Characterization of the Outer Coast Tuff Formation - A way to unravelling the magmatic processes preceding and triggering Deception Island's caldera-forming eruption (Antarctica)

Deception Island (South Shetland Islands), discovered in 1820, is one of the most active volcanoes in Antarctica with more than 20 eruptions (including the historic eruptions of 1967, 1969 and 1970) and three documented volcanic unrest events (1992, 1999 and 2014-15) over the past two centuries. Deception Island currently hosts two scientific bases, which operate every year during the Austral summer, and is also one of the most popular tourist destinations in Antarctica. The island is a composite volcano with a centrally located caldera of 8.5 x 10 km dated at 3,980 ± 125 yr. BP. During the caldera-forming event, between 30 and 60 km3 (Dense Rock Equivalent-DRE) of magma, erupted in the form of dense basaltic-andesitic pyroclastic density current deposits. During the last decades, Deception Island has been intensively investigated but some aspects regarding the magmatic processes associated with the formation of its caldera collapse are still under research and debate. For instance, characterizing the magmatic conditions and processes that triggered the huge explosive event is crucial to understand the past (and in turn the future) magmatic and volcanic evolution of the island

Designing of a vulcano simulator

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Magma ascent and eruption forecasting at Deception Island volcano (Antarctica) evidenced by δD and δ18O variations

Geochemistry of volatiles in active volcanoes provides insights into the magmatic processes and evolution at depth, such as magma evolution and degassing, which can be implemented into volcanic hazards assessment. Deception Island is one of the most active volcanoes in Antarctica, with more than twenty explosive eruptions documented over the past two centuries. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic variations in the volatiles trapped in the Deception Island rocks (glass and melt inclusions in phenocrysts) provide essential information on the mechanisms controlling the eruptive history in this volcanic suite. Thus, understanding the petrological and related isotopic variations in the island, has the potential to foresee the possible occurrence and its main eruptive features of a future eruption

Deciphering the evolution of Deception Island's magmatic system

Deception Island (South Shetland Islands) is one of the most active volcanoes in Antarctica, with more than 20 explosive eruptive events registered over the past two centuries. Recent eruptions (1967, 1969, and 1970) and the volcanic unrest episodes that happened in 1992, 1999, and 2014-2015 demonstrate that the occurrence of future volcanic activity is a valid and pressing concern for scientists, technical and logistic personnel, and tourists, that are visiting or working on or near the island. We present a unifying evolutionary model of the magmatic system beneath Deception Island by integrating new petrologic and geochemical results with an exhaustive database of previous studies in the region. Our results reveal the existence of a complex plumbing system composed of several shallow magma chambers (≤10 km depth) fed by magmas raised directly from the mantle, or from a magma accumulation zone located at the crust-mantle boundary (15-20 km depth). Understanding the current state of the island's magmatic system, and its potential evolution in the future, is fundamental to increase the effectiveness of interpreting monitoring data during volcanic unrest periods and hence, for future eruption forecasting

Deciphering the evolution of Deception Island's magmatic system

Deception Island (South Shetland Islands) is one of the most active volcanoes in Antarctica, with more than 20 explosive eruptive events registered over the past two centuries. Recent eruptions (1967, 1969, and 1970) and the volcanic unrest episodes that happened in 1992, 1999, and 2014-2015 demonstrate that the occurrence of future volcanic activity is a valid and pressing concern for scientists, technical and logistic personnel, and tourists, that are visiting or working on or near the island. We present a unifying evolutionary model of the magmatic system beneath Deception Island by integrating new petrologic and geochemical results with an exhaustive database of previous studies in the region. Our results reveal the existence of a complex plumbing system composed of several shallow magma chambers (≤ 10 km depth) fed by magmas raised directly from the mantle, or from a magma accumulation zone located at the crust-mantle boundary (15-20 km depth). Understanding the current state of the island's magmatic system, and its potential evolution in the future, is fundamental to increase the effectiveness of interpreting monitoring data during volcanic unrest periods and hence, for future eruption forecasting

Descifrando los procesos magmáticos desencadenantes de la formación de la caldera en Isla Decepción (Antártida)

Isla Decepción (Islas Shetland del Sur) es uno de los volcanes más activos de la Antártida, con más de 20 erupciones en los últimos 200 años (las más recientes en 1967, 1969 y 1970) y tres episodios de unrest documentados (1992, 1999 y 2014-15). La isla está formada por un sistema volcánico compuesto con una caldera central de 8,5 x 10 km datada en unos 3.980 ± 125 años. Durante la formación de la caldera de colapso, se emitieron entre 30 y 60 km3 (Dense Rock Equivalent-DRE) de magma basáltico-andesítico en forma de flujos piroclásticos, que dieron lugar a la Outer Coast Tuff Formation (OCTF), la principal unidad sin-caldera. Caracterizar las condiciones magmáticas y los procesos que desencadenaron el evento explosivo es crucial para entender el pasado (y futuro) de la evolución magmática de la isla. El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer, a partir de la petrología y la geoquímica, las condiciones y los procesos magmáticos que tuvieron lugar antes y durante la formación de la caldera de colapso. Los resultados preliminares confirman la existencia de dos magmas coexistiendo e interactuando antes (y durante) la erupción caldérica y procesos de cristalización fraccionada. Esta investigación es parte de las iniciativas de investigación POLARCSIC y PTIVolcan

BCN Rocks: aprendiendo geología urbana a través de una aplicación App interactiva.

Barcelona Rocks (BCN Rocks) es una aplicación (App) para dispositivos móviles personales (con versiones para Android y iOS) apta para ser utilizada por estudiantes de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) y Bachillerato, y para el público en general, con el objetivo de aprender geología a partir de recursos didácticos proporcionados por las rocas de las fachadas y pavimentos de dos zonas emblemáticas y céntricas de la ciudad de Barcelona como son el Passeig de Gràcia y el Barri Gòtic. La aplicación presenta tres grandes apartados "ELEMENTOS", "EXPLORA" y "LABORATORIO" que pretenden satisfacer diversas facetas del usuario. En el apartado Elementos, el usuario encontrará el conjunto de edificios que contiene la aplicación, toda la información sobre las rocas que los forman, así como una breve explicación sobre la historia y arquitectura de cada uno de ellos. Con el apartado Explora, se pretende despertar la curiosidad o la parte más expedicionaria del usuario. Para ello se proponen una serie de rutas que pueden realizarse siguiendo, bien el criterio de posición geográfica de los edificios incluidos en la App, bien teniendo en cuenta la antigüedad de las construcciones (desde la Barcino romana hasta la Barcelona actual). Finalmente, el partado Laboratorio, permite al usuario investigar distintos aspectos geológicos mediante experimentos interactivos

The effects of chemical treatments on the abrasion resistance of wool fabrics

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Designing of a vulcano simulator

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