Genomic Evolution of Two Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Strains from ST-2 Clones Isolated in 2000 and 2010 (ST-2_clon_2000 and ST-2_clon_2010)

Acinetobacter baumannii is a successful nosocomial pathogen due to its ability to persist in hospital environments by acquiring mobile elements such as transposons, plasmids, and phages. In this study, we compared two genomes of A. baumannii clinical strains isolated in 2000 (ST-2_clon_2000) and 2010 (ST-2_clon_2010) from GenBank project PRJNA308422

Comparison within a dental disease (caries) in two historical populations in the Roman southern Spain: Cortijo Nuevo and Cortijo Coracho (3-8th centuries AD)

Two populations excavated in the region of Lucena (Córdoba, Spain) are presented here, in which the presence and frequency of caries has been analyzed in two samples of individuals older than 20 years: a population of Late Roman period, Cortijo Nuevo (3-4th centuries AD), with 9 individuals and 112 dental crowns analyzed; and the Late Antiquity population of Cortijo Coracho (4-8 centuries AD), with 160 individuals and 1681 dental crowns analyzed. It has been possible to determine that there is a tendency towards the appearance of the caries in the posterior teeth of the same ones, mainly in the molars. The analysis performed with the Chi square statistic, in the Cortijo Coracho sample, showed that its presence in the posterior teeth, especially in the molars, is significant. On the other hand, after analyzing various parameters (the frequency of teeth with caries and the Individuals Frequency with caries or IFC), it was possible to determine that the economy of the population of Cortijo Nuevo was based on a mixed diet with non-cariogenic products, where there were abundant non-cereal vegetables and animal proteins from hunting and/or livestock. Similarly, the population of Cortijo Coracho would present an economy based on a cariogenic diet with fermentable, non-protein products, mostly from cereals. These types of diets correspond to the type and frequency of oral lesions caused by caries observed in the samples of teeth analyzed

Free as a Bird: Event-Based Dynamic Sense-and-Avoid for Ornithopter Robot Flight

Autonomous flight of flapping-wing robots is a major challenge for robot perception. Most of the previous sense-and-avoid works have studied the problem of obstacle avoidance for flapping-wing robots considering only static obstacles. This letter presents a fully onboard dynamic sense-and-avoid scheme for large-scale ornithopters using event cameras. These sensors trigger pixel information due to changes of illumination in the scene such as those produced by dynamic objects. The method performs event-by-event processing in low-cost hardware such as those onboard small aerial vehicles. The proposed scheme detects obstacles and evaluates possible collisions with the robot body. The onboard controller actuates over the horizontal and vertical tail deflections to execute the avoidance maneuver. The scheme is validated in both indoor and outdoor scenarios using obstacles of different shapes and sizes. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first event-based method for dynamic obstacle avoidance in a flapping-wing robot.Consejo Europeo de Investigación (ERC) 788247Comisión Europea - Proyecto AERIAL-CORE H2020-2019-871479Ministerio de Universidades FPU19/0469

Síndrome de Claude secundario a traumatismo craneoencefálico

Se presenta el caso de una ni ~na de 4 a ~nos que tras un traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) grave por accidente doméstico presenta signos compatibles con afectación de arterias paramedianas mesencefálicas derechas, así como ausencia de función de glándula lacrimal izquierda por fractura de pe ~nasco izquierdo; ambas complicaciones rarasdel TCE

Comparison within a dental disease (caries) in two historical populations in the Roman southern Spain: Cortijo Nuevo and Cortijo Coracho (3-8th centuries AD)

Two populations excavated in the region of Lucena (Córdoba, Spain) are presented here, in which the presence and frequency of caries has been analyzed in two samples of individuals older than 20 years: a population of Late Roman period, Cortijo Nuevo (3-4th centuries AD), with 9 individuals and 112 dental crowns analyzed; and the Late Antiquity population of Cortijo Coracho (4-8 centuries AD), with 160 individuals and 1681 dental crowns analyzed. It has been possible to determine that there is a tendency towards the appearance of the caries in the posterior teeth of the same ones, mainly in the molars. The analysis performed with the Chi square statistic, in the Cortijo Coracho sample, showed that its presence in the posterior teeth, especially in the molars, is significant. On the other hand, after analyzing various parameters (the frequency of teeth with caries and the Individuals Frequency with caries or IFC), it was possible to determine that the economy of the population of Cortijo Nuevo was based on a mixed diet with non-cariogenic products, where there were abundant non-cereal vegetables and animal proteins from hunting and/or livestock. Similarly, the population of Cortijo Coracho would present an economy based on a cariogenic diet with fermentable, non-protein products, mostly from cereals. These types of diets correspond to the type and frequency of oral lesions caused by caries observed in the samples of teeth analyzed

A Dissipative-Particle-Dynamics Model for Simulating Dynamics of Charged Colloid

A mesoscopic colloid model is developed in which a spherical colloid is represented by many interacting sites on its surface. The hydrodynamic interactions with thermal fluctuations are taken accounts in full using Dissipative Particle Dynamics, and the electrostatic interactions are simulated using Particle-Particle-Particle Mesh method. This new model is applied to investigate the electrophoretic mobility of a charged colloid under an external electric field, and the influence of salt concentration and colloid charge are systematically studied. The simulation results show good agreement with predictions from the electrokinetic theory.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures, submitted to the proceedings of High Performance Computing in Science & Engineering '1

Articaine in functional NLC show improved anesthesia and anti-inflammatory activity in zebrafish

Indexación ScopusAnesthetic failure is common in dental inflammation processes, even when modern agents, such as articaine, are used. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are systems with the potential to improve anesthetic efficacy, in which active excipients can provide desirable properties, such as anti-inflammatory. Coupling factorial design (FD) for in vitro formulation development with in vivo zebrafish tests, six different NLC formulations, composed of synthetic (cetyl palmitate/triglycerides) or natural (avocado butter/olive oil/copaiba oil) lipids were evaluated for loading articaine. The formulations selected by FD were physicochemically characterized, tested for shelf stability and in vitro release kinetics and had their in vivo effect (anti-inflammatory and anesthetic effect) screened in zebrafish. The optimized NLC formulation composed of avocado butter, copaiba oil, Tween 80 and 2% articaine showed adequate physicochemical properties (size = 217.7 ± 0.8 nm, PDI = 0.174 ± 0.004, zeta potential = − 40.2 ± 1.1 mV, %EE = 70.6 ± 1.8) and exhibited anti-inflammatory activity. The anesthetic effect on touch reaction and heart rate of zebrafish was improved to 100 and 60%, respectively, in comparison to free articaine. The combined FD/zebrafish approach was very effective to reveal the best articaine-in-NLC formulation, aiming the control of pain at inflamed tissues. © 2020, The Author(s).https://www-nature-com.recursosbiblioteca.unab.cl/articles/s41598-020-76751-

Patología neurológica en una unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos de tercer nivel. Evolución funcional. Nuestra experiencia

Introducción La enfermedad neurológica representa una parte importante en las unidades de cuidados intensivos pediátricos (UCIP) y es causa de morbimortalidad. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la evolución funcional del niño crítico con enfermedad neurológica. Material y método Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo, de niños con enfermedad neurológica ingresados en una UCIP durante 3 años (2012-2014), valorando pronóstico vital y funcional, al alta y al año del ingreso, según las Categorías de estado general y cerebral pediátrico (CEGP-CECP) y la Escala de estado funcional (FSS). Los resultados se comparan con nuestros datos previos (años 1990-1999) y con los del estudio multicéntrico internacional PANGEA. Resultados Se estudió a 266 niños. La mortalidad fue del 3%, sin que los modelos PRISM-II y PIM2 muestren capacidad predictiva. La salud funcional refleja empeoramiento clínicamente significativo al alta de UCIP, en el 30% según CEGP, en el 15% según CECP y en el 5% según FSS. Transcurrido un año, la funcionalidad mejora según CEGP-CECP, pero no según FSS. Los niños sin enfermedad neurológica de base presentan afectación funcional en mayor porcentaje, que se mantiene en el tiempo. Comparada con nuestros datos previos, la mortalidad global y neurocrítica disminuye (5, 60 vs. 2, 1%; p = 0, 0003 y 8, 44 vs. 2, 63%; p = 0, 0014, respectivamente). En relación con el estudio multicéntrico PANGEA, tanto la mortalidad como el empeoramiento funcional cerebral del niño neurocrítico son menores en el estudio actual (1, 05 vs. 13, 32%; p < 0, 0001 y 10, 47 vs. 23, 79%; p < 0, 0001, respectivamente). Conclusiones Alrededor de un tercio de los niños críticos muestran enfermedad neurológica. Un porcentaje importante, sobre todo de niños sin enfermedad neurológica basal, presenta repercusión funcional clínicamente significativa al alta de UCIP y transcurrido un año. La repercusión en el pronóstico funcional del niño crítico apoya la importancia de la neuromonitorización y neuroprotección, medidas necesarias para mejorar la asistencia del niño crítico y la valoración evolutiva de la salud funcional

Neuritis óptica en pediatría: Experiencia en 27 años y protocolo de actuación

Introducción y objetivos: Se presenta nuestra experiencia en neuritis óptica (ON) y se elabora un protocolo diagnóstico-terapéutico, que contempla descartar otras causas, principalmente infecciosas y se elabora una hoja informativa para padres. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes con ON en 27 años (1990-2017). Revisión de evidencia científica para elaboración del protocolo y hoja informativa. Resultados: En nuestra sección de neuropediatría se valoraron 20.744 niños en 27 años, 14 con ON: 8 ON aisladas, una esclerosis múltiple (EM), un episodio clínicamente aislado (CIS), 3 encefalomielitis agudas diseminadas y un paciente con ON aislada que el año anterior había sufrido una encefalomielitis aguda diseminada. Edades entre 4-13 años, 50% varones. Mayores de 10 años, 8 pacientes: 7 ON aisladas y un EM. Bilaterales 9, retrobulbares 3. Resonancia magnética cerebral normal en 7, solo afectación del nervio óptico en 2 y con desmielinización del SNC en 5 casos. Recibieron corticoterapia 13/14. Un caso vacunado de meningococo-C el mes anterior. Todos evolucionaron favorablemente, salvo la EM. Se presentan el protocolo y la hoja de información. Conclusiones: Habitual curso favorable. En niños a partir de 10 años, con factores de riesgo de desarrollar EM o neuromielitis óptica (presencia de hiperseñales en RM cerebral, bandas oligoclonales, anti-NMO, recurrencia de ON), se consensúa con Neurología el inicio de tratamiento inmunomodulador. Utilidad del protocolo para la toma de decisiones diagnósticas, de seguimiento y tratamiento, de una patología poco frecuente pero con posibles repercusiones importantes. Importancia de la protocolización y hojas informativas. Introduction and objective: In this article, we present our experience on optic neuritis (ON) and provide a diagnostic/therapeutic protocol, intended to rule out other aetiologies (particularly infection), and a fact sheet for parents. Material and methods: We conducted a descriptive, retrospective study of patients with ON over a 27-year period (1990-2017). A review of the available scientific evidence was performed in order to draft the protocol and fact sheet. Results: Our neuropaediatrics department has assessed 20, 744 patients in the last 27 years, of whom 14 were diagnosed with ON: 8 had isolated ON, 1 had multiple sclerosis (MS), 1 had clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 3 had acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and 1 had isolated ON and a history of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis one year previously. Patients’ age range was 4-13 years; 50% were boys. Eight patients were aged over 10: 7 had isolated ON and 1 had MS. Nine patients had bilateral ON, and 3 had retrobulbar ON. MRI results were normal in 7 patients and showed involvement of the optic nerve only in 2 patients and optic nerve involvement + central nervous system demyelination in 5. Thirteen patients received corticosteroids. One patient had been vaccinated against meningococcus-C the previous month. Progression was favourable, except in the patient with MS. A management protocol and fact sheet are provided. Conclusions: ON usually has a favourable clinical course. In children aged older than 10 years with risk factors for MS or optic neuromyelitis (hyperintensity on brain MRI, oligoclonal bands, anti-NMO antibody positivity, ON recurrence), the initiation of immunomodulatory treatment should be agreed with the neurology department. The protocol is useful for diagnostic decision-making, follow-up, and treatment of this rare disease with potentially major repercussions. The use of protocols and fact sheets is important

Determinacy analysis for logic programs using mode and type information

We propose an analysis for detecting procedures and goals that are deterministic (i.e. that produce at most one solution), or predicates whose clause tests are mutually exclusive (which implies that at most one of their clauses will succeed) even if they are not deterministic (because they cali other predicates that can produce more than one solution). Applications of such determinacy information include detecting programming errors, performing certain high-level program transformations for improving search efñciency, optimizing low level code generation and parallel execution, and estimating tighter upper bounds on the computational costs of goals and data sizes, which can be used for program debugging, resource consumption and granularity control, etc. We have implemented the analysis and integrated it in the CiaoPP system, which also infers automatically the mode and type information that our analysis takes as input. Experiments performed on this implementation show that the analysis is fairly accurate and efncient