1,077 research outputs found
A Mass Matrix for Atmospheric, Solar, and LSND Neutrino Oscillations
We construct a mass matrix for the four neutrino flavors, three active and
one sterile, needed to fit oscillations in all three neutrino experiments:
atmospheric, solar, and LSND, simultaneously. It organizes the neutrinos into
two doublets whose central values are about 1 eV apart, and whose splittings
are of the order of 10^(-3) eV. Atmospheric neutrino oscillations are described
as maximal mixing within the upper doublet, and solar as the same within the
lower doublet. Then LSND is a weak transition from one doublet to the other. We
comment on the Majorana versus Dirac nature of the active neutrinos and show
that our mass matrix can be derived from an S_2 x S_2 permutation symmetry plus
an equal splitting rule.Comment: 4 pages, 0 figures, minor text change
Network analysis of a corpus of undeciphered Indus civilization inscriptions indicates syntactic organization
Archaeological excavations in the sites of the Indus Valley civilization
(2500-1900 BCE) in Pakistan and northwestern India have unearthed a large
number of artifacts with inscriptions made up of hundreds of distinct signs. To
date there is no generally accepted decipherment of these sign sequences and
there have been suggestions that the signs could be non-linguistic. Here we
apply complex network analysis techniques to a database of available Indus
inscriptions, with the aim of detecting patterns indicative of syntactic
organization. Our results show the presence of patterns, e.g., recursive
structures in the segmentation trees of the sequences, that suggest the
existence of a grammar underlying these inscriptions.Comment: 17 pages (includes 4 page appendix containing Indus sign list), 14
figure
Does Young's equation hold on the nanoscale? A Monte Carlo test for the binary Lennard-Jones fluid
When a phase-separated binary () mixture is exposed to a wall, that
preferentially attracts one of the components, interfaces between A-rich and
B-rich domains in general meet the wall making a contact angle .
Young's equation describes this angle in terms of a balance between the
interfacial tension and the surface tensions ,
between, respectively, the - and -rich phases and the wall,
. By Monte Carlo simulations
of bridges, formed by one of the components in a binary Lennard-Jones liquid,
connecting the two walls of a nanoscopic slit pore, is estimated from
the inclination of the interfaces, as a function of the wall-fluid interaction
strength. The information on the surface tensions ,
are obtained independently from a new thermodynamic integration method, while
is found from the finite-size scaling analysis of the
concentration distribution function. We show that Young's equation describes
the contact angles of the actual nanoscale interfaces for this model rather
accurately and location of the (first order) wetting transition is estimated.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Obesity/Overweight and the Role of Working Conditions: A Qualitative and Participatory Investigation
This study identified the unique barriers low-wage workers face to sustaining a healthy weight, and presented results at a public forum in the fall, 2012. That presentation is galvanizing policy makers, employers, and employees to action. Presenters will explain how this academic-community partnership is translating research results into policy change. This presentation is part of the mini-symposium titled: How Community-Academic Partnership Initiatives Can Contribute to Translational Research
Floquet theory of neutrino oscillations in the earth
We review the Floquet theory of linear differential equations with periodic
coefficients and discuss its applications to neutrino oscillations in matter of
periodically varying density. In particular, we consider parametric resonance
in neutrino oscillations which can occur in such media, and discuss
implications for oscillations of neutrinos traversing the earth and passing
through the earth's core.Comment: LaTeX, 28 pages, 8 eps figures. Contribution to the special issue of
Yad. Fiz. dedicated to the memory of A.B. Migda
A Study of the Day - Night Effect for the Super - Kamiokande Detector: I. Time Averaged Solar Neutrino Survival Probability
This is the first of two articles aimed at providing comprehensive
predictions for the day-night (D-N) effect for the Super-Kamiokande detector in
the case of the MSW \nu_e \to \numt transition solution of the solar neutrino
problem. The one-year averaged probability of survival of the solar \nue
crossing the Earth mantle, the core, the inner 2/3 of the core, and the (core +
mantle) is calculated with high precision (better than 1%) using the elliptical
orbit approximation (EOA) to describe the Earth motion around the Sun. Results
for the survival probability in the indicated cases are obtained for a large
set of values of the MSW transition parameters and
from the ``conservative'' regions of the MSW solution,
derived by taking into account possible relatively large uncertainties in the
values of the B and Be neutrino fluxes. Our results show that the
one-year averaged D-N asymmetry in the survival probability for
neutrinos crossing the Earth core can be, in the case of , larger than the asymmetry in the probability for (only mantle
crossing + core crossing) neutrinos by a factor of up to six. The enhancement
is larger in the case of neutrinos crossing the inner 2/3 of the core. This
indicates that the Super-Kamiokande experiment might be able to test the
region of the MSW solution of the solar neutrino
problem by performing selective D-N asymmetry measurements.Comment: LaTeX2e - 18 Text Pages + 21 figures = 39 Pages. - Figures in PS +
text file sk1b14.tex requires two auxiliary files (included
Searching for the MSW Enhancement
We point out that the length scale associated with the MSW effect is the
radius of the Earth. Therefore to verify matter enhancement of neutrino
oscillations, it will be necessary to study neutrinos passing through the
Earth. For the parameters of MSW solutions to the solar neutrino problem, the
only detectable effects occur in a narrow band of energies from 5 to 10 MeV. We
propose that serious consideration be given to mounting an experiment at a
location within 9.5 degrees of the equator.Comment: 10 pages, RevTe
Seasonal Variations of the 7Be Solar Neutrino Flux
Measuring the 7Be solar neutrino flux is crucial towards solving the solar
neutrino puzzle. The Borexino experiment, and possibly the KamLAND experiment,
will be capable of studying the 7Be neutrinos in the near future. We discuss
(1) how the seasonal variation of the Borexino and KamLAND data can be used to
measure the 7Be solar neutrino flux in a background independent way and (2) how
anomalous seasonal variations might be used to discover vacuum neutrino
oscillations, independent of the solar model and the measurement of the
background. In particular, we find that, after three years of Borexino or
KamLAND running, vacuum neutrino oscillations can be either established or
excluded for almost all values of (sin^2 2 theta, Delta m^2) preferred by the
Homestake, GALLEX, SAGE, and Super-Kamiokande data. We also discuss how well
seasonal variations of the data can be used to measure (sin^2 2 theta, Delta
m^2) in the case of vacuum oscillations.Comment: 39 pages, 13 figures, uses psfig. Now the impact of the MSW effect on
vacuum oscillations taken into account. Conclusions unchanged. References
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