La pratique infirmière de promotion de la santé et de prévention en CSSS, mission CLSC : de la volonté à la réalité : Rapport synthèse ; vol. 11, no 2

La série "Rapport synthèse" met en relief les faits saillants des principales études, recherches, projets d'intervention ou promotion réalisés dans les différents domaines de la santé publique.Ce rapport synthèse présente les résultats d'une étude réalisée en étroite collaboration par des chercheurs de la Direction de santé publique de l'Agence de la santé et des services sociaux de Montréal (DSP,de l'Université de Montréal et de quatre centres de santé et de services sociaux de Montréal(CSSS).Cette démarche participative s'inscrit dans une volonté d'ajuster la recherche aux réalités des CSSS, dans le but de formuler des recommandations et d'entreprendre des actions afin de favoriser une actualisation accrue de la pratique infirmière de promotion de la santé et de prévention dans une perspective populationnelle

Comprehensive evaluation of human-derived anti-poly-GA antibodies in cellular and animal models of C9orf72 disease

Hexanucleotide G4C2 repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene are the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Dipeptide repeat proteins (DPRs) generated by translation of repeat-containing RNAs show toxic effects in vivo as well as in vitro and are key targets for therapeutic intervention. We generated human antibodies that bind DPRs with high affinity and specificity. Anti-GA antibodies engaged extra- and intra-cellular poly-GA and reduced aggregate formation in a poly-GA overexpressing human cell line. However, antibody treatment in human neuronal cultures synthesizing exogenous poly-GA resulted in the formation of large extracellular immune complexes and did not affect accumulation of intracellular poly-GA aggregates. Treatment with antibodies was also shown to directly alter the morphological and biochemical properties of poly-GA and to shift poly-GA/antibody complexes to more rapidly sedimenting ones. These alterations were not observed with poly-GP and have important implications for accurate measurement of poly-GA levels including the need to evaluate all centrifugation fractions and disrupt the interaction between treatment antibodies and poly-GA by denaturation. Targeting poly-GA and poly-GP in two mouse models expressing G4C2 repeats by systemic antibody delivery for up to 16 mo was well-tolerated and led to measurable brain penetration of antibodies. Long-term treatment with anti-GA antibodies produced improvement in an open-field movement test in aged C9orf72450 mice. However, chronic administration of anti-GA antibodies in AAV-(G4C2)149 mice was associated with increased levels of poly-GA detected by immunoassay and did not significantly reduce poly-GA aggregates or alleviate disease progression in this model. Keywords: C9orf72; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; dipeptide repeat proteins; frontotemporal dementia; immunotherap

Presence of task-1 channel in the laryngeal mucosa in the newborn lamb

Nearly 40 potassium channels have been described in respiratory epithelial cells. Of these are found several members of the 4-transmembrane domain, 2-pore K(+) channel family (K2P family), namely Twik-1 and -2, Trek-1 and -2, Task-2, -3, and -4, Thik-1, and KCNK7. The aim of this study was to verify whether the Twik-related acid-sensitive K(+) channel, subtype 1 (Task-1) (also known as KCNK3), is present in the laryngeal mucosa in the newborn lamb. Through the use of immunohistochemistry and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, results indicate that Task-1 protein and mRNA are present in the laryngeal mucosa, in both the ciliated, pseudostratified columnar (respiratory) epithelium and the nonkeratinized, stratified squamous epithelium. The complete ovine Task-1 protein sequence showed high homology levels with previously reported mouse, bovine, and human Task-1 sequences. This includes a complete homology for the C-terminal amino acid sequence, which is mandatory for protein trafficking to the cell membrane. These results represent the first demonstration that Task-1, a pH-sensitive channel responsible for setting membrane potential, is present in the laryngeal mucosa of a newborn mammal

Abnormal Expression Of Homeobox Genes And Transthyretin In C9Orf72 Expansion Carriers

Objective: We performed a genome-wide brain expression study to reveal the underpinnings of diseases linked to a repeat expansion in chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72). Methods: The genome-wide expression profile was investigated in brain tissue obtained from C9ORF72 expansion carriers (n = 32), patients without this expansion (n = 30), and controls (n = 20). Using quantitative real-time PCR, findings were confirmed in our entire pathologic cohort of expansion carriers (n = 56) as well as nonexpansion carriers (n = 31) and controls (n = 20). Results: Our findings were most profound in the cerebellum, where we identified 40 differentially expressed genes, when comparing expansion carriers to patients without this expansion, including 22 genes that have a homeobox (e.g., HOX genes) and/or are located within the HOX gene cluster (top hit: homeobox A5 [HOXA5]). In addition to the upregulation of multiple homeobox genes that play a vital role in neuronal development, we noticed an upregulation of transthyretin (TTR), an extracellular protein that is thought to be involved in neuroprotection. Pathway analysis aligned with these findings and revealed enrichment for gene ontology processes involved in (anatomic) development (e.g., organ morphogenesis). Additional analyses uncovered that HOXA5 and TTR levels are associated with C9ORF72 variant 2 levels as well as with intron-containing transcript levels, and thus, disease-related changes in those transcripts may have triggered the upregulation of HOXA5 and TTR. Conclusions: In conclusion, our identification of genes involved in developmental processes and neuroprotection sheds light on potential compensatory mechanisms influencing the occurrence, presentation, and/or progression of C9ORF72-related diseases

La formation professionnelle et technique

La couv. porte en outre: La formation professionnelle et techniqueGlossaire: p.

La Formation complémentaire de la main-d'oeuvre au Québec : étude réalisée par la Direction de la formation professionnelle du Ministère de l'éducation du Québec et présentée au Conseil des ministres de l'éducation (Canada) /

Éd. rév.La couv. porte en outre: La formation professionnelle au secondaireBibliogr.: p. 46Notes bibliogr. au bas des p

Alzheimer dans la cité

Ploton Louis, Dubuc Nicole, Gendron Marie, Ankri Joël. Alzheimer dans la cité. In: Santé, Société et Solidarité, n°1, 2006. Vieillissement et santé : idées reçues, idées nouvelles. pp. 97-105

La formation professionnelle et technique

La couv. porte en outre: La formation professionnelle et techniqu