Comunicación para una mejor salud global

Este siglo ha sido testigo de extraordinarios avances en el terreno de la salud pública. Los grandes logros sanitarios de las últimas décadas forman parte de las principales transformaciones sociales de nuestro siglo. En el campo de la salud global, los grandes éxitos implican nuevos retos. Monika Gehner, desde el Departamento de Promoción de la salud de la OMS, adelanta algunas líneas de trabajo que deberán afrontarse en el próximo milenio. = This century has borne witness to extraordinary advances in the area of public healthcare. The great achievements in health in recent decades form part of the principal social transformations of our century. In the field of global health, big successes involve new challenges. Monika Gehner, from the department of health awareness of the WHO, suggests somo lines of work which will need to tackled in the coming millennium

Should we redefine meiofaunal organisms? The impact of mesh size on collection of meiofauna with special regard to nematodes

Ptatscheck C, Gehner S, Traunspurger W. Should we redefine meiofaunal organisms? The impact of mesh size on collection of meiofauna with special regard to nematodes. Aquatic Ecology. 2020;54:1135–1143.Meiofaunal organisms are the predominant metazoans in benthic systems and important members of the benthic food web. They are defined by mesh size and specifically by their retention on a sieve with a 44-µm mesh size. In this study, we examined the accuracy of this standard collection method by counting the number of meiobenthic individuals, life stages and nematode species in a sample. A filter cascade consisting of five different mesh sizes (41 µm, 30 µm, 20 µm, 10 µm and 1 µm) was used to fractionate a natural freshwater meiobenthic collection, and the individuals in each fraction were then counted. In line with the current definition of meiofauna, all tardigrades, microcrustaceans, chironomids and oligochaetes were retained by the largest mesh size, whereas 9% of the rotifers were first retained on the 30-µm meshes. For nematodes, 23% were not retained on the 41-µm meshes and individuals were collected even from the 1-µm fraction. With declining mesh size, the yield of retained nematodes increased, the age structure shifted to juveniles, evenness declined, and the species composition changed. As all of these findings were significant, this study therefore shows that the current definition of meiofauna is not sufficient to encompass the entire spectrum of meiofauna present in a sample and may result in misleading assessments of the diversity and composition of these organisms. We therefore propose that, especially for nematodes, a definition based on a smaller mesh size (at least 20 µm) is more appropriate

Balancing the benefits and risks of public–private partnerships to address the global double burden of malnutrition

Objective: Transnational food, beverage and restaurant companies, and their corporate foundations, may be potential collaborators to help address complex public health nutrition challenges. While UN system guidelines are available for private-sector engagement, non-governmental organizations (NGO) have limited guidelines to navigate diverse opportunities and challenges presented by partnering with these companies through public&ndash;private partnerships (PPP) to address the global double burden of malnutrition.Design: We conducted a search of electronic databases, UN system websites and grey literature to identify resources about partnerships used to address the global double burden of malnutrition. A narrative summary provides a synthesis of the interdisciplinary literature identified.Results: We describe partnership opportunities, benefits and challenges; and tools and approaches to help NGO engage with the private sector to address global public health nutrition challenges. PPP benefits include: raising the visibility of nutrition and health on policy agendas; mobilizing funds and advocating for research; strengthening food-system processes and delivery systems; facilitating technology transfer; and expanding access to medications, vaccines, healthy food and beverage products, and nutrition assistance during humanitarian crises. PPP challenges include: balancing private commercial interests with public health interests; managing conflicts of interest; ensuring that co-branded activities support healthy products and healthy eating environments; complying with ethical codes of conduct; assessing partnership compatibility; and evaluating partnership outcomes.Conclusions: NGO should adopt a systematic and transparent approach using available tools and processes to maximize benefits and minimize risks of partnering with transnational food, beverage and restaurant companies to effectively target the global double burden of malnutrition.<br /

Aufbau und Test der Elektronik fuer die erste Triggerstufe und die Laufzeitmessung des SAPHIR-Detektors

SIGLEAvailable from Bonn Univ. (DE). Physikalisches Inst. / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman