Characteristics of sustainable polyculture production systems on terra firme.

The combination of soil science, forestry, agronomy and biology allowed an analytical comparison of various experimental mixed culture systems. From these studies, a descriptor system was developed which allows to understand the contribution of each plant species to nutrient cycling, water distribution, litter formation, overall biomass production and crop production. This knowledge allows to combine plants so that their properties interact to form a system, which minimizes mineral losses and which regulates air humidity and water distribution and thus leads to stable crop production. The general conclusion which can be drawn after eight years of polyculture study is: a) stable productions systems for samllholder families have bee developed; b) the systems are variable; they can be adapted to the respective site conditions; c) the manager of these plantations requires a deeper understanding of the cultivation systems and an intensive dissemination of knowledge and a well develope on-farm training system for farmers

Characteristics of sustainable polyculture production systems on terra firme.

The combination of soil science, forestry, agronomy and biology allowed an analytical comparison of various experimental mixed culture systems. From these studies, a descriptor system was developed which allows to understand the contribution of each plant species to nutrient cycling, water distribution, litter formation, overall biomass production and crop production. This knowledge allows to combine plants so that their properties interact to form a system, which minimizes mineral losses and which regulates air humidity and water distribution and thus leads to stable crop production. The general conclusion which can be drawn after eight years of polyculture study is: a) stable productions systems for samllholder families have bee developed; b) the systems are variable; they can be adapted to the respective site conditions; c) the manager of these plantations requires a deeper understanding of the cultivation systems and an intensive dissemination of knowledge and a well develope on-farm training system for farmers

"Hot" Surface Activation of Molecular Complexes: Insight from Modeling Studies

Rock-and-roll over hot floors: Theoretical modeling of the first activation stages of a Cu complex on top of a heated surface (750 K) revealed two mobility regimes, a slow bump-and-rock diffusion over the surface and a fast roll-and-go motion accompanied by significant temperature-induced bond oscillations. This study enables a deeper insight into "hot" surface molecular activation processes.Tanz auf dem Vulkan: Das Modellieren der ersten Aktivierungsstufen eines Cu-Komplexes auf einer beheizten Oberfl\ue4che (750\u2005K) enth\ufcllte zwei Bewegungsarten: eine langsame Diffusion durch \u201eAnsto fen und Taumeln\u201c und eine schnelle Rollbewegung, die mit deutlichen temperaturinduzierten Bindungsoszillationen einhergeht. Diese Befunde geben einen Einblick in die Prozesse bei der Aktivierung durch \u201ehei fe\u201c Oberfl\ue4chen

Pest and disease incidence in agroforestry systems of the Brazilian Central Amazon.

In Central Amazonia there are no examples of pests or diseases whose incidence is reduced in agroforestry systems

An accurate and transferable machine learning potential for carbon

We present an accurate machine learning (ML) model for atomistic simulations of carbon, constructed using the Gaussian approximation potential (GAP) methodology. The potential, named GAP-20, describes the properties of the bulk crystalline and amorphous phases, crystal surfaces, and defect structures with an accuracy approaching that of direct ab initio simulation, but at a significantly reduced cost. We combine structural databases for amorphous carbon and graphene, which we extend substantially by adding suitable configurations, for example, for defects in graphene and other nanostructures. The final potential is fitted to reference data computed using the optB88-vdW density functional theory (DFT) functional. Dispersion interactions, which are crucial to describe multilayer carbonaceous materials, are therefore implicitly included. We additionally account for long-range dispersion interactions using a semianalytical two-body term and show that an improved model can be obtained through an optimization of the many-body smooth overlap of atomic positions descriptor. We rigorously test the potential on lattice parameters, bond lengths, formation energies, and phonon dispersions of numerous carbon allotropes. We compare the formation energies of an extensive set of defect structures, surfaces, and surface reconstructions to DFT reference calculations. The present work demonstrates the ability to combine, in the same ML model, the previously attained flexibility required for amorphous carbon [V. L. Deringer and G. Csányi, Phys. Rev. B 95, 094203 (2017)] with the high numerical accuracy necessary for crystalline graphene [Rowe et al., Phys. Rev. B 97, 054303 (2018)], thereby providing an interatomic potential that will be applicable to a wide range of applications concerning diverse forms of bulk and nanostructured carbon

Development and production of cupuaçu plants (Theobroma grandiflorum) on degraded areas: implications of water relations.

In the study presented here we investigated the development and production of the crop tree Theobroma grandiflorum (in Brazil named "cupuaçu") under varying agro-environments

Ocorrência de Colletotrichum sp. em pimenta de cheiro (Capsicum chinense) no Amazonas.

Na literatura são citadas, pelo menos, três espécies do gênero de Colletotrichum como os causadores da antracnose em pimenta-de-cheiro (Capsicum chinense). Os objetivos foram descrever os sintomas e identificar morfologicamente o agente causal da antracnose no Amazonas

O ROMANCE HISTÓRICO NA AMÉRICA LATINA – NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS PARA O PASSADO

The question that involves the comparative studies between Latin American Literature and European Literature also involves aspects related to the autonomy of production, to the possibility of producing a literary work without importing it from another country or culture, what would be a shape or perspective already developed and exhaustively copied. In this sense, it is necessary to see that breaking up with the European literary tradition brings the fact that the literary works developed in Latin American countries have their own aesthetic value, and their independence happened separately from the relationships of political and economical “submission” and “independence”. Such separation happens mainly due to the production of new historical novels in Latin America. This paper aims to reflect on the relationship between literature and history, as well as to point out the origin and the main characteristics of the new Latin American historical novel, considering it as a way to propose a revision about the European cultural tradition, that for a long time was imposed on to the American territory. A questão que envolve os estudos comparados entre a literatura latino-americana e a europeia envolve aspectos relacionados à autonomia de produção, à possibilidade de produzir uma obra literária sem ter que importar de outro país ou cultura, uma forma ou perspectiva já desenvolvida e exaustivamente copiada. Nesse sentido, há que se observar que surge o problema de que o “rompimento” com a tradição literária europeia, primeiramente, tem que considerar que as literaturas desenvolvidas nos países da América Latina possuem um valor estético próprio, não desde sua origem, claro, mas que sua independência se deu de forma apartada das relações de “submissão” e “independência” político-econômica. Tal afastamento se dá em muito graças à produção de novos romances históricos no âmbito da América Latina. No decorrer desse trabalho se terá como objetivos principais tecer relações entre literatura e história, bem como realizar apontamentos sobre a origem e as principais características do novo romance histórico latino americano, considerando esse como uma forma de propor uma revisão acerca da tradição cultural europeia, que por muito tempo foi imposta no território Americano.&nbsp