A Comparative Study of Civil Services Management Law with the Principles of Desirable Governance through the Perspective of International Law

Desirable governance includes principles such as transparency, governance of law, equity, efficiency and capability and believes that if the above elements are achieved, it will result in increasing efficiency and ability of governance system leading to a comprehensive development and democracy. Influenced by these principles, Iran administrative system must appropriately adopt itself and provide its implementation. For example, the administrative system must refrain from unilateral decisions in the light of the governance of law and provide the ground for participation in the administration of the country. It seems that authorizing civil services management law is the most important step in achieving the above goal and realizing today’s principles and criteria in governing the country’s administrative affaires and organizing official system. Because the mentioned law was first conducted in the administrative system of the country to the issues beyond the rights of personnel and their advantages, demonstrating the principles of desirable governance in materials stipulated rendered a fundamental change in this area. It can be reached to some extent based on the belief that the theory components have been realized in the administration system and especially in the official system. Keywords: Governance of law, Participation, Justice, Desirable governance, Transparency, Comprehensiveness and inclusivenes

The Coefficient of Subgrade Reaction and Its Accuracy on Design of Foundations

In this paper different methods proposed for determination of ks are discussed, compared and evaluated for their suitability and accuracy. The geotechnical parameters of a site on Tabriz Marl were selected as the base data and settlement analysis results with different methods were compared with that of obtained from analyses with advanced soil models using Safe and Plaxis soft wares. It was disclosed that for Tabriz Marl, soft soil model is the best governing model and Vesic relation among the methods of determination of ks leads to a negligible error in comparison to the soft soil model. Also, in order to achieve more accurate results from these methods, it is proposed to use mean elasticity modulus which takes into account the effect of geometric and mechanical properties of sub-layers

The Movement of EFL learning Approaches toward Identity Constructs: A Gradual Development or a Social Turn

This article aimed to examine the theoretical assumptions underlying the tendencies of current studies toward identity constructs. Attempt was made to see whether or not the identity studies in language teaching have come into existence because of a major movement called social turn. To do so, a study on the relationship between EFL learning and the construction of national identity among Iranian university students residing in Tehran was conducted. Anattempt was also made to examine if any associations exist between students' major of study and national identity. The findings are expected to help educators gain insight into the influential role of social factors including national identity in learning a foreign language and the other way around. To compare the learners' performances on a national identity questionnaire, correlation analyses, independent samples t-tests, and a one-way ANOVA were run. The results indicated some differences in the measures of national identity between beginners and more advanced learners. Moreover, participants performed differently on national identity as far as their study majors were concerned. The results of the present study have implications for education professionals especially materials developers

Detailed examination of a packet collision model for Bluetooth Low Energy advertising mode

The aim of this paper is to investigate the amount of energy that is required to successfully transmit information inside the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) advertising packets. There are applications that require more than one BLE node to simultaneously transmit data. The BLE protocol utilizes a specific communication method termed advertising mode to perform unidirectional broadcasts of data from the advertising devices. However, with an increased number of BLE devices advertising simultaneously, there will be inevitable packet collisions from the advertising devices. This results in a waste of energy, specifically in low-power applications where lower consumption is desirable to minimize the need for battery replacements. This paper examines a packet collision model for the BLE advertising mode with the results validated using experimental data. Our analysis shows that when the throughput of the BLE network starts to fall due to an increase in the number of packet collisions, the energy consumption of the BLE nodes increase exponentially with respect to the number of nodes

The Movement of EFL learning Approaches toward Identity Constructs: A Gradual Development or a Social Turn

This article aimed to examine the theoretical assumptions underlying the tendencies of current studies toward identity constructs. Attempt was made to see whether or not the identity studies in language teaching have come into existence because of a major movement called social turn. To do so, a study on the relationship between EFL learning and the construction of national identity among Iranian university students residing in Tehran was conducted. Anattempt was also made to examine if any associations exist between students' major of study and national identity. The findings are expected to help educators gain insight into the influential role of social factors including national identity in learning a foreign language and the other way around. To compare the learners' performances on a national identity questionnaire, correlation analyses, independent samples t-tests, and a one-way ANOVA were run. The results indicated some differences in the measures of national identity between beginners and more advanced learners. Moreover, participants performed differently on national identity as far as their study majors were concerned. The results of the present study have implications for education professionals especially materials developers

Drying kinetics, modeling and quality of quince slices in thin layer air impingement jet dryer

Quince is a nutritionally important fruit, which is not much appreciated for fresh consumption. Drying of quince is one of the methods which is suited for preserving it against deterioration. In this paper, an experimental investigation was conducted to study the drying kinetics, modeling and quality of quince slices in an air impingement dryer under different drying temperatures, air velocities and relative nozzle-to-product distance (H/D) values. The results indicated that increasing drying air temperature and velocity can reduce the drying time. In addition, the impact of drying temperature on the drying time was more significant than that of the air velocity. It was also observed that the maximum heat and mass transfer occurs at the H/D ratio of 4 as Reynolds number varies between 4000 and 7500. The effective moisture diffusivity of quince slices ranged from 3.04×10-10 to 7.85×10-10 m2/s and the activation energy of quince slices were 23.570, 24.825 and 33.430 kJ/­mol at different velocities of air. Based on the results reported in this study, the Midilli et al. model provided the best fit to describe the experimental drying data of quince slices. Furthermore, the results showed that the rehydration ratio of dried slices increased as drying temperature and H/D ratio rose and dropped with increase of the air velocity. Also results of color change of dried samples demonstrated that drying temperature and air velocity significantly affected the overall color change of quince slices, while the interaction between drying temperature and air velocity beside main effect of H/D ratio did not show any statistically significant difference in color change of dried samples. From the point of view of the drying time, rehydration ratio and color change of the dried slices, the optimum drying conditions were proposed. Keywords: air impingement jet dryer, drying kinetics, quince slices, rehydration ratio, color change

About the Power Spectrum Of Primordial Gravitational Waves

The primordial gravitational waves have been generated by inflationary amplification of the primordial (quantum) fluctuations. It is true that they have not been recorded directly so far, but their spectrum can help a lot in solving the basic puzzles of the early universe as Inflation (high) energy scale. In the present work, we give a straightforward method to calculate the spectral energy density of the relic gravitons different from that used in e. g. \cite{ mirza04,Latham 2005, Yuki 2006}. The evolution equations are written in terms of the scale factor (instead of conformal time) and are obtained through the Lagrange formalism (instead of the transfer function). The presence of the Hubble parameter allows to calculate the power spectrum in the different dynamical regimes. The corresponding diagram shows in the universe including Cosmological Constant the spectral energy density is noticeably enhanced.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figur, 1 tabl