Uso e ocupação das APPs em áreas de fundo de vale no perímetro urbano de Londrina - PR, utilizando imagem de alta resolução

In the city of Londrina, there are several conflicts of social and environmental order, due to their process of occupation and rapid growth. Among these conflicts, there is an illegal occupation in bottom of valley areas, in this sense this study aims to evaluate the permanent bottom valley areas preservation, using high spatial resolution images from the satellite Quickbird and techniques of Geoprocessing and Remote Sensing using the SPRING software. These tools had propitiated the analysis of the areas of APPs, where if it evidenced visually, through the orbital image and of the works of field, that in some areas the pertinent legislation to the protection is not being respected, that is, diverse areas of deep of valley are being busy for irregular uses as it shows the present work.Na cidade de Londrina existem vários conflitos de ordem social e ambiental decorrente de seu processo de ocupação e rápido crescimento. Entre estes conflitos, estão às ocupações irregulares em fundos de vale. Neste sentido este estudo teve como objetivo mapear as Áreas de Preservação Permanente - APPs de fundo de vale utilizando imagens de alta resolução espacial do satélite Quickbird e técnicas Geoprocessamento por meio do software SPRING. Estas ferramentas propiciaram a análise das áreas de APPs, onde se constatou visualmente, através da imagem orbital e dos trabalhos de campo, que em várias áreas a legislação pertinente à proteção não está sendo respeitada, ou seja, diversas áreas de fundo de vale estão sendo ocupadas por usos irregulares como mostra o presente trabalho

Uso e ocupação das APPs em áreas de fundo de vale no perímetro urbano de Londrina - PR, utilizando imagem de alta resolução

In the city of Londrina, there are several conflicts of social and environmental order, due to their process of occupation and rapid growth. Among these conflicts, there is an illegal occupation in bottom of valley areas, in this sense this study aims to evaluate the permanent bottom valley areas preservation, using high spatial resolution images from the satellite Quickbird and techniques of Geoprocessing and Remote Sensing using the SPRING software. These tools had propitiated the analysis of the areas of APPs, where if it evidenced visually, through the orbital image and of the works of field, that in some areas the pertinent legislation to the protection is not being respected, that is, diverse areas of deep of valley are being busy for irregular uses as it shows the present work.Na cidade de Londrina existem vários conflitos de ordem social e ambiental decorrente de seu processo de ocupação e rápido crescimento. Entre estes conflitos, estão às ocupações irregulares em fundos de vale. Neste sentido este estudo teve como objetivo mapear as Áreas de Preservação Permanente - APPs de fundo de vale utilizando imagens de alta resolução espacial do satélite Quickbird e técnicas Geoprocessamento por meio do software SPRING. Estas ferramentas propiciaram a análise das áreas de APPs, onde se constatou visualmente, através da imagem orbital e dos trabalhos de campo, que em várias áreas a legislação pertinente à proteção não está sendo respeitada, ou seja, diversas áreas de fundo de vale estão sendo ocupadas por usos irregulares como mostra o presente trabalho

Cobertura da terra do Estado de São Paulo utilizando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e dados do sensor MODIS

This paper aims to present a methodology for mapping land cover using the sensor Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Were used the bands 1, 2 and 6 of product MOD13 (tile H13V11). The data have been redesigned and converted to then be imported into the software SPRING. The linear spectral mixture model was applied to generate fraction images for enhancing the information of land cover. Then the image segmentation by region growing, using the thresholds 8 and 4 for similarity and area, respectively was performed. Following the unsupervised classification from ISOSEG classifier was performed, testing the acceptance thresholds of 75 and 90% for each date. The evaluation was done by comparing the resulting map with the Forest Institute vegetation cover map and the CANASAT/INPE sugar cane map as the reference maps. The image edition was necessary to correct areas where there was more confusion, improving the classification. The resulting map includes the following classes: Urban, Water Bodies, the Remaining native vegetation, Forest, Sugar cane, and Other. The results showed that the MODIS sensor data can be used in monitoring and mapping land cover in the State of São Paulo, at the regional level, and can also be tested for other regions.Pages: 6524-653

Ambiente virtual de aprendizagem MOODLE associado à disciplina de geoprocessamento

Currently, the Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), including the Internet, has helped the educational institutions to provide a new way of learning to students, especially when they use Virtual Learning Environments (VLE). These environments aim to provide to teachers and students a place where the exchange information, the research, the construction of projects and the development of knowledge, defy time and space. This work aims to investigate the implementation of the virtual learning environment Moodle GIS course in the discipline of Geography, State University of Londrina - UEL. The association of this type of classroom teaching, supported by a virtual learning environment, allows concluding that the pedagogical use of that technology favors and encourages the study and learning, and assists in the teaching process related to the evaluation and enables the provision of educational materials and democratization.Pages: 3367-337

Dinâmica e distribuição das áreas alteradas por ação antrópica no Cerrado matogrossense no período de 2002 a 2008

The Cerrado biome has approximately two million square kilometers, which represents 23% of the country extension. With a large territory, it is considered one of the hotspots of the Planet, ie, a priority area for conservation. However, with favorable soil and climate characteristics, this biome has become the subject of great affluence for agricultural purposes since the 1970s. With government incentives, conditions for the expansion of agriculture were created. All these factors were decisive to the expansion of so-called "agricultural frontier, which provided important positive impacts on the Brazilian economy. However, concomitantly, increasing environmental changes are observed in this biome. The anthropogenic occupation has as the first action the deforestation and the reduction of native vegetation, and much of this occupation is linked to agricultural activity. Among several States which compose this biome, Mato Grosso has a prominent place in national agricultural production, primarily due to soybean and corn plantations. Thus, this study aims to determine the dynamics and the spatial distribution changes due to anthropogenic activities in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso state in the 2002 to 2008 time period. The deforested data from the analyzed period were obtained from Projeto de Monitoramento do Desmatamento dos Biomas Brasileiros por Satélite (PMDBBS). These information were intersected with mesoregions, soil, vegetation and geomorphological maps of the study area. The results showed that highest conversions occurred in North mesoregion. The predominant vegetation type deforested was the wooded savanna and according to the soil and geomorphological maps, the results demonstrated a preference for deep soils and plan relief.Pages: 6642-664

Avaliação das imagens do produto MCD45 do sensor MODIS para a identificação de áreas queimadas

The fire activity is one of the most important types of the vegetation conversion, releasing carbon stocks into the atmosphere and causing changes in the biosphere-atmosphere components. Therefore, the mapping and quantitative information about the spatial and temporal distribution of these events are of fundamental importance, not only for forest and land resources, but to assist in the representation of the physicalchemical and biological in the atmospheric models and studies of climate change. Thus, this study evaluated the product MCD45A1 of MODIS sensor, which represents the daily burned areas, by comparing this product with the mapping done using Linear Spectral Mixture Model (MLME) in one image of surface reflectance (MOD09GA) of MODIS and in one TM/Landsat-5 image considered as reference data. The mapping realized using MOD09GA product omitted 56.51% and included 79.78% of the burning areas when comparing with the reference image. The results of MCD45A1 product proved to be worse, because the commission error was 2.31% and the omission error was 96.36%. This error can be coupled to the interference of the clouds optical depth and plumes, the lack of data from sensors at the time of a fire occurrence and especially to the spatial resolution conflicts, since the majority fires that occur in South America are smaller than the spatial resolution of 500 meters of the product. So most of the burned areas occurring in Brazil are not detected by the MODIS product MCD45A1.Pages: 7942-794