Dynamical Systems from Uniform Completions

Let $\left(X,\mathcal{U}\right)$ be a compact uniform space, $\sum$ the set of natural numbers or the integers, $\varphi\;:\; X\;\longrightarrow\; X$ a continuous function or a homeomorphism. Given the dynamical system $\left(X,\varphi,\sum\right)$, an extension $\left(K,\widehat{\varphi,}\sum\right)$, can be constructed by letting K be the uniform completion of $\left(X,\mathcal{V}\right)$, where $\mathcal{V}$ is a totally bounded uniformity fi{}ner than $\mathcal{U}$. If D$_{f}$ means for the set $$\left\{ x\:\epsilon\: X\:\mid\: f\::(X,\mathcal{U})\longrightarrow\mathbb{C}\; is\; discontinuous\; at\; x\right\} ,$$ we prove that, if C(K) contains a dense subset E which contains no characteristic functions of singletons and such that, for each $f\epsilon E$ , there exists a fi{}nite subset F of D$_{f}$ with $D_{f}\backslash F$ discrete (in $\left(X,\mathcal{U}\right)$), then $\left(K,\widehat{\varphi,}\sum\right)$ inherits the properties of minimality and topological transitivity from $\left(X,\varphi,\sum\right)$. Several open questions are posed

DIVERSIDAD METABÓLICA FUNCIONAL DE COMUNIDADES MICROBIANAS ASOCIADAS A SUELO RIZOSFÉRICO DE MAÍZ (Zea mays L.) RAZAS AMARILLO-ZAMORANO Y JALA

Information about functional diversity (metabolic potential) is essential to understand the role of microbial communities in different environments. The Biolog System® methodology was introduced into ecological studies to estimate the metabolic potential of microbial communities, which can be determined through the estimation of an index of functional diversity, allowing to establish comparisons between different communities and following the evolution of a specific community when facing the variations of environmental conditions. In this study, samples from the soil of maize (Zea mays L.) rhizosphere cultivars Amarillo-Zamorano and Jala were analyzed, in different cultivation stages. The functional characterizationwas founded on determining the physiological profile of the microbial community, in which its metabolic behavior is determined against a set of substrates and carbon sources with the aim of establishinga characteristic response pattern in vitro and physiological profile at the level of community that offer the advantage of not requiring the isolation of axenic crops. The analyses of functional metabolic diversitythrough estimation of the AWCD and the Shannon-Weaver Index, served as useful indicators that evidenced that there are changes in the functional diversity of microbial communities, both in the different stages of the cultivation and in the different cultivars of maize evaluated.La información sobre la diversidad funcional (potencial metabólico) es esencial para la comprensión del papel de las comunidades microbianas en diferentes entornos. La metodología de Biolog System® se introdujo en los estudios ecológicos para estimar el potencial metabólico de las comunidades microbianas, la cual se pueden determinar mediante la estimación de un índice de diversidad funcional, que permite establecer comparaciones entre comunidades distintas y seguir la evolución de una comunidad en específico frente a las variaciones de las condiciones ambientales. En el presente este estudio, se analizaron muestras de suelo de la rizósfera de maíz (Zea mays L.) razas amarillo-zamorano y Jala, en diferentes etapas de cultivo. La caracterización funcional se fundamentó en la determinación del perfil fisiológico de la comunidad microbiana, en la cual se determina su comportamiento metabólico contra un conjunto de sustratos y fuentes de carbono con el fin de establecer un patrón característico de respuesta in vitro y perfil fisiológico a nivel de comunidad que ofrece la ventaja de que no requiere el aislamiento de cultivos axénicos. Los análisisde la diversidad metabólica funcional mediante la estimación del AWCD y el índice de Shannon-Weaver como indicadores útiles que evidenciaron que existen cambios en la diversidad funcional de las comunidades microbianas tanto en las diferentes etapas del cultivo como en las diferentes razas de maíz evaluadas

Registro de Plagiometriona clavata (Fabricius 1798) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) en chile silvestre Capsicum annuum, de Baja California Sur, México

Plagiometriona clavata Fabricius, 1798 is reported for the first time on Capsicum annuum var. aviculare, considerated like the wild progenitor of the cultivated chiles.Plagiometriona clavata Fabricius, 1798 is reported for the first time on Capsicum annuum var. aviculare, considerated like the wild progenitor of the cultivated chiles

Comportamiento mecánico de restos de pirámides y templos americanos y los edificios históricos construidos sobre ellos

Una característica bastante habitual de monumentos y edificios históricos suele ser el estar construidos sobre otros edificios que bien fueron demolidos para levantar los actuales o bien fueron olvidados. Las nuevas construcciones suelen estar edificadas en parte sobre rellenos artificiales relativamente blandos y sobre zonas rígidas, restos de los muros anteriores. Esta disposición llega a provocar una serie de patologías características. Un caso singular de este tipo de levantamientos es la construcción de iglesias y palacios en Hispanoamérica sobre los restos de las antiguas pirámides. Además de los casos en México D.F., existen bastantes poblaciones en Guatemala y en el resto de México con pirámides parcialmente destruidas que están siendo o fueron utilizadas como base para cimentaciones de “nuevos” edificios históricos. Existen también otros casos en los que, al no disponer de cubrición en su parte superior, permiten el paso del agua de lluvia. En este artículo se muestra como el comportamiento de estas pirámides y construcciones antiguas incluidas en el terreno es más parecido al de estructuras de contención (muros) que al de plataformas horizontales debido a que el agua de lluvia aumenta los empujes sobre las capas exteriores y estos edificios, como sucede con pirámides de Guatemala y México, sufren una degradación importante. Además, se demuestra el efecto de rigidización lateral del terreno y reducción de asientos en las construcciones cimentadas sobre suelos que contienen estos restos, los cuales suponen una mejora importante de la capacidad portante.Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran CanariaColegio Oficial de Ingenieros Industriales de CanariasAgencia Canaria de Investigación, Innovación y Sociedad de la Informació

Assessing inequities in heat pump adoption across the U.S

Electrifying space heating is essential to reduce climate impacts in the building sector, and heat pumps have emerged as an energy-efficient and increasingly cost-effective solution. However, other clean energy technologies (e.g., rooftop solar) are less likely to be adopted in underserved communities, and thus policies incentivizing their adoption can be regressive. Unlike previously-studied technologies, the effects of heat pumps on energy bills may be positive or negative, and thus inequities in their adoption are context specific. Here we propose a framework for identifying inequities in heat pump adoption and map these inequities across the U.S. We find that households in communities of color and with high percentages of renters are adopting heat pumps at lower rates across the board, but differences are largest in areas where heat pumps are likely to reduce energy bills. Public policies must address these inequities to advance beneficial electrification and energy justice

Effective forces in colloidal mixtures: from depletion attraction to accumulation repulsion

Computer simulations and theory are used to systematically investigate how the effective force between two big colloidal spheres in a sea of small spheres depends on the basic (big-small and small-small) interactions. The latter are modeled as hard-core pair potentials with a Yukawa tail which can be both repulsive or attractive. For a repulsive small-small interaction, the effective force follows the trends as predicted by a mapping onto an effective non-additive hard-core mixture: both a depletion attraction and an accumulation repulsion caused by small spheres adsorbing onto the big ones can be obtained depending on the sign of the big-small interaction. For repulsive big-small interactions, the effect of adding a small-small attraction also follows the trends predicted by the mapping. But a more subtle ``repulsion through attraction'' effect arises when both big-small and small-small attractions occur: upon increasing the strength of the small-small interaction, the effective potential becomes more repulsive. We have further tested several theoretical methods against our computer simulations: The superposition approximation works best for an added big-small repulsion, and breaks down for a strong big-small attraction, while density functional theory is very accurate for any big-small interaction when the small particles are pure hard-spheres. The theoretical methods perform most poorly for small-small attractions.Comment: submitted to PRE; New version includes an important quantitative correction to several of the simulations. The main conclusions remain unchanged thoug

Histamine signaling and metabolism identify potential biomarkers and therapies for lymphangioleiomyomatosis

Biomarcador; Histamina; LimfangioleiomiomatosiBiomarcador; Histamina; LinfangioleiomiomatosisBiomarker; Histamine; LymphangioleiomyomatosisInhibition of mTOR is the standard of care for lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). However, this therapy has variable tolerability and some patients show progressive decline of lung function despite treatment. LAM diagnosis and monitoring can also be challenging due to the heterogeneity of symptoms and insufficiency of non-invasive tests. Here, we propose monoamine-derived biomarkers that provide preclinical evidence for novel therapeutic approaches. The major histamine-derived metabolite methylimidazoleacetic acid (MIAA) is relatively more abundant in LAM plasma, and MIAA values are independent of VEGF-D. Higher levels of histamine are associated with poorer lung function and greater disease burden. Molecular and cellular analyses, and metabolic profiling confirmed active histamine signaling and metabolism. LAM tumorigenesis is reduced using approved drugs targeting monoamine oxidases A/B (clorgyline and rasagiline) or histamine H1 receptor (loratadine), and loratadine synergizes with rapamycin. Depletion of Maoa or Hrh1 expression, and administration of an L-histidine analog, or a low L-histidine diet, also reduce LAM tumorigenesis. These findings extend our knowledge of LAM biology and suggest possible ways of improving disease management.This research was supported by AELAM, The LAM Foundation (Seed Grant 2019), Instituto de Salud Carlos III grants PI15/00854, PI18/01029, and ICI19/00047 (co-funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), a way to build Europe), Generalitat de Catalunya SGR grants 2014-364 and 2017-449, the CERCA Program, and ZonMW-TopZorg grant 842002003. C.L.M. acknowledges the financial support (PRA-2017-51 project) of the University of Pisa. A.U.K. is supported by Nottingham Trent University’s Independent Fellowship Scheme