Costumes et textile archéologique du XVII^e siècle en contexte funéraire : de la découverte à l'étude

International audienc

Le corps embaumé de Louis de Bruslon du Plessis du collège jésuite de Saint-Thomas

International audienc

PPR2263, a DYW-Subgroup Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Is Required for Mitochondrial nad5 and cob Transcript Editing, Mitochondrion Biogenesis, and Maize Growth

International audienceRNA editing plays an important role in organelle gene expression in various organisms, including flowering plants, changing the nucleotide information at precise sites. Here, we present evidence that the maize (Zea mays) nuclear gene Pentatricopeptide repeat 2263 (PPR2263) encoding a DYW domain-containing PPR protein is required for RNA editing in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase5 (nad5) and cytochrome b (cob) transcripts at the nad5-1550 and cob-908 sites, respectively. Its putative ortholog, MITOCHONDRIAL EDITING FACTOR29, fulfills the same role in Arabidopsis thaliana. Both the maize and the Arabidopsis proteins show preferential localization to mitochondria but are also detected in chloroplasts. In maize, the corresponding ppr2263 mutation causes growth defects in kernels and seedlings. Embryo and endosperm growth are reduced, leading to the production of small but viable kernels. Mutant plants have narrower and shorter leaves, exhibit a strong delay in flowering time, and generally do not reach sexual maturity. Whereas mutant chloroplasts do not have major defects, mutant mitochondria lack complex III and are characterized by a compromised ultrastructure, increased transcript levels, and the induction of alternative oxidase. The results suggest that mitochondrial RNA editing at the cob-908 site is necessary for mitochondrion biogenesis, cell division, and plant growth in maize

Inventory of post-mortem cuts and / or saw marks on bones

<p>Inventory of post-mortem cuts and / or saw marks on bones</p

Protocol for Embalming Hearts.

<p>The major blood vessels were severed at the point where they exited the heart. The heart was covered with either grain or vegetable fiber that was also inserted into the ventricles. Two of the four well-preserved hearts had been embalmed, with incisions made in each of the atria to allow the ventricles to be padded individually, thereby maintaining as much as possible their original shape (A). The right ventricles of the other two hearts had been slit open from the apex to the top of the atrium, after which the interventricular septum was cut, thus merging the two ventricular cavities, which were then filled with either fiber or grain or both (B). PA: pulmonary artery; Ao: aorta; LV: left ventricle; RV: right ventricle; IVS: interventricular septum; tv: tricuspid valve; mv: mitral valve.</p

Craniotomies.

<p>(A) Examples of subhorizontal to suboblique craniotomies from the Jacobins’ convent. (B) Details of bone lesions from the skull in grave 1189: (1) sawing marks, (2) fine grooves due to the removal of the teguments. (C) Illustration of Dionis’s recommended process (1765).</p

Tomodensitometric examination.

<p>(A) The meninges had fallen and begun decomposing but the cerebral parenchyma resting against the posterior section of the cranium is still visible (Skull axial plan). (B) Skull and cervical vertebrae sagittal plan showing evidence of intentional cranial deformation. (C) The pericardial sac is empty. The hyperdense aspect of the posterior thoracic soft tissues as well as the bone structures are visible (axial plan). (D) Dense kidney stones are visible on the abdomino-pelvic coronal plan.</p

The funerary monument to Louis XII and Anne de Bretagne.

<p>(A) Basilica of Saint Denis. (B) Detail photograph of the incision on the Queen's abdominal wall.</p