22 research outputs found
La reputación regional como el diferencial de precio : estimación de un modelo hedónico de precios para los vinos de Castilla-La Mancha
Wine is a multi-attribute product and one of great differentiation. Consumers do
not know wines’ intrinsic properties before its purchase; consumers need and look for
extrinsic signals that allow them to infer those intrinsic properties. To evaluate those
intrinsic wine properties, the article uses price as an extrinsic signal to express their value.
The price used is a comparison between the prices suggested by the specialized guides
and the ones proposed directly to the consumer at the on-line stores. With the hedonic
price methodology, which relates price and attributes, the article shows the convergence
between the value referenced (price) by the Spanish experts and the one paid (price) in
the Spanish market, the former being independent of the interests of the economic agents
and the latter not. Regional reputation is the only attribute that positively impacts the
price of Castilian wine and is prioritized in the ranking of attributes.El vino es un producto de atributos múltiples y de gran diferenciación. Los consumidores
no conocen las propiedades intrínsecas de los vinos antes de su compra; los
consumidores necesitan y buscan señales extrínsecas que les permitan inferir esas
propiedades intrínsecas. Para evaluar esas propiedades intrínsecas del vino, este artículo
usa el precio como una señal extrínseca para expresar su valor. El precio utilizado es
una comparación entre los precios sugeridos por las guías especializadas y los que se
proponen directamente al consumidor en las tiendas en línea. Con la metodología de
precios hedónicos, que relaciona precios y atributos, este artículo muestra la convergencia
entre el valor referenciado (precio) por los expertos españoles y el valor pagado
(precio) en el mercado español, siendo el primero independiente de los intereses de
los agentes económicos y el último no. La reputación regional es el único atributo que
impacta positivamente en el precio del vino castellano y se prioriza en el ranking de
atributos al momento de compra.Fil: Castillo-Valero, Sebastián.
Universidad de Castilla-La ManchaFil: Villanueva, Emiliano C..
Eastern Connecticut State UniversityFil: García-Cortijo, M. Carmen.
Universidad de Castilla-La Manch
La reputación regional como el diferencial de precio: estimación de un modelo hedónico de precios para los vinos de Castilla-La Mancha
Wine is a multi-attribute product and one of great differentiation. Consumers do not know wines’ intrinsic properties before its purchase; consumers need and look for extrinsic signals that allow them to infer those intrinsic properties. To evaluate those intrinsic wine properties, the article uses price as an extrinsic signal to express their value. The price used is a comparison between the prices suggested by the specialized guides and the ones proposed directly to the consumer at the on-line stores. With the hedonic price methodology, which relates price and attributes, the article shows the convergence between the value referenced (price) by the Spanish experts and the one paid (price) in the Spanish market, the former being independent of the interests of the economic agents and the latter not. Regional reputation is the only attribute that positively impacts the price of Castilian wine and is prioritized in the ranking of attributes.El vino es un producto de atributos múltiples y de gran diferenciación. Los consumidores no conocen las propiedades intrínsecas de los vinos antes de su compra; los consumidores necesitan y buscan señales extrínsecas que les permitan inferir esas propiedades intrínsecas. Para evaluar esas propiedades intrínsecas del vino, este artículo usa el precio como una señal extrínseca para expresar su valor. El precio utilizado es una comparación entre los precios sugeridos por las guías especializadas y los que se proponen directamente al consumidor en las tiendas en línea. Con la metodología de precios hedónicos, que relaciona precios y atributos, este artículo muestra la convergencia entre el valor referenciado (precio) por los expertos españoles y el valor pagado (precio) en el mercado español, siendo el primero independiente de los intereses de los agentes económicos y el último no. La reputación regional es el único atributo que impacta positivamente en el precio del vino castellano y se prioriza en el ranking de atributos al momento de compra
Centroamérica: lo impostergable de una diversificación comercial coherente
Se presenta un análisis del comportamiento del comercio exterior centroamericano,
en el cual se determinará cómo su estructura productiva y la concentración geográfica
y mercantil de sus exportaciones condicionan su comercio. El principal objetivo de
esta investigación es, utilizando una adaptación de modelos econométricos de datos de
panel, analizar el panorama actual del comercio de Centroamérica con variables fundamentales
como el grado de diversificación, la articulación con sus principales socios y el
papel del comercio intrarregional, y evaluar la correlación con la principal macromagnitud
económica. Los primeros resultados muestran que la diversificación geográfica y
el comercio intrarregional son pilares básicos del crecimiento económico de la región
Çédille, revista de estudios franceses
Presentació
The Social Economy as a Factor of Economic Development and Resilience of Population in Rural Areas. A Study of Mediating Effects in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain)
Depopulation is a serious problem facing developed countries, among them Spain. It is especially severe in rural areas, where some vicious circles emerge, nourished by reduced infrastructures and services, deteriorated quality of life, the low inflow of new inhabitants, low local development and an aged population. In this context, social economy institutions may be a key factor in the fight against population decline, having a leading role in reactivating economic dynamism through the creation of stable, high-quality jobs, promoting the local endogenous development of rural areas, helping enhance income in those spaces, encouraging the arrival of people and impacting positively on social cohesion, and enabling sustainable growth. This paper focuses on Castilla-La Mancha, an eminently rural region, which is among the areas most severely impacted by the loss of population in Spain. The aim is to analyze the factors that affect the settlement of population, and to demonstrate that social economy institutions may be a resilience factor of rural population. A partial least squares model, composed of 8 constructs related to 21 variables extracted from data for 2017 and 2018 on the 613 municipalities, allows us to demonstrate that the existence of social economy entities helps to anchor population and increase the resilience of this territory
Wine consumer profiles from producing and importing countries in Europe are different
This article defines the demographic and socio-economic profile of wine consumers in Europe over the past twenty-five years. It is showed that, although there could be a convergence in wine consumption in Europe, the consumer profiles of the main European wine consumer countries still differ. The article concludes that net importers wine consuming countries in Europe, in this case Germany and the United Kingdom, have wine consumers that are demographically different to the traditional European wine consumer’s profile from the producing wine countries, in this case France, Italy, and Spain
Interpretación de los datos aportados por las técnicas instrumentales y dirigidos a la caracterización de compuestos inorgánicos. (Parte II)
En este proyecto se presentan 5 anexos, en los anexos (I, II, III) proceden del PIMCD 155, pero se han mejorado y eliminado alguna errata. Y los anexos IV, técnicas espectroscópicas se ha completado con un mayor numero de técnicas, y el anexo V es nuevo y se ha elaborado con la colaboración de los estudiantes de la asignatura de Química Inorgánica y alguna de las partes de esta práctica se incorporan en el repertorio de prácticas de laboratorio,Este proyecto complementa el proyecto docente anterior (PIMCD 155) en el que se presentaron un conjunto de ejercicios que ayudan a extraer conclusiones a partir de los datos aportados por diferentes técnicas instrumentales de caracterización de sólidos inorgánicos. Así, en principio se elabora de material docente que implique la interpretación de los datos aportados por cada Técnicas que hemos considerado que todo estudiante de grado debe conocer. Se enfatiza la relevancia de estos resultados en la comprensión de los compuestos inorgánicos. Y en la parte final, hemos elaborado una práctica en la que se manejan los datos aportados por las técnicas y se presenta la complementariedad de todas ellas, y el tipo de información relevante que podemos obtener.Depto. de Química InorgánicaFac. de Ciencias QuímicasFALSEsubmitte
Long term effects of fetal undernutrition on rat heart. Role of hypertension and oxidative stress
<div><p>Background and aims</p><p>Fetal undernutrition is a risk factor for heart disease in both genders, despite the protection of women against hypertension development. Using a rat model of maternal undernutrition (MUN) we aimed to assess possible sex differences in the development of cardiac alterations and the implication of hypertension and cardiac oxidative stress.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Male and female offspring from rats fed <i>ad libitum</i> (control) or with 50% of the normal daily intake during the second half of gestation (MUN) were used. Heart weight/body weight ratio (HW/BW), hemodynamic parameters (anaesthetized rats) and plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP, ELISA) were assessed in 21-day, 6-month and 22-month old rats. Plasma testosterone (ELISA) and cardiac protein expression of enzymes related to reactive oxygen species synthesis (p22<sup>phox</sup>, xanthine-oxidase) and degradation (catalase, Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, Ec-SOD) were evaluated in 21-day and 6-month old rats (Western Blot). Heart structure and function was studied at the age of 22 months (echocardiography).</p><p>Results</p><p>At the age of 21 days MUN males exhibited significantly larger HW/BW and cardiac p22<sup>phox</sup> expression while females had reduced p22<sup>phox</sup> expression, compared to their respective sex-matched controls. At the age of 6-months, MUN males showed significantly larger blood pressure and cardiac xanthine-oxidase expression; MUN females were normotensive and had a lower cardiac expression of antioxidant enzymes, compared to their respective sex-matched controls. At the age of 22 months, both MUN males and females showed larger HW/BW and left ventricular mass and lower ejection fraction compared to sex-matched controls; only MUN males exhibited hypertension and a larger plasma BNP compared to aged male controls.</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>1) During perinatal life females exposed to fetal undernutrition are protected from cardiac alterations, but in ageing they exhibit ventricular hypertrophy and functional loss, like MUN males; 2) cardiac oxidative stress might be implicated in the observed heart alterations in both sexes and 3) the severity of cardiac damage might be greater in males due to hypertension.</p></div
Echocardiographic parameters in 22-month old rats.
<p>(A) male and (B) female offspring from rats exposed to maternal undernutrition during pregnancy (MUN) and rats fed <i>ad libitum</i> (Control). Interventricular septum at diastole (IVSd), posterior wall thickness at diastole (PWd), left ventricular internal diameter at diastole (LVIDd) and at systole (LVIDs), left ventricular mass (LVM) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). In parenthesis it is shown the number of rats; *p<0.05 compared to sex-matched control rats.</p