Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en el ritmo circadiano del infarto agudo de miocardio

Introducción y objetivos. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la influencia de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables en el ritmo circadiano del infarto agudo de miocardio. Pacientes y método. Análisis retrospectivo de 54.249 pacientes incluidos en la base de datos del proyecto ARIAM con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio. Se analizan las variables hora de inicio, edad, sexo, cardiopatía isquémica previa, estado en el momento del alta de la unidad coronaria, antecedentes familiares de cardiopatía isquémica, accidente cerebrovascular previo, hipertensión arterial, dislipemia, diabetes, tabaquismo y reinfarto. El análisis de ritmo se ha efectuado utilizando un test simple de igualdad de series basado en el análisis cosinor de múltiples sinusoides, eligiendo 3 armónicos (24,12 y 8 h) para su ajuste. Resultados. La hora de inicio del infarto muestra ritmo circadiano (p < 0,01) con pico a las 10,07 y valle a las 4,46 h. Todos los subgrupos categorizados por la presencia de las variables analizadas presentaron ritmo circadiano, con una curva ajustada de aspecto sinusoidal. Los pacientes con diabetes, reinfarto y tabaquismo muestran una curva sinusoidal de aspecto bimodal. Conclusiones. El infarto agudo de miocardio presenta ritmo circadiano. La diabetes, el tabaquismo y el reinfarto pueden modificar el ritmo habitual de aparición del infart

Hospitalization and Socio-Health Care for Dementia in Spain

Dementias are brain diseases that affect long-term cognitive and behavioral functions and cause a decrease in the ability to think and remember that is severe enough to disturb daily functioning. In Spain, the number of people suffering from dementia is rising due to population ageing. Reducing admissions, many of them avoidable, would be advantageous for patients and care-providers. Understanding the correlation of admission of people with dementia and its trends in hospitalization would help us to understand the factors leading to admission. We conducted a cross-sectional study of the hospital discharge database of Castilla y Le&oacute;n from 2005 to 2015, selecting hospitalizations for dementia. Trends in hospitalizations by year and age quartiles were studied by joinpoint regression analysis. 2807 out of 2,717,192 total hospitalizations (0.10%) were due to dementias; the main groups were degenerative dementia (1907) followed by vascular dementia (607). Dementias are not a major cause of hospitalization, but the average stay and cost are high, and many of them seem avoidable. Decreasing trends were detected in hospitalization rates for all dementias except for the group of mild cognitive impairment, which grew. An increasing&ndash;decreasing joinpoint detected in 2007 for vascular dementia and the general downward hospitalization trends for most dementias suggest that socio-health measures established since 2007 in Spain might play a key role in reducing hospitalizations