Nonparametric regression penalizing deviations from additivity

Due to the curse of dimensionality, estimation in a multidimensional nonparametric regression model is in general not feasible. Hence, additional restrictions are introduced, and the additive model takes a prominent place. The restrictions imposed can lead to serious bias. Here, a new estimator is proposed which allows penalizing the nonadditive part of a regression function. This offers a smooth choice between the full and the additive model. As a byproduct, this penalty leads to a regularization in sparse regions. If the additive model does not hold, a small penalty introduces an additional bias compared to the full model which is compensated by the reduced bias due to using smaller bandwidths. For increasing penalties, this estimator converges to the additive smooth backfitting estimator of Mammen, Linton and Nielsen [Ann. Statist. 27 (1999) 1443-1490]. The structure of the estimator is investigated and two algorithms are provided. A proposal for selection of tuning parameters is made and the respective properties are studied. Finally, a finite sample evaluation is performed for simulated and ozone data.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053604000001246 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org

Impact for Agents

Impact for agents. Most of the agent research community has been predicting greater impact for years and many of us have been working to help the process along. Yet the tremendous growth on the research front has not been met with

Note on Strange Quarks in the Nucleon

Scalar matrix elements involving strange quarks are studied in several models. Apart from a critical reexamination of results obtained in the Nambu and Jona-Lasinio model we study a scenario, motivated by instanton physics, where spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking is induced by the flavor-mixing 't Hooft interaction only. We also investigate possible contributions of virtual kaon loops to the strangeness content of the nucleon.Comment: 12 pages, latex style. One figure, available from the author upon request. University of Regensburg TPR-94-0

On the large-NcN_c behavior of the L7L_7 coupling in χ\chiPT

It is shown that the usual large-$N_c$ counting of the coupling constant $L_{7}$ of the ${\cal O}(p^4)$ low-energy chiral $SU(3)$ Lagrangian \cite{GL85} is in conflict with general properties of QCD in the large-$N_c$ limit. The solution of this conflict within the framework of a chiral $U(3)$ Lagrangian is explained.Comment: 6 pages, latex(includes macro at the beginning of file), no figure

Nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation of the structural mean of a sample of curves

A random sample of curves can be usually thought of as noisy realisations of a compound stochastic process X(t) = Z{W(t)}, where Z(t) produces random amplitude variation and W(t) produces random dynamic or phase variation. In most applications it is more important to estimate the so-called structural mean µ(t) = E{Z(t)} than the crosssectional mean E{X(t)}, but this estimation problem is difficult because the process Z(t) is not directly observable. In this paper we propose a nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator of µ(t). This estimator is shown to be {surd}n-consistent and asymptotically normal under the assumed model and robust to model misspecification. Simulations and a realdata example show that the proposed estimator is competitive with landmark registration, often considered the benchmark, and has the advantage of avoiding time-consuming and often infeasible individual landmark identificatio

Chiral Lagrangians at finite density

The effective SU(2) chiral Lagrangian with external sources is given in the presence of non-vanishing nucleon densities by calculating the in-medium contributions of the chiral pion-nucleon Lagrangian. As a by product, a relativistic quantum field theory for Fermi many-particle systems at zero temperature is directly derived from relativistic quantum field theory with functional methods.Comment: 6 Pages, 3 figures, REVTeX. Extended version. Explicit Feynman rules are give

QCD S Parameter from Inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter Equation

We calculate the low-energy parameter S in QCD, which is also known as L_{10}, and the pion decay constant f_\pi using inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equation in improved ladder approximation. To extract these quantities we calculate the ``V-A'' two-point function, \Pi_{VV}(q^2) - \Pi_{AA}(q^2), in space-like region. We obtain S = 0.43 \sim 0.48, which is about 30% larger than the experimental value. The calculated f_\pi is well consistent with the result by solving the homogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equation for pion. We also evaluate $S$ parameter in SU(3) gauge theory with N_D doublets of fermions in connection with walking technicolor model, and find that the value of S/N_D hardly depends on N_D.Comment: 22 pages (LaTeX), 6 PostScript figures are included as uuencoded-compressed-tar file at the end (need 'epsf.tex' macro package), KUNS-1270 HE(TH)94/0

Threshold Photo/Electro Pion Production - Working Group Summary

We summarize the pertinent experimental and theoretical developments in the field of pion photo- and electroproduction in the threshold region. We discuss which experiments and which calculations should be done/performed in the future.Comment: plain TeX (macro included), 6pp, summary talk presented at the workshop on "Chiral Dynamics: Theory and Experiments", MIT, July 25-29, 199

Chiral Corrections to Lattice Calculations of Charge Radii

Logarithmic divergences in pion and proton charge radii associated with chiral loops are investigated to assess systematic uncertainties in current lattice determinations of charge radii. The chiral corrections offer a possible solution to the long standing problem of why present lattice calculations yield proton and pion radii which are similar in size.Comment: PostScript file only. Ten pages. Figures included. U. of MD Preprint #92-19