619 research outputs found
Clinicopathological Conference: Abnormal Sex Characteristics and Intracranial Mass
Clinicopathlogical conference transcript from the Medical College of Virginia. Discussants include Clark T. Randt, Gerald A. Gildersleeve, and Julio H. Garcia
Towards the deformation quantization of linearized gravity
We present a first attempt to apply the approach of deformation quantization
to linearized Einstein's equations. We use the analogy with Maxwell equations
to derive the field equations of linearized gravity from a modified Maxwell
Lagrangian which allows the construction of a Hamiltonian in the standard way.
The deformation quantization procedure for free fields is applied to this
Hamiltonian. As a result we obtain the complete set of quantum states and its
discrete spectrum.Comment: 13 pages, no figures **preliminary entry **
How Prosecutors and Defense Attorneys Differ in Their Use of Neuroscience Evidence
Much of the public debate surrounding the intersection of neuroscience and criminal law is based on assumptions about how prosecutors and defense attorneys differ in their use of neuroscience evidence. For example, according to some commentators, the defenseâs use of neuroscience evidence will abdicate criminals of all responsibility for their offenses. In contrast, the prosecutionâs use of that same evidence will unfairly punish the most vulnerable defendants as unfixable future dangers to society. This âdouble- edged swordâ view of neuroscience evidence is important for flagging concerns about the lawâs construction of criminal responsibility and punishment: it demonstrates that the same information about the defendant can either be mitigating or aggravating depending on who is raising it. Yet empirical assessments of legal decisions reveal a far more nuanced reality, showing that public beliefs about the impact of neuroscience on the criminal law can often be wrong. This Article takes an evidence-based and multidisciplinary approach to examining how courts respond to neuroscience evidence in capital cases when the defense presents it to argue that the defendantâs mental state at the time of the crime was below the given legal requisite due to some neurologic or cognitive deficiency
Testing balanced counseling to improve provider-client interaction in Guatemala\u27s MOH clinics
The job aidsâassisted Balanced Counseling Strategy adopted by Guatemalaâs Ministry of Health required specific instructions for use by nonprofessional providers and an intervention that assured provider compliance with the behavioral requirements of the new paradigm. Results show that the trained providers outperformed the controls in quality of care at each level of session length, but used nine extra minutes per session on average. Nonprofessional providers can take advantage of the job aidsâassisted Balanced Counseling Algorithm and substantially improve their quality of care. Extra time invested in counseling new family planning clients will be easily absorbed insofar as they continue to represent a small portion of the total demand for services at the clinics
Ethyl 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-oxa-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-3-carboxylate: crystal structure and Hirshfeld analysis
The title compound, C14H17NO4, features an epoxide-O atom fused to a pyrrolidyl ring, the latter having an envelope conformation with the N atom being the flap. The 4-methoxyphenyl group is orthogonal to [dihedral angle = 85.02â
(6)°] and lies to the opposite side of the five-membered ring to the epoxide O atom, while the N-bound ethyl ester group (r.m.s. deviation of the five fitted atoms = 0.0187â
Ă
) is twisted with respect to the ring [dihedral angle = 17.23â
(9)°]. The most prominent interactions in the crystal are of the type methine-CâH...O(carbonyl) and these lead to the formation of linear supramolecular chains along the c axis; weak benzene-CâH...O(epoxide) and methine-CâH...O(methoxy) interactions connect these into a three-dimensional architecture. The analysis of the Hirshfeld surface confirms the presence of CâH...O interactions in the crystal, but also the dominance of H...H dispersion contacts.</jats:p
(4-Nitrophenyl)methyl 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-1-carboxylate: crystal structure and Hirshfeld analysis
In the title compound, C12H12N2O4, the dihydropyrrole ring is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.0049 A Ë ) and is nearly coplanar with the adjacent C2O2 residue [dihedral angle = 4.56 (9Ë)], which links to the 4-nitrobenzene
substituent [dihedral angle = 4.58 (8Ë)]. The molecule is concave, with the outer rings lying to the same side of the central C2O2 residue and being inclined to each other [dihedral angle = 8.30 (7Ë)]. In the crystal, supramolecular layers parallel to (105) are sustained by nitrobenzene-CâH...O(carbonyl) and pyrrole-CâH...O(nitro) interactions. The layers are connected into a three- dimensional architecture by Ï(pyrrole)âÏ(nitrobenzene) stacking [inter-centroid separation = 3.7414 (10) A Ë ] and nitro-O...Ï(pyrrole) interactions
Evaluation of the effect of hypothermia by cold water immersion on blood neutrophils and lymphocytes of rats submitted to acute exercise
O estresse sistĂȘmico induzido pelo exercĂcio libera substĂąncias bioativas determinantes da mobilização neutrofĂlica. A crioterapia diminui a reação inflamatĂłria e atenua a elevação da perfusĂŁo sanguĂnea induzida pelo exercĂcio. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a influĂȘncia da hipotermia decorrente da crioimersĂŁo corporal (CIC) imediata ao esforço fĂsico agudo nas concentraçÔes neutrofĂlicas e linfocĂticas no sangue. Os ratos do grupo controle (AI) foram mantidos em repouso enquanto os do grupo AII foram submetidos ao protocolo de CIC a 10ÂșC por 10 minutos. Enquanto os animais dos grupos BI, BII, BIII e BIV realizaram o esforço fĂsico agudo (EFA) em ĂĄgua a 31ÂșC durante 100 minutos com sobrecarga corpĂłrea de 5% do peso corporal, os dos grupos CI, CII, CIII e CIV foram submetidos ao EFA seguido imediatamente de CIC. Nos grupos B e C, os animais foram sacrificados nos perĂodos de 06 (I), 12 (II), 24 (III) e 48 (IV) horas posteriores ao EFA. AtravĂ©s da microscopia Ăłptica realizou-se a contagem dos neutrĂłfilos e linfĂłcitos. Utilizou-se do Teste T Student para anĂĄlise estatĂstica considerando-se nĂvel de significĂąncia p < 0,05. Observou-se uma significativa neutrofilia nos grupos AII, BI, BII, BIII, BIV, CI, CII e CIII em relação a AI, diferentemente do grupo CIV, que apresentou quantidade de neutrĂłfilos igual ao grupo controle. Os valores de linfĂłcitos nos grupos BII, BIII, BIV, CI e CII foram significativamente menores do que AI, e nos grupos AII, BI, CIII e CIV foram iguais a AI. A neutrofilia e a linfopenia posteriores ao intenso exercĂcio agudo sĂŁo mantidas por 48 horas ou mais, porĂ©m, mediante a aplicação da crioimersĂŁo corporal imediata ao exercĂcio, sĂŁo normalizadas em 24 horas.Systemic stress induced by exercise increases bioactive substances in plasma which leads to neutrophilic mobilization. Cryotherapy causes a decrease in the inflammatory reaction and attenuates high blood perfusion after exercise. The objective of this work was to analyze the influence of cold water immersion (CWI) after acute exercise on neutrophil and lymphocyte mobilization. A control group of rats (AI) was kept at rest and a second group (AII) was submitted to CWI at 10Âș C for 10 minutes. The animals of Groups BI, BII, BIII and BIV were submitted to acute exercise which consisted in swimming in water at 31Âș C for 100 minutes with a load equivalent to 5% of the body weight. Groups CI, CII, CIII and CIV were submitted to CWI immediately after acute exercise. The animals were sacrificed at 6 (I), 12 (II), 24 (III) and 48 (IV) hours after the exercise and neutrophil and lymphocyte cells were counted for all groups by optic microscopy. The Student t-test was used for statistical analysis with a significance level of p< 0.05. A significant increase in the number of neutrophils was observed in Groups AII, BI, BII, BIII, BIV, CI, CII and CIII compared to AI. The neutrophil count of the CIV Group was similar to the Control Group. There was a significant drop in the number of lymphocytes in Groups BII, BIII, BIV, CI and CII when compared to Group AI. The lymphocyte count of Groups AII, BI, CIII and CIV were similar to the Control Group. The changes in neutrophil and lymphocyte counts caused by acute exercise were reverted to normal at 24 hours by cold water immersion
1-Ethyl 2-methyl 3,4-bis(acetyloxy)pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylate: crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and computational chemistry
The title compound, C13H19NO8, is based on a tetra-substituted pyrrolidine ring, which has a twisted conformation about the central CâC bond; the CmâCaâCaâCme torsion angle is 38.26â
(15)° [m = methylÂcarboxylÂate, a = acetÂyloxy and me = methylÂene]. While the N-bound ethylÂcarboxylÂate group occupies an equatorial position, the remaining substituents occupy axial positions. In the crystal, supraÂmolecular double-layers are formed by weak methyl- and methylÂene-CâH...O(carbonÂyl) interÂactions involving all four carbonyl-O atoms. The two-dimensional arrays stack along the c axis without directional interÂactions between them. The Hirshfeld surface is dominated by H...H (55.7%) and H...C/C...H (37.0%) contacts; H...H contacts are noted in the inter-double-layer region. The interÂaction energy calculations point to the importance of the dispersion energy term in the stabilization of the crystal
The Modernization of the Autopsy: Application of Ultrastructural and Biochemical Methods to Human Disease
The autopsy has provided, and still provides, the stimulus for many attempts to reproduce disease in experimental animal models. This approach has become increasingly difficult, however, in the case of human disease, principally shock. The study of some pathological states in animal models requires testing in several species and final confirmation in man before this knowledge can be applied to living patients. In our studies the application of cell biology techniques at autopsy has permitted the generation of new hypotheses which are more amenable to further exploration in experimental models and can be more precisely related to human disease
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