and 55 percepts of those tourists, considered Iran’s security situation to be bad. In this pessimism and misrecognition, the role of western media and their negative propaganda was proved. After entering Iran and confronting realities, 80 percent of them considered Iran’s security situation to be good and they were satisfied with it. Tourists believed that the presence of police officers in tourist site results in enhancing security. But, the large number of police officers may have a reverse result so tourist would fell no secure mentally since they feel a police and security atmosphere. There was a meaningful relationship between a high financial and life security and re traveling to Iran. It means that tourist who felt more secure would like to revisit Iran more. Also, whereas tourist is a mutual relationship, its role in propagating Iran’s realities in worldwide level was proved

Dissolved air flotation and centrifugation as methods for oil recovery from ruptured microalgal cells

Solvent-free microalgal lipid recovery is highly desirable for safer, more sustainable and more economical microalgal oil production. Dispersed air flotation and centrifugation were evaluated for the ability to separate oil and debris from a slurry mixture of osmotically fractured Chaetoceros muelleri cells with and without utilizing collectors. Microalgal oil partially phase-separated as a top layer and partially formed an oil-in-water emulsion. Although collectors, such as sodium dodecyl sulphate enhanced selective flotation, by just adjusting the pH and cell concentration of the mixture, up to 78% of the lipids were recovered in the froth. Using centrifugation of fractured microalgal slurry resulted in removal of 60% cell debris and up to 68.5% of microalgal oil was present in the supernatant. Both methods, centrifugation and flotation provided options for separation of microalgal oil from C. muelleri slurry with similar fatty acid recoveries of 57% and 60%, respectively

Effect of Synthetic Tissue Fluid on Microleakage of Grey and White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate as Root-End Filling Materials : An in vitro study

Objectives: The success of endodontic surgery has been shown to depend partly on the apical seal. Grey mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA) produces hydroxyapatite twice as often as white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) when suspended in a phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the microleakage phenomenon of gray and white mineral trioxide aggregates as root-end filling materials after immersion in synthetic tissue fluid (STF). Methods: 55 single-rooted extracted maxillary anterior human teeth were divided into two experimental groups of 20 teeth each, plus 3 groups of 5 teeth each as two negative and one positive control groups. The root canals were cleaned, shaped, and laterally compacted with gutta-percha. The root ends were resected and 3 mm deep cavities were prepared. The root-end preparations were filled with GMTA or WMTA in the experimental groups. Leakage was determined using a dye penetration method. Data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 level of significance. Results: The mean dye leakage was 0.40 ± 0.1 mm for GMTA and 0.50±0.1 mm for WMTA groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two experimental groups (P = 0.14). Conclusion: Despite the different properties and behaviours of GMTA and WMTA in STF, there were no significant differences in microleakage when using GMTA or WMTA.

Surface Coating of Polyurethane Films with Gelatin, Aspirin and Heparin to Increase the Hemocompatibility of Artificial Vascular Grafts

Purpose: A hemocompatible substrate can offer a wonderful facility for nitric oxide (NO) production by vascular endothelial cells in reaction to the inflammation following injuries. NO inhibits platelet aggregation this is especially critical in small-diameter vessels. Methods: The substrate films were made of polyurethane (PU) in a casting process and after plasma treatments, their surface was chemically decorated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 2000, gelatin, gelatin-aspirin, gelatin-heparin and gelatin-aspirin-heparin. The concentrations of these ingredients were optimized in order to achieve the biocompatible values and the resulting modifications were characterized by water contact angle and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) assays. The values of NO production and platelet adhesion were then examined. Results: The water contact angle of the modified surface was reduced to 26±4⸰ and the newly developed hydrophilic chemical groups were confirmed by FTIR. The respective concentrations of 0.05 mg/ml and 100 mg/mL were found to be the IC50 values for aspirin and heparin. However, after the surface modification with aspirin, the bioactivity of the substrate increased in compared to the other experimental groups. In addition, there was a synergistic effect between these reagents for NO synthesis. While, heparin inhibited platelet adhesion more than aspirin. Conclusion: Because of the highly hydrophilic nature of heparin, this reagent was hydrolyzed faster than aspirin and therefore its influence on platelet aggregation and cell growth was greater. Taken together, the results give the biocompatible concentrations of both biomolecules that are required for endothelial cell proliferation, NO synthesis and platelet adhesion