Novel treatment setup for urethral carcinoma radiotherapy: A complete response case report

A homemade personalized penis holder can provide the reproducibility of the penis during urethra carcinoma (UC) radiotherapy. © 2020 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Lt

Influential Factors on Member's Participation in Management of Rural Cooperatives in Gorgan Township

This research aimed to identify and analyze the influential factors on member's participation in management of rural co-operatives in Gorgan Township. This descriptive research has been done by survey method.  Populationincluded all the members of rural co-operatives in Gorgan Township. Sample size has been determined by Cochranformula (n=140). A researcher-made questionnaire was used in order to collect data. Face and content validity were established by a panel of experts. Reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed according to calculated Cronbach's alpha (r=0.76). The results of correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant relationship between members’ participation rate in public conventions and membership background as well as their interest to participate in conventions. Factor analysis of the "influential factors on members’ participation in management of rural cooperatives", extracted three factors, named "management potency", "cooperative performance" and "mechanism of participative management", explained 60.63% variances of analyzed variables. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that probability of participation in conventionsincreased through "management potency" and "cooperative performance" while increase in years of experience and member's age decreased their participation in various conventions

Freestanding and Supported MoS2 Monolayers under Cluster Irradiation : Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulations

| openaire: EC/H2020/720964/EU//npSCOPETwo-dimensional (2D) materials with nanometer-size holes are promising systems for DNA sequencing, water purification, and molecule selection/separation. However, controllable creation of holes with uniform sizes and shapes is still a challenge, especially when the 2D material consists of several atomic layers as, e.g., MoS2, the archetypical transition metal dichalcogenide. We use analytical potential molecular dynamics simulations to study the response of 2D MoS2 to cluster irradiation. We model both freestanding and supported sheets and assess the amount of damage created in MoS2 by the impacts of noble gas clusters in a wide range of cluster energies and incident angles. We show that cluster irradiation can be used to produce uniform holes in 2D MoS2 with the diameter being dependent on cluster size and energy. Energetic clusters can also be used to displace sulfur atoms preferentially from either top or bottom layers of S atoms in MoS2 and also clean the surface of MoS2 sheets from adsorbents. Our results for MoS2, which should be relevant to other 2D transition metal dichalcogenides, suggest new routes toward cluster beam engineering of devices based on 2D inorganic materials.Peer reviewe

Controlled generation of luminescent centers in hexagonal boron nitride by irradiation engineering

Luminescent centers in the two-dimensional material hexagonal boron nitride have the potential to enable quantum applications at room temperature. To be used for applications, it is crucial to generate these centers in a controlled manner and to identify their microscopic nature. Here, we present a method inspired by irradiation engineering with oxygen atoms. We systematically explore the influence of the kinetic energy and the irradiation fluence on the generation of luminescent centers. We find modifications of their density for both parameters, while a fivefold enhancement is observed with increasing fluence. Molecular dynamics simulations clarify the generation mechanism of these centers and their microscopic nature. We infer that VNCB and V-B are the most likely centers formed. Ab initio calculations of their optical properties show excellent agreement with our experiments. Our methodology generates quantum emitters in a controlled manner and provides insights into their microscopic nature.Peer reviewe

Chemical Kinetics of Metal Single Atom and Nanocluster Formation on Surfaces:An Example of Pt on Hexagonal Boron Nitride

The production of atomically dispersed metal catalysts remains a significant challenge in the field of heterogeneous catalysis due to coexistence with continuously packed sites such as nanoclusters and nanoparticles. This work presents a comprehensive guidance on how to increase the degree of atomization through a selection of appropriate experimental conditions and supports. It is based on a rigorous macro-kinetic theory that captures relevant competing processes of nucleation and formation of single atoms stabilized by point defects. The effects of metal-support interactions and deposition parameters on the resulting single atom to nanocluster ratio as well as the role of metal centers formed on point defects in the kinetics of nucleation have been established, thus paving the way to guided synthesis of single atom catalysts. The predictions are supported by experimental results on sputter deposition of Pt on exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride, as imaged by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy

Chemical Kinetics of Metal Single Atom and Nanocluster Formation on Surfaces: An Example of Pt on Hexagonal Boron Nitride

The production of atomically dispersed metal catalysts remains a significant challenge in the field of heterogeneous catalysis due to coexistence with continuously packed sites such as nanoclusters and nanoparticles. This work presents a comprehensive guidance on how to increase the degree of atomization through a selection of appropriate experimental conditions and supports. It is based on a rigorous macro-kinetic theory that captures relevant competing processes of nucleation and formation of single atoms stabilized by point defects. The effects of metal–support interactions and deposition parameters on the resulting single atom to nanocluster ratio as well as the role of metal centers formed on point defects in the kinetics of nucleation have been established, thus paving the way to guided synthesis of single atom catalysts. The predictions are supported by experimental results on sputter deposition of Pt on exfoliated hexagonal boron nitride, as imaged by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy