Desarrollo de un biosensor para el análisis de la inhibición enzimática causada por fisostigmina

La inhibición enzimática se considera el punto clave en aplicaciones clínicas y farmacoterapia, es por ello que el uso de biosensores enzimáticos es una buena alternativa en la evaluación de los fármacos. En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de un biosensor enzimático, basado en la inmovilización de nanopartículas de oro-Acetilcolinesterasa vía crosslinking. La actividad enzimática se evaluó por amperometría, parámetros como concentración de la enzima y del sustrato, pH y potencial de trabajo aplicado (Ea) fueron optimizados. Los resultados mostraron que la respuesta del biosensor es lineal con r² = 0.999, con sensibilidad de 27.621 µA/mM. LOD = 0.022 mM y LOQ = 2.29 mM, el coeficiente de variación fue de 1. 72%, el tiempo de respuesta fue inferior a 0.1 s, además se encontró que no hay diferencias significativas intra e inter biosensores. El biosensor fue viable para la evaluación del efecto farmacológico de fisostigmina a través de la inhibición enzimática, causada por el fármaco.Enzyme inhibition is considered the key point in clinical applications and the pharmacotherapy, so, use of enzymatic biosensors is a good alternative for drug evaluation. This paper presents development of enzymatic biosensor, based on the immobilization of gold nanoparticles¬Acetylcholinesterase via crosslinking. The enzymatic activity was evaluated by amperometry, parameters such as enzyme, and substrate concentration, pH and applied work potential (Ea), were optimized. Results show a linear response of the biosensor with r² = 0.999, and sensitivity of 27.621 µA/mM. LOD = 0.022 mM and LOQ = 2.29 mM, the coefficient of variation was 1. 72 %, while the response time was less than 0.1 s. lt was found that there are no significant differences intra and inter biosensors. The biosensor was suitable for the evaluation of the pharmacological effect of physostigmine through enzymatic inhibition, caused by the drug by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde in a multi-layer deposition

2D Materials-based platforms for electroanalysis applications

A new class of nanomaterials called "2D materials" (2DMs) is attracting recently the electrochemical sensing field due to the unique physicochemical properties associated to their chemical structure, formed by ultra-thin layers. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in the electroanalysis area using 2DMs giving first a brief overview on the structure, synthesis and properties of these materials followed by the analysis of their advantages while used in the development of electrochemical sensors

Nanomaterial-based Sensors for the Study of DNA Interaction with Drugs

The interaction of drugs with DNA has been searched thoroughly giving rise to an endless number of findings of undoubted importance, such as a prompt alert to harmful substances, ability to explain most of the biological mechanisms, or provision of important clues in targeted development of novel chemotherapeutics. The existence of some drugs that induce oxidative damage is an increasing point of concern as they can cause cellular death, aging, and are closely related to the development of many diseases. Because of a direct correlation between the response, strength/ nature of the interaction and the pharmaceutical action of DNA-targeted drugs, the electrochemical analysis is based on the signals of DNA before and after the interaction with the DNA-targeted drug. Nowadays, nanoscale materials are used extensively for offering fascinating characteristics that can be used in designing new strategies for drug-DNA interaction detection. This work presents a review of nanomaterials (NMs) for the study of drug-nucleic acid interaction. We summarize types of drug-DNA interactions, electroanalytical techniques for evidencing these interactions and quantification of drug and/or DNA monitoring