Orthodontic and orthopaedic treatment for anterior open bite in children (Review)

Background: Anterior open bite occurs when there is a lack of vertical overlap of the upper and lower incisors. The aetiology is multifactorial including: oral habits, unfavourable growth patterns, enlarged lymphatic tissue with mouth breathing. Several treatments have been proposed to correct this malocclusion, but interventions are not supported by strong scientific evidence. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate orthodontic and orthopaedic treatments to correct anterior open bite in children. Search methods: The following databases were searched: the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 14 February 2014); the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL)(The Cochrane Library 2014, Issue 1); MEDLINE via OVID (1946 to 14 February 2014); EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 14 February 2014); LILACS via BIREME Virtual Health Library (1982 to 14 February 2014); BBO via BIREME Virtual Health Library (1980 to 14 February 2014); and SciELO (1997 to 14 February 2014). We searched for ongoing trials via ClinicalTrials.gov (to 14 February 2014). Chinese journals were handsearched and the bibliographies of papers were retrieved. Selection criteria: All randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials of orthodontic or orthopaedic treatments or both to correct anterior open bite in children. Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently assessed the eligibility of all reports identified. Risk ratios (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for dichotomous data. The continuous data were expressed as described by the author. Main results: Three randomised controlled trials were included comparing: effects of Frankel's function regulator-4 (FR-4) with lip-seal training versus no treatment; repelling-magnet splints versus bite-blocks; and palatal crib associated with high-pull chincup versus no treatment.The study comparing repelling-magnet splints versus bite-blocks could not be analysed because the authors interrupted the treatment earlier than planned due to side effects in four of ten patients.FR-4 associated with lip-seal training (RR = 0.02 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.38)) and removable palatal crib associated with high-pull chincup (RR = 0.23 (95% CI 0.11 to 0.48)) were able to correct anterior open bite.No study described: randomisation process, sample size calculation, there was not blinding in the cephalometric analysis and the two studies evaluated two interventions at the same time. These results should be therefore viewed with caution. Authors' conclusions: There is weak evidence that the interventions FR-4 with lip-seal training and palatal crib associated with high-pull chincup are able to correct anterior open bite. Given that the trials included have potential bias, these results must be viewed with caution. Recommendations for clinical practice cannot be made based only on the results of these trials. More randomised controlled trials are needed to elucidate the interventions for treating anterior open bite

Análisis de programas de mejora continua. Un estudio longitudinal en una empresa industrial

Las empresas han utilizado diversas herramientas que permiten que los operarios contribuyan al proceso de mejora continua. Entre las herramientas más usadas podemos destacar los sistemas de sugerencias tanto individuales como en grupo. En esta comunicación haremos un repaso de las principales características de ambos sistemas y los modos habituales de implantación. Nuestra ponencia pretende intentar responder a estas preguntas de investigación. ¿Qué resultados se derivan de la implantación de sistemas de sugerencias individuales o en grupo? ¿Cuál de los dos sistemas es más beneficioso para la empresa? ¿Qué problemas surgen durante el funcionamiento de estos programas? Para ello, analizaremos los datos de un caso de empresa industrial donde hemos recogido los datos históricos de 5 años de aplicación de un programa de mejora continua. Ambos programas han demostrado ser provechosos para la empresa, aunque las posibilidades de los sistemas de grupo parecen ser significativamente mayores

Zoneamento de áreas brasileiras favoráveis ao parasitoide Tetrastichus giffardianus e a Bactrocera dorsalis.

RESUMO: Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912) (Diptera: Tephritidae) é um inseto exótico, altamente polífago e considerado praga quarentenária ausente (PQA) no Brasil. Dentre os registros sobre controle biológico de B. dorsalis no exterior está a ação do parasitoide Tetrastichus giffardianus Silvestri (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) sobre larvas dessa praga. Apesar de sua introdução no Brasil em 1937, para o controle biológico clássico da mosca-das-frutas-domediterrâneo, a presença desse parasitoide foi registrada a partir de 1999. Assim, ele está disponível como alternativa para o controle de B. dorsalis caso essa PQA entre no País. Esta pesquisa apresenta o zoneamento territorial de áreas brasileiras favoráveis à ocorrência do parasitoide T. giffardianus em áreas aptas ao maior desenvolvimento de B. dorsalis no Brasil. Áreas nacionais citadas na literatura técnico-científica com presença de T. giffardianus e dados climáticos recuperados de WorldClim e BDMEP/INMET foram considerados em um modelo de nicho ecológico usando o algoritmo Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Production (GARP) na plataforma OpenModeller, para identificar áreas nacionais favoráveis ao bioagente. Essas informações foram disponibilizadas em planos de informações, o que viabilizou seu cruzamento com o zoneamento territorial de áreas brasileiras favoráveis ao desenvolvimento de B. dorsalis apresentado em literatura nacional, que considera 18 cultivos hospedeiros no Brasil. O resultado viabilizou o zoneamento territorial de áreas nacionais aptas para T. giffardianus e B. dorsalis e indicou favorabilidade ao uso do parasitoide em todas as regiões do Brasil, exceto na região Sul. Os resultados subsidiam estratégias preventivas de defesa fitossanitária com foco nesta PQA.Evento online. CIIC 2022. Nº 22504

Zoneamento de áreas brasileiras favoráveis ao parasitoide Tetrastichus giffardianus e a Bactrocera dorsalis.

RESUMO: Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel, 1912) (Diptera: Tephritidae) é um inseto exótico, altamente polífago e considerado praga quarentenária ausente (PQA) no Brasil. Dentre os registros sobre controle biológico de B. dorsalis no exterior está a ação do parasitoide Tetrastichus giffardianus Silvestri (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) sobre larvas dessa praga. Apesar de sua introdução no Brasil em 1937, para o controle biológico clássico da mosca-das-frutas-domediterrâneo, a presença desse parasitoide foi registrada a partir de 1999. Assim, ele está disponível como alternativa para o controle de B. dorsalis caso essa PQA entre no País. Esta pesquisa apresenta o zoneamento territorial de áreas brasileiras favoráveis à ocorrência do parasitoide T. giffardianus em áreas aptas ao maior desenvolvimento de B. dorsalis no Brasil. Áreas nacionais citadas na literatura técnico-científica com presença de T. giffardianus e dados climáticos recuperados de WorldClim e BDMEP/INMET foram considerados em um modelo de nicho ecológico usando o algoritmo Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Production (GARP) na plataforma OpenModeller, para identificar áreas nacionais favoráveis ao bioagente. Essas informações foram disponibilizadas em planos de informações, o que viabilizou seu cruzamento com o zoneamento territorial de áreas brasileiras favoráveis ao desenvolvimento de B. dorsalis apresentado em literatura nacional, que considera 18 cultivos hospedeiros no Brasil. O resultado viabilizou o zoneamento territorial de áreas nacionais aptas para T. giffardianus e B. dorsalis e indicou favorabilidade ao uso do parasitoide em todas as regiões do Brasil, exceto na região Sul. Os resultados subsidiam estratégias preventivas de defesa fitossanitária com foco nesta PQA.Evento online. CIIC 2022. Nº 22504

Current overview and potential applications of the soil ecosystem services approach in Brazil.

A pressão humana sobre os serviços ecossistêmicos tem resultado em impactos indesejáveis sobre o bem-estar humano. Com o Projeto Millennium, várias pesquisas interdisciplinares têm sido desenvolvidas em todo o mundo com o objetivo de entender esses impactos sobre os fluxos e os processos dos ecossistemas e internalizar os custos e os benefícios dos serviços ecossistêmicos para a produção. O solo fornece muitos serviços ecossistêmicos, uma vez que sua multifuncionalidade é a base para a produção de alimentos, filtração de água, ciclagem de nutrientes e outros bens essenciais à vida. Este artigo apresenta os principais conceitos e classificações dos serviços ecossistêmicos do solo e de suas funções; os indicadores e os métodos de avaliação, modelagem e valoração dos serviços ecossistêmicos; algumas aplicações recentes para avaliar impactos de práticas de manejo agrícola sobre os serviços ecossistêmicos do solo; bem como os desafios e as oportunidades para a pesquisa e para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas relacionadas à sustentabilidade agroambiental no Brasil. Apesar de o papel do solo para prestação de serviços ecossistêmicos ainda ser subestimado, os cientistas têm gradualmente reconhecido os processos e as funções do solo como fundamentais para avaliar os serviços ecossistêmicos e os efeitos do uso e manejo da terra sobre eles. Abordagens interdisciplinares que integrem ciência e políticas públicas são necessárias para construir uma governança com base em serviços ecossistêmico

Event-by-event mean pT fluctuations in pp and Pb–Pb collisions at the LHC

Event-by-event fluctuations of the mean transverse momentum of charged particles produced in pp collisions at √s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV, and Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV are studied as a function of the chargedparticle multiplicity using the ALICE detector at the LHC. Dynamical fluctuations indicative of correlated particle emission are observed in all systems. The results in pp collisions show little dependence on collision energy. The Monte Carlo event generators PYTHIA and PHOJET are in qualitative agreement with the data. Peripheral Pb–Pb data exhibit a similar multiplicity dependence as that observed in pp. In central Pb–Pb, the results deviate from this trend, featuring a significant reduction of the fluctuation strength. The results in Pb– Pb are in qualitative agreement with previous measurements in Au–Au at lower collision energies and with expectations from models that incorporate collective phenomena

Charged jet cross sections and properties in proton-proton collisions at √s =7 TeV

The differential charged jet cross sections, jet fragmentation distributions, and jet shapes are measured in minimum bias proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energy √s=7 TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC. Jets are reconstructed from charged particle momenta in the midrapidity region using the sequential recombination kT and anti-kT as well as the SISCone jet finding algorithms with several resolution parameters in the range R ¼ 0.2–0.6. Differential jet production cross sections measured with the three jet finders are in agreement in the transverse momentum (pT) interval 20 < pjet;ch T < 100 GeV=c. They are also consistent with prior measurements carried out at the LHC by the ATLAS Collaboration. The jet charged particle multiplicity rises monotonically with increasing jet pT, in qualitative agreement with prior observations at lower energies. The transverse profiles of leading jets are investigated using radial momentum density distributions as well as distributions of the average radius containing 80% (hR80i) of the reconstructed jet pT. The fragmentation of leading jets with R ¼ 0.4 using scaled pT spectra of the jet constituents is studied. The measurements are compared to model calculations from event generators (PYTHIA, PHOJET, HERWIG). The measured radial density distributions and hR80i distributions are well described by the PYTHIA model (tune Perugia-2011). The fragmentation distributions are better described by HERWIG

J/ψ suppression at forward rapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

The inclusive J/ ψ production has been studied in Pb–Pb and pp collisions at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN=5.02 TeV , using the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The J/ ψ meson is reconstructed, in the centre-of-mass rapidity interval 2.5 < y < 4 and in the transverse-momentum range pT < 12 GeV/c , via its decay to a muon pair. In this Letter, we present results on the inclusive J/ ψ cross section in pp collisions at s=5.02 TeV and on the nuclear modification factor RAA . The latter is presented as a function of the centrality of the collision and, for central collisions, as a function of the transverse momentum pT of the J/ ψ . The measured RAA values indicate a suppression of the J/ ψ in nuclear collisions and are then compared to our previous results obtained in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV . The ratio of the RAA values at the two energies is also computed and compared to calculations of statistical and dynamical models. The numerical value of the ratio for central events (0–10% centrality) is 1.17±0.04(stat)±0.20(syst) . In central events, as a function of pT , a slight increase of RAA with collision energy is visible in the region 2 < pT < 6 GeV/c . Theoretical calculations qualitatively describe the measurements, within uncertainties

First measurement of jet mass in Pb–Pb and p–Pb collisions at the LHC

This letter presents the first measurement of jet mass in Pb–Pb and p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV and √sNN = 5.02 TeV, respectively. Both the jet energy and the jet mass are expected to be sensitive to jet quenching in the hot Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) matter created in nuclear collisions at collider energies. Jets are reconstructed from charged particles using the anti-kT jet algorithm and resolution parameter R = 0.4. The jets are measured in the pseudorapidity range |ηjet| < 0.5 and in three intervals of transverse momentum between 60 GeV/c and 120 GeV/c. The measurement of the jet mass in central Pb–Pb collisions is compared to the jet mass as measured in p–Pb reference collisions, to vacuum event generators, and to models including jet quenching. It is observed that the jet mass in central Pb–Pb collisions is consistent within uncertainties with p–Pb reference measurements. Furthermore, the measured jet mass in Pb–Pb collisions is not reproduced by the quenching models considered in this letter and is found to be consistent with PYTHIA expectations within systematic uncertaintie