EFFECT OF CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS ON ANNEXIN A1 EXPRESSION IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELLS OF CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE UTICAJ KARDIOPULMONARNOG BAJPASA NA EKSPRESIJU ANEKSINA A1 U MONONUKLEARNIM ]ELIJAMA PERIFERNE KRVI DECE SA URO\ENIM

Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on Annexin A1 expression in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of children with congenital heart disease (CHD). A total of 30 children receiving CPB for interventricular septal defect were included. Peripheral blood was collected before and after CPB. PBMCs were collected by density gradient centrifugation. Protein extra ction was performed by lysis and subjected to 2D-QUANT for protein quantitation. Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis (IEF) was carried out followed by gel image analysis. Protein spots with a difference in expression of >1.5 fold were collected as candidate proteins which were subjected to mass spectrometry for the identification of diffe rentially expressed proteins. Western blot assay was emplo yed to confirm the expressions of target proteins. Peripheral blood collected at two time points was subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis, and a total of 12 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Of them, 5 proteins had decreased expression before CPB (T0) but their expressions increased after CPB (T1); the remaining 7 proteins had in cre ased expres sions before CPB but their expressions re du ced after CPB. One of these differentially expres sed proteins was Annexin A1. Western blot assay confirmed that Annexin A1 expression began to increase at 0.5 h after CPB, and the increase of Annexin A1 was more obvious after CPB. Our findings primarily indicate the potential mechanism underlying the role of PBMC in inflammatory response following CPB, and provide a target for the prevention and control of post-CPB systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Keywords: annexin A1, cardiopulmonary bypass, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, congenital heart disease Kratak sadr`aj: Svrha studije bila je da se istra`i uticaj kardiopulmonarnog bajpasa (KPB) na ekspresiju aneksina A1 u mononuklearnim }elijama periferne krvi (M]PK) dece sa uro|enim sr~anim oboljenjima (SO). Istra`ivanjem je obuhva}eno ukupno 30 dece kod koje je zbog interventrikularnog septalnog defekta izveden kardiopulmonarni bajpas. Uzorci periferne krvi uzeti su pre i posle zahvata. M]PK su sakupljene centrifugiranjem u gradijentu gustine. Proteini su ekstra hovani lizom a kvantitacija proteina obavljena je metodom 2D-QUANT. Izvr{ena je elektroforeza izoelektri~nim fokusiranjem (EIF) a potom analiza gel image. Proteinske ta~ke sa razlikom u ekspresiji >1,5 puta uzete su kao proteini kandidati, koji su podvrgnuti masenoj spektrometriji radi identifikovanja razli~ite ekspresije proteina. Za potvr|ivanje ekspresija ciljnih proteina upotrebljen je test Western blot. Uzorci periferne krvi uzeti su dva puta u odre|enom vremenskom razmaku i podvrgnuti dvodimenzionalnoj elektroforezi te je identifikovano ukupno 12 diferencijalno izra`enih proteina. Od toga je 5 proteina imalo smanjenu ekspresiju pre KPB (T0), ali se njihova ekspresija posle KPB pove}ala (T1); preostalih 7 proteina imalo je pove}anu ekspresiju pre KPB, ali se njihova ekspresija smanjila posle KPB. Jedan od ovih diferencijalno izra`enih proteina bio je aneksin A1. Testom Western blot potvr|eno je da je ekspresija aneksina A1 poela da raste 0,5 h posle KPB, dok je porast aneksina A1 posle KPB bio upadljiviji. Na{i nalazi prevashodno ukazuju na potencijalni mehanizam uloge M]PK u inflamatornom odgo voru posle KPB i pru`aju metu za prevenciju i kontrolu sindroma post-KPB sistemskog inflamatornog odgovora (SSIO). Klju~ne re~i: aneksin A1, kardiopulmonarni bajpas, mo nonuklearne }elije periferne krvi, uro|eno sr~ano oboljenj

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a support for TGA/IVS with low cardiac output syndrome and pulmonary hemorrhage

A 15-day-old neonate with complete transposition of the great arteries/intact ventricular septum was admitted with life-threatening hypoxemia and heart arrest. After successful resuscitation, heart beat recovered but blood lactate began to arise and maintained above 15 mmol/L 6 hours later. Emergency arterial switch operation was done at 20 hours after resuscitation. Planned extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support was employed postoperatively. The baby experienced severe pulmonary hemorrhage and severe hypoxemia after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, which were treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support

Video assisted thorascopic assisted correction of left partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection: one case report

Abstract Introduction The left partial anomalous pulmonary vein connection is a rare congenital heart disease, especially with intact atrial septum. Now we reported a case of the left superior pulmonary vein drainage to left innominate vein through a vertical vein, and corrected with video assisted thoracoscopy. Case presentation A-59-years old man diagnosed left anomalous partial pulmonary vein connection with presentation of short breathiness and palpation, and diagnosed with computer tomography pulmonary angiography. The operation was carried out under video assisted thoracoscopy with one manipulation incision and one observational incision, the vertical vein was dissected and anastomosis with left atrial appendage. The patients recovered smoothly and postoperative CTPA showed anastomosis ostium was unobstructed. Conclusion The left lateral thoracotomy and video assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a feasible for correction of left PAPVC with intact interatrial septum without using CPB

Experience of treating congenital complete atrioventricular block with epicardial pacemaker in infants and young children: a retrospective study

Abstract Background This article summarizes the treatment experience for congenital complete atrioventricular block (CCAVB) in newborns and infants, and discusses the necessity and feasibility of treating CCAVB with permanent pacemaker implantation in this population. Methods In this study, the clinical data and follow-up results of nine children admitted at our center with CCAVB from January 2005 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, two children received early implantation of permanent pacemakers (within 1 year of age), two children received non-early implantation (1 year or older), and the remaining five children received no pacemaker implantation. CCAVB diagnosis was confirmed by clinical symptoms and clinical examinations, including electrocardiography and echocardiography before surgery. After surgery, the pacing and sensing functions of the pacemaker were observed using electrocardiography, echocardiography, and pacing threshold monitoring. A comprehensive assessment of the treatment efficacy was conducted, encompassing improvements in clinical symptoms, growth and development, as well as the absence of any additional potential complications. The children who did not receive pacemaker implantation were followed up. Results Among the four children who successfully received pacemaker implantation, one child who received non-early implantation died. For the remaining three children, the threshold level, amplitude, impedance, and minute ventilation sensor function of the pacemaker were good during the follow-up period, with a heart rate at the pacing rate. The growth and development of the aforementioned patients who received pacemaker implantation demonstrated adherence to the percentile curve, and their motor and cognitive development remained unaffected. However, among the children who did not undergo pacemaker implantation, two experienced death, while three were lost to follow-up, thereby limiting the evaluation of their long-term outcomes. Conclusions Early implantation of an epicardial pacemaker at an early stage in newborns and infants diagnosed with CCAVB can significantly improve clinical symptoms without affecting their growth and development. These data are in line with current literature and suggest that early implantation of an epicardial pacemaker in newborns and infants diagnosed with CCAVB but further studies are needed

Ultrasensitive Polarized Up-Conversion of Tm³⁺–Yb³⁺ Doped β‑NaYF₄ Single Nanorod

Up-conversion luminescence in rare earth ions (REs) doped nanoparticles has attracted considerable research attention for the promising applications in solid-state lasers, three-dimensional displays, solar cells, biological imaging, and so forth. However, there have been no reports on REs doped nanoparticles to investigate their polarized energy transfer up-conversion, especially for single particle. Herein, the polarized energy transfer up-conversion from REs doped fluoride nanorods is demonstrated in a single particle spectroscopy mode for the first time. Unique luminescent phenomena, for example<i>,</i> sharp energy level split and singlet-to-triplet transitions at room temperature, multiple discrete luminescence intensity periodic variation with polarization direction, are observed upon excitation with 980 nm linearly polarized laser. Furthermore, nanorods with the controllable aspect ratio and symmetry are fabricated for analysis of the mechanism of polarization anisotropy. The comparative experiments suggest that intraions transition properties and crystal local symmetry dominate the polarization anisotropy, which is also confirmed by density functional theory calculations. Taking advantage of the REs based up-conversion, potential application in polarized microscopic multi-information transportation is suggested for the polarization anisotropy from REs doped fluoride single nanorod or nanorod array

Patterns and controlling factors of plant nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across China's forests

Plant stoichiometry is critical for the structure and functions of ecosystems. Previous studies on large-scale patterns of plant stoichiometry have focused on single tissues; and the controlling factors have focused on climatic factors or plant functional groups. Here we present results based on an intensive field investigation across China's forest ecosystems, to comprehensively assess the effect of climatic factors, plant functional groups, soil N and P stoichiometry on N and P stoichiometry of different tree tissues. The P concentrations in all tissues were significantly lower when mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) were higher, and the N:P ratios in all tissues were significantly higher when MAT and MAP were higher. The N concentrations of branches and trunks were negatively related to MAT and MAP, however, the leaf N concentrations did not change with MAT and MAP. The root N also did not change with MAT, but decreased significantly with MAP. Soil total N had little influence on tree N, however, tree tissue P concentrations significantly increased when soil P increased. The N contents of all tissues were mainly affected by plant functional groups, however, climate factors and soil P content were the main predictors of P and N:P ratios of all tissues. Our results suggest that tree tissue N:P ratios were largely related to climatic factors, and were shaped by soil P rather than soil N in China's forest ecosystems

Mapping forest type and age in China's plantations

Forest age serves as an essential factor in determining the accuracy of historical and future carbon (C) uptake quantifications, which is especially critical for China since the forest C stock dynamics are sensitive to the fast-growing, young-age plantations. However, a spatially explicit forest age maps with specific focus on forest plantations is not available yet. In this study, we developed a 1-km resolution age and type maps of forest plantations, and quantified their uncertainties spatially using field-measured data, national forest inventory data, digitalized forest maps, and remote sensing-based forest height maps. Simulation results showed forest plantations were 16.5 years old at national scale in 2005, which is close to the age of 16.6 years old derived from the 7th national inventory data using medium age in each forest plantation group with weighted area. Interestingly, we found that human management played an important role in forest age map reconstruction, which has not yet been considered in former studies. We also suggest that forest age and type maps should be used consistently in C stock simulations to avoid biases from mismatch information. Large uncertainty found in this study suggests further endeavors are required for improving the forest age and type maps. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved