Secuencias de cultivo alternativas para incrementar el potencial forrajero y productividad del agua

Intensification of forage production during fall-winter season may improve productivity of cropping systems. The objective of this study was to determine the forage potential and water productivity (WP) of alternative crop sequences with double-crop during fall-winter season. The study was conducted during 2012-2013 y 2013-2014 cycles in Matamoros, Coahuila, México. The alternative crop sequences canola-triticale-corn, canola-barley-corn, canola-safflower-corn and canola-triticale-pearl millet were compared with the conventional crop sequences oat-corn-corn and oat-sorghum-sorghum. Forage chemical composition, dry matter (DM) and nutrient yields, and WP values for DM, crude protein (CP) and net energy for lactation (NEL) production were determined. Alternative crop sequences showed higher yields (11.4-53.3 %) and superior WP values (23.1-58.9 %) in CP production (P0.05) or higher (P0.05) o mayores (P<0.05) a los de la secuencia avena-maíz-maíz con 1.65-1.99 kg m-3 para MS y 11.09-13.72 MJ m-3 para ENL. Los resultados indican que las secuencias alternativas con doble cosecha en otoño-invierno pueden mejorar la eficiencia de producción de forraje

EVALUACIÓN ECONÓMICA DE LA UTILIZACIÓN DE BIOFERTILIZANTES EN PARCELAS DE PRODUCTORES DE FRIJOL DE TEMPORAL EN EL ESTADO DE DURANGO, MÉXICO

In Durango State, Mexico, the production of beans is usually performed under adverse condition including: use of expensive and polluting chemical fertilizers, agriculture lands poor in organic material and erratic rainfall conditions. All this adversely affects the environment, the physical and economic returns and which expression is a low standard of living of farmers. To assist in improving these conditions and reduce environmental damage, this study was implemented with the aim of analyzing the economic feasibility of the use of mycorrhiza (Glomus Intraradices)and chemical fertilizer on beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under rainfed conditions, in the spring-summer seasons of 2008 and 2009. The transfer of technology was done by researchers of the National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research (INIFAP) - Valle del Guadiana and productions was in direct seeding with producers under their own productions system. The evaluation was carried out in the municipalities of Guadalupe Victoria,Cuencame, Peñon Blanco and Panuco de Coronado of the Durango state, Mexico. In the economic evaluation the methodology known as "Partial Budget" of CIMMYT was used. The results indicate that mycorrhizal fertilization practices are recommended for rainfed bean producers because the benefits outweight the costs incurred by doubling the rates of return

Uso e impacto de los programas gubernamentales de apoyo al sector agropecuario de la Comarca Lagunera de Durango, México

The objective of this work was to analyze the government programs to support the countryside in the Comarca Lagunera de Durango, its origin, coverage, destination, follow-up and impacts. The research was conducted with a case study approach. A questionnaire was designed and applied with which 89 producers were interviewed. Little follow-up was found for the programs derived from the weak agricultural extension system in the region. The resources that the Federal Government has allocated to support the countryside have not been reflected in the fulfillment of the main objective of the Program for the Promotion of Agriculture of increasing the productivity of the production units. Key words: subsidies, procampo, proagro, operating rules, case study.El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar los programas gubernamentales de apoyo al campo en la Comarca Lagunera de Durango, su origen, cobertura, destino, seguimiento e impactos. La investigación se realizó con un enfoque de estudio de caso. Se diseñó y aplicó un cuestionario con el que se entrevistaron a 89 productores. Se encontró poco seguimiento a los programas derivado del débil sistema de extensionismo agropecuario en la región. Los recursos que el Gobierno Federal ha destinado para el apoyo al campo no se han reflejado en el cumplimiento del objetivo principal del Programa de Fomento a la Agricultura de incrementar la productividad de las unidades de producción