"The Way We Do It Here": Mapping Digital Forensics Workflows in Collecting Institutions

This paper presents the findings of semi-structured interviews with archivists and curators applying digital forensics tools and practices to the management of born-digital content. The interviews were designed to explore which digital forensic tools are in use, how they are implemented within a digital forensics workflow, and what further challenges and opportunities such use may present. Findings indicate that among interview participants these tools are beneficial in the capture and preservation of born-digital content, particularly with digital media such as external hard drives, and optical or floppy disks. However, interviews reveal that metadata generated from the use of such tools is not easily translated into the arrangement, description, and provision of access to born-digital content.Master of Science in Library Scienc

High dams and marine-freshwater linkages: Effects on native and introduced fauna in the Caribbean

Caribbean streams are dominated by a shrimp and fish assemblage for which amphidromy (eggs or larvae carried to the ocean followed by migration of juveniles upriver) is suspected. Effects of dams on this assemblage are likely to demonstrate complex interactions as a function of reproductive strategy and type of dam structure. Our goals were to determine (1) whether high dams reduce or eliminate stream corridor permeability with respect to migration, (2) the extent to which permeability is a function of spillway discharge, (3) the relative roles of native fauna and disturbance suppression (in this case, river regulation) as predictors of success by exotic fishes, and (4) the uniformity and extent of obligate amphidromy in this assemblage. We sampled adults and juveniles of shrimps and fishes in Puerto Rican streams via electrofishing and sampled shrimp larvae with drift nets. Replicate stream reaches were assigned to the following five categories: undammed, above or below dams, and with or without water released over spillways. Dams without such discharge were impermeable barriers that eliminated all native fish and shrimp fauna from upstream reaches. Though more permeable, dams with spillway discharge had smaller populations of native species above these structures than below the dams or on undammed streams. Our data on adult and larval distributions, combined with the absence of first-stage shrimp larvae, indicate that amphidromy is obligate for most of the native fauna. Disturbance regime appeared to be a poor predictor of successful invasion by exotics in this system, whereas exotic abundance was consistently inversely related to abundance and species richness of native fauna across all sampling categories. The prevalent amphidromy in these streams provides a tight marine-upland linkage that is disrupted by dams in several ways. We recommend adding shrimp and fishways to dams on these tropical streams.Efectos de Reservorios de Agua Elevados y Conexiones Marino-Agua Dulce en la Fauna Nativa e Introducida del CaribeLos ríos del Caribe están dominados por una comunidad compleja de camarones y peces los cuáles se sospecha que la gran mayoría son anfidromos (los huevos y larvas regresan al mar antes de que los juveniles migren río arriba). Es probable que los efectos de las represas de agua se expresen como interacciones complicadas entre el diseño de las estructuras y las estrategias reproductivas de estos animales. Nuestras metas fueron las de determinar: (1) si las represas elevadas reducen o eliminan la permeabilidad del río con respecto a la migración de este complejo de animales, (2) hasta donde el tipo de permeabilidad es una función de la descarga por el derramadero, (3) los roles relativos de la fauna nativa y la supresión por perturbación como pronosticadores del éxito de las especies de peces exóticas, y (4) la uniformidad y la extensión de la anfidromía obligada en este complejo de organismos. Se colectaron muestras en algunos ríos en Puerto Rico usando técnicas de equipo de electropesca y redes de plancton. Se tomaron réplicas en ríos similares o ramales de ríos que fueron asignados a las siguientes categorías: sin represa u obstrucción, río arriba y río abajo de las represas con o sin descarga por encima de la represa. Represas sin descarga por encima constituyen obstáculos impermeables que eliminaron los peces y camarones nativos de arriba de las presas. Las represas con descarga encima, aunque eran más permeable, redujeron significativamente las poblaciones de camarones y peces río arriba de las estructuras. Los datos de distribuciones de adultos y larvas, considerando particularmente que solamente encontramos larvas de camarones de la primera etapa, indican que la vida anfidroma es obligada para los peces y camarones nativos. Parece que el régimen de perturbación no es un buen pronosticador de la habilidad de invasión de los peces exóticos, considerando que su abundancia era inversamente proporcional a la abundancia de especies nativas en todas las categoría de ríos muestreados. La prevalencia de anfidromos en estos ríos indica un enlace fuerte entre el mar y los sitios río arriba que puede ser perturbada por la construcción de represas o varias escalas de consideración. Nosotros recomendamos la siembra de peces y camarones en las represas construidas en estos ríos tropicales

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic investigation of the durability of siloxane plasma polymer coatings in a steam atmosphere

We study two functionals of a random matrix A with independent elements uniformly distributed over the cyclic group of integers {0, 1, . . ., M-1} modulo M. One of them, V0(A) with mean μ, gives the total number of solutions for a generalised birthday problem, and the other, W(A) with mean λ, gives the number of solutions detected by Wagner\u27s tree based algorithm.We establish two limit theorems. Theorem 2.1 describes an asymptotical behaviour of the ratio λ/μ as M→∞. Theorem 2.2 gives bounds for the total variation distance between Poisson distribution and distributions of V0 and W