Achatina fulica infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis on beaches, in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is considered the main etiological agent of eosinophilic meningitis in humans. At present, this zoonosis is considered an emerging disease mainly in the Americas. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Achatina fulica infected by Angiostrongylus cantonensis in restinga areas along beaches in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil. The study areas included the following beaches: Barra da Tijuca, Recreio dos Bandeirantes, Reserva, Prainha and Grumari. Ninety specimens of Achatina fulica were collected. Positive molluscs were found only in Barra da Tijuca. Infection prevalence was 5.5%. The presence of this parasite in the beachfront areas, in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro city demonstrates the potential risk of infection for visitors and the expansion of this helminth in the State of Rio de Janeiro

Endemic Angiostrongyliasis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-10-06T12:58:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernando_monteiro_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 214467 bytes, checksum: 7938fea29a355143991cd4f518b2d970 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2016-10-06T13:12:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernando_monteiro_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 214467 bytes, checksum: 7938fea29a355143991cd4f518b2d970 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T13:12:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernando_monteiro_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 214467 bytes, checksum: 7938fea29a355143991cd4f518b2d970 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

Biochemical and histological responses of Rattus novergicus (Wistar) infected by Echinostoma paraensei (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae)

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-05-23T17:33:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CleberHooper_RaquelSimoes_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 853779 bytes, checksum: 019e19667bc9f72b6c0d2fca7a066fc7 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-05-23T17:54:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CleberHooper_RaquelSimoes_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 853779 bytes, checksum: 019e19667bc9f72b6c0d2fca7a066fc7 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-05-23T17:54:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CleberHooper_RaquelSimoes_etal_IOC_2011.pdf: 853779 bytes, checksum: 019e19667bc9f72b6c0d2fca7a066fc7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Criação de Animais de Laboratório. Departamento de Controle de Qualidade Animal. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Criação de Animais de Laboratório. Departamento de Controle de Qualidade Animal. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Biologia Animal. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Tests were performed to evaluate the biochemical alterations in Rattus norvegicus after infection by the intestinal trematode Echinostoma paraensei. The rodents received 150 metacercariae each, serum samples were collected and the parasite load was quantified weekly until the fifth week of infection. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALKP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), bilirubin, glucose, total proteins and fractions and hepatic glycogen were determined. All the animals exposed to the metacercariae were infected in the first week and worms were recovered up to the third week after infection. The levels of AST, ALT, GGT, bilirubin and globulin rose in the first and/or second week and declined thereafter to levels near those of the control group. In contrast, the level of total proteins in the plasma fell significantly in the first week while the ALKP activity went down only in the fourth and fifth weeks in relation to the control group. There was no significant difference in the levels of albumin, glycogen and glucose. Infection by E. paraensei in R. norvegicus causes changes in the hepatic function, possibly resulting from the cholestasis produced by the partial obstruction of the bile duct by the helminths

A longitudinal study of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in an urban population of Rattus norvegicus in Brazil: the influences of seasonality and host features on the pattern of infection

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T14:23:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1914 bytes, checksum: 7d48279ffeed55da8dfe2f8e81f3b81f (MD5) arnaldo_maldonadojretal_IOC_2014.pdf: 693929 bytes, checksum: 69ebc877ea297f73b529b83e389f1c0f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Biologia e Parasitologia de Mamíferos Silvestres Reservatórios. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BrasilUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Formação de Professores. Departamento de Geografia. São Gonçalo, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Departamento de Parasitologia Animal. Seropédica, RJ, Brasil.Background: The nematode Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a zoonotic parasite and the most important cause of eosinophilic meningitis worldwide in humans. In Brazil, this disease has been reported in the states of Espírito Santo and Pernambuco. The parasite has been detected in the naturally infected intermediate host, in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Pernambuco and Santa Catarina. The murid Rattus norvegicus R. rattus were recently reported to be naturally infected in Brazil. In this study, we conducted a two-year investigation of the dissemination pattern of A. cantonensis in R. norvegicus in an urban area of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, and examined the influence of seasonality, year, host weight and host gender on parasitological parameters of A. cantonensis in rats. Methods: The study was conducted in an area of Trindade, São Gonçalo municipality, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Prevalence of infected rats, intensity and abundance of A. cantonensis were calculated, and generalized linear models were created and compared to verify the contribution of host gender, host weight, year and seasonality to the variations in A. cantonensis abundance and prevalence in rats. Results: The prevalence of A. cantonensis infection was stable during the rainy (71%, CI 58.9- 81.6) and dry seasons (71%, CI 57.9-80.8) and was higher in older rats and in females. Seasonality, host weight (used as a proxy of animal age) and gender were all contributing factors to variation in parasite abundance, with females and heavier (older) animals showing larger abundance of parasites, and extreme values of parasite abundance being more frequent in the dry season. Conclusions: The high prevalence of this parasite throughout the study suggests that its transmission is stable and that conditions are adequate for the spread of the parasite to previously unaffected areas. Dispersion of the parasite to new areas may be mediated by males that tend to have larger dispersal ability, while females may be more important for maintaining the parasite on a local scale due to their higher prevalence and abundance of infection. A multidisciplinary approach considering the ecological distribution of the rats and intermediate hosts, as well as environmental features is required to further understand the dynamics of angiostrongyliasis

An ecological field study of the water-rat Nectomys squamipes as a wild reservoir indicator of Schistosoma mansoni transmission in an endemic area

Small mammals are found naturally infected by Schistosoma mansoni, becoming a confounding factor for control programs of schistosomiasis in endemic areas. The aims of this study were: to investigate the infection rates by S. mansoni on the water-rat Nectomys squamipes during four years in endemic areas of Sumidouro, state of Rio de Janeiro, using mark-recapture technique; to compare two diagnostic methods for schistosomiasis; and to evaluate the effects of the chemotherapy in the human infected population on the rodent infection rates. The rodent infection rates of S. mansoni increased when rodent population sizes were lower. Coprology and serology results presented the same trends along time and were correlated. Serology could detect recent infection, including the false negatives in the coprology. The chemotherapy in the humans could not interrupt the rodent infection. Rodents can increase the schistosomiaisis transmission where it already exists, they probably maintain the transmission cycle in the nature and can be considered as biological indicators of the transmission sites of this parasite since they are highly susceptible to infection. The water-rats may present different levels of importance in the transmission dynamics of S. mansoni infection cycle for each area, and can be considered important wild-reservoirs of this human disease

An ecological field study of the water-rat Nectomys squamipes as a wild reservoir indicator of Schistosoma mansoni transmission in an endemic area

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-10-10T12:41:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RosanaGentile_PauloSAndrea_etal_IOC_2006.pdf: 650709 bytes, checksum: 2c38e1e2c967d8e2f54023a5167eb606 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2019-10-10T12:55:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RosanaGentile_PauloSAndrea_etal_IOC_2006.pdf: 650709 bytes, checksum: 2c38e1e2c967d8e2f54023a5167eb606 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-10T12:55:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RosanaGentile_PauloSAndrea_etal_IOC_2006.pdf: 650709 bytes, checksum: 2c38e1e2c967d8e2f54023a5167eb606 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Medicina Tropical. Laboratório de Biologia e Controle da Esquistossomose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Medicina Tropical. Laboratório de Biologia e Controle da Esquistossomose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Medicina Tropical. Laboratório de Biologia e Controle da Esquistossomose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Biologia. Laboratório de Avaliação e Promoção da Saúde Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes. Departamento de Imunologia. Laboratório de Sorologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes. Departamento de Imunologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Departamento de Medicina Tropical. Laboratório de Biologia e Controle da Esquistossomose. Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Brasil.Small mammals are found naturally infected by Schistosoma mansoni, becoming a confounding factor for control programs of schistosomiasis in endemic areas. The aims of this study were: to investigate the infection rates by S. mansoni on the water-rat Nectomys squamipes during four years in endemic areas of Sumidouro, state of Rio de Janeiro, using mark-recapture technique; to compare two diagnostic methods for schistosomiasis; and to evaluate the effects of the chemotherapy in the human infected population on the rodent infection rates. The rodent infection rates of S. mansoni increased when rodent population sizes were lower. Coprology and serology results presented the same trends along time and were correlated. Serology could detect recent infection, including the false negatives in the coprology. The chemotherapy in the humans could not interrupt the rodent infection. Rodents can increase the schistosomiaisis transmission where it already exists, they probably maintain the transmission cycle in the nature and can be considered as biological indicators of the transmission sites of this parasite since they are highly susceptible to infection. The water-rats may present different levels of importance in the transmission dynamics of S. mansoni infection cycle for each area, and can be considered important wild-reservoirs of this human disease