2,117 research outputs found
Synchronization of unidirectional time delay chaotic networks and the greatest common divisor
We present the interplay between synchronization of unidirectional coupled
chaotic nodes with heterogeneous delays and the greatest common divisor (GCD)
of loops composing the oriented graph. In the weak chaos region and for GCD=1
the network is in chaotic zero-lag synchronization, whereas for GCD=m>1
synchronization of m-sublattices emerges. Complete synchronization can be
achieved when all chaotic nodes are influenced by an identical set of delays
and in particular for the limiting case of homogeneous delays. Results are
supported by simulations of chaotic systems, self-consistent and mixing
arguments, as well as analytical solutions of Bernoulli maps.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
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Catastrophic stress corrosion failure of Zr-base bulk metallic glass through hydrogen embrittlement
Zr-base bulk metallic glasses (BMG) are prone to pitting corrosion in halide containing solutions and also stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is often interpreted in this context. This work presents in situ SCC experiments on notched Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5 (at.%) BMG bars under 3-point bending in dilute NaCl solution. They show that pitting corrosion is only the initiating process. The pitted areas have a lower local corrosion potential and the reaction of Zr4+ to zirconyl ions in solution produces H+ that can be reduced and absorbed in the local acidic environment. So, hydrogen embrittlement causes the observed catastrophic failure and peculiar fracture surface characteristics. © 2019 The Author
Effective Invariant Theory of Permutation Groups using Representation Theory
Using the theory of representations of the symmetric group, we propose an
algorithm to compute the invariant ring of a permutation group. Our approach
have the goal to reduce the amount of linear algebra computations and exploit a
thinner combinatorial description of the invariant ring.Comment: Draft version, the corrected full version is available at
http://www.springer.com
Radiation-Pressure Acceleration of Ion Beams from Nanofoil Targets: The Leaky Light-Sail Regime
A new ion radiation-pressure acceleration regime, the "leaky light sail," is proposed which uses sub-skin-depth nanometer foils irradiated by circularly polarized laser pulses. In the regime, the foil is partially transparent, continuously leaking electrons out along with the transmitted laser field. This feature can be exploited by a multispecies nanofoil configuration to stabilize the acceleration of the light ion component, supplementing the latter with an excess of electrons leaked from those associated with the heavy ions to avoid Coulomb explosion. It is shown by 2D particle-in-cell simulations that a monoenergetic proton beam with energy 18 MeV is produced by circularly polarized lasers at intensities of just 10(19) W/cm(2). 100 MeV proton beams are obtained by increasing the intensities to 2 x 10(20) W/cm(2)
The case for new rural centralities in agricultural enclaves: three scenarios for Muggiano
Agricultural enclaves represent for cities both a challenge, they have to deal with connectivity and development
issues, and an opportunity, they can be considered as resources for achieving major policy objectives such as better
environmental protection or increased local food production.
Among European metropolises, Milan’s case is quite original since it presents unique institutional arrangements and
chiefly its agricultural park (Parco Agricolo Sud Milano – PASM).
The territory of Muggiano is part of the PASM, at the fringe of the municipal territory, cut out from both the rest of
the city and the rest of the park, it is undergoing a slow decline both in its agricultural and urban functions.
Yet, field exploration revealed a more complex territory than expected, carrying a strong latent potential and
presenting different challenges than expected.
In a prospective effort, we elaborated 3 scenarios for the development of Muggiano: from a fully agricultural
production one to another extreme one, focusing on residential uses.
Our exploration led us to concluding that the “rural centrality” scenario, investing fully on agriculture but not only
for its productive function, and spatially balancing the development along a “backbone”, was the best option
Muggiano could go for
Rescue of a genotype 4 human hepatitis E virus from cloned cDNA and characterization of intergenotypic chimeric viruses in cultured human liver cells and in pigs
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important but extremely understudied human pathogen. Genotypes 1 and 2 are restricted to humans, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic, infecting both humans and pigs. This report describes, for the first time, the successful rescue of infectious HEV in vitro and in vivo from cloned cDNA of a genotype 4 human HEV (strain TW6196E). The complete genomic sequence of the TW6196E virus was determined and a full-length cDNA clone (pHEV-4TW) was assembled. Capped RNA transcripts from the pHEV-4TW clone were replication competent in Huh7 cells and infectious in HepG2/C3A cells. Pigs inoculated intrahepatically with capped RNA transcripts from pHEV-4TW developed an active infection, as evidenced by faecal virus shedding and seroconversion, indicating the successful rescue of infectious genotype 4 HEV and cross-species infection of pigs by a genotype 4 human HEV. To demonstrate the utility of the genotype 4 HEV infectious clone and to evaluate the potential viral determinant(s) for species tropism, four intergenotypic chimeric clones were constructed by swapping various genomic regions between genotypes 1 and 4, and genotypes 1 and 3. All four chimeric clones were replication competent in Huh7 cells, but only the two chimeras with sequences swapped between genotypes 1 and 4 human HEVs produced viruses capable of infecting HepG2/C3A cells. None of the four chimeras was able to establish a robust infection in pigs. The availability of a genotype 4 HEV infectious clone affords an opportunity to delineate the molecular mechanisms of HEV cross-species infection in the future
The case for new rural centralities in agricultural enclaves: three scenarios for Muggiano
Agricultural enclaves represent for cities both a challenge, they have to deal with connectivity and development
issues, and an opportunity, they can be considered as resources for achieving major policy objectives such as better
environmental protection or increased local food production.
Among European metropolises, Milan\u2019s case is quite original since it presents unique institutional arrangements and
chiefly its agricultural park (Parco Agricolo Sud Milano \u2013 PASM).
The territory of Muggiano is part of the PASM, at the fringe of the municipal territory, cut out from both the rest of
the city and the rest of the park, it is undergoing a slow decline both in its agricultural and urban functions.
Yet, field exploration revealed a more complex territory than expected, carrying a strong latent potential and
presenting different challenges than expected.
In a prospective effort, we elaborated 3 scenarios for the development of Muggiano: from a fully agricultural
production one to another extreme one, focusing on residential uses.
Our exploration led us to concluding that the \u201crural centrality\u201d scenario, investing fully on agriculture but not only
for its productive function, and spatially balancing the development along a \u201cbackbone\u201d, was the best option
Muggiano could go for
Nonlocal mechanism for cluster synchronization in neural circuits
The interplay between the topology of cortical circuits and synchronized
activity modes in distinct cortical areas is a key enigma in neuroscience. We
present a new nonlocal mechanism governing the periodic activity mode: the
greatest common divisor (GCD) of network loops. For a stimulus to one node, the
network splits into GCD-clusters in which cluster neurons are in zero-lag
synchronization. For complex external stimuli, the number of clusters can be
any common divisor. The synchronized mode and the transients to synchronization
pinpoint the type of external stimuli. The findings, supported by an
information mixing argument and simulations of Hodgkin Huxley population
dynamic networks with unidirectional connectivity and synaptic noise, call for
reexamining sources of correlated activity in cortex and shorter information
processing time scales.Comment: 8 pges, 6 figure
Extracting Structural Information of a Heteropolymer from Force-Extension Curves
We present a theory for the reverse analysis on the sequence information of a
single H/P two-letter random hetero-polymer (RHP) from its force-extension(f-z)
curves during quasi static stretching. Upon stretching of a self-assembled RHP,
it undergoes several structural transitions. The typical elastic response of a
hetero-polymeric globule is a set of overlapping saw-tooth patterns. With
consideration of the height and the position of the overlapping saw-tooth
shape, we analyze the possibility of extracting the binding energies of the
internal domains and the corresponding block sizes of the contributing
conformations.Comment: 5 figures 7 page
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