La “ideología de género” frente a los derechos sexuales y reproductivos. El escenario español

Se analiza el caso español como laboratorio europeo en el que se han ensayado las estrategias de movilización basadas en el discurso de la “ideología de género” contra los derechos sexuales y de las mujeres por parte de actores ultraconservadores, con especial atención a los actores católicos. Se presentan cuatro momentos: el discurso de la Iglesia Católica, como fuente originaria del lenguaje de este nuevo pánico moral; las reformas legales progresistas que detonan el ciclo de protesta; la contestación social de los grupos conservadores y la posterior reacción conservadora moderada desde la acción de gobierno

SMART DESIGN: WHEN THE APPLICATION OF INTELLIGENT MATERIALS GIVE ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE INDUSTRIAL DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

As the scientific development involves research on new intelligent materials, at the same time industry creates new applicable modalities to involve these discoveries. In particular, even if industrial design doesn’t work directly on material structure, its creative process also provides the hunting of new solution for technical usability problems or interaction with users. The possibility to organize and define the micro structural characterization of materials, or imprint some physical reactions is strictly correlate with the functional properties that industrial design is looking for. A new research program have been originated by the research collaboration between Politecnico di Milano, La Sapienza di Roma, the INSTM Consortium and the involvement of three reality linked with the Italian industrial district. Two of the industrial partners, Artemide and Danese represent the main Italian brands as regard lighting and furniture production, instead the third one, Saes Getters, is the worldwide leader for getters’ production and the use of shape memory alloys (SMA). The present work aims to describe innovative research on SMA and photo/thermo chromic materials’ application in the fields of lighting products and objects. Thus, to implement projects where material with added functionality and innovative properties are able to fulfill industries’ requests on differentiation and products improvement. Application of SMA becomes useful in the exploitation of environment conditions without electrical providing for lower consumption. Other implications could interest the use of materials that give a regulation of emitted light by shielding it just with thermal change conditions, or modify their aspects providing an immediate personalization according with users’ preferences. Other concepts that look with interest to this smart materials could evaluate new way of think about resizable products adapted for an easy and less expensive delivery or self supporting products with embedded surface treatments that avoid minor processing use for production costs decreasing

"Gender ideology" in conservative discourses: Public sphere and sex education in Argentina

The anti-gender groups -including some religious ones- have deployed a contraoffensive action against the agenda of women´s rights, the LGTBIQ demands and gender equality in Latin America, in recent years. Our purpose in this chapter is to analyze the positioning of these groups gathered around the category of "gender ideology", with special focus on their political and discursive strategies. From a Critical Discourse Studies approach, we characterize their actions in the public sphere in conjunctures of debate on sexual rights and sex education, in Argentina. This analysis seeks to contribute to a wider critical interpretation of the sexualised and gendered norms imposed as restrictions for a livable life, especially in the educational practices, as these norms contingently shape the boundaries of the public sphere itself.Fil: Torres, German Santos Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Laborales; ArgentinaFil: Pérez, Sara Isabel. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencias Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Moragas, Florencia. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencias Sociales; Argentin

HCV infection is a risk factor for gallstone disease in liver cirrhosis: An Italian epidemiological survey

We assessed the prevalence of gallbladder disease (i.e. gallstones plus cholecystectomy) among patients with liver disease and its association with the severity and aetiology of hepatic injury. Subjects, referred to 79 Italian hospitals, were enrolled in a 6-month period. The independent effect of the severity and aetiology of liver disease on gallstone disease prevalence was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Overall, 4867 subjects tested anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive alone, 839 were hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) alone, and 652 had an excessive alcohol intake. The prevalence of gallstone disease was 23.3% in anti-HCV-positive patients, 12.4% in HBsAg positive and 24.2% in subjects reporting excessive alcohol intake, respectively. Gallstone disease prevalence increased by age in each aetiological category. The proportion of patients with gallstone disease who had a cholecystectomy was the highest in HCV+ subjects. After adjusting for the confounding effect of age and body mass index, compared with patients with less severe liver disease, subjects with HCV-related cirrhosis, but not those with alcohol-related cirrhosis, were more likely to have gallstone disease. Subjects with HCV-related cirrhosis (OR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.38-3.26) were more likely to have gallstone disease when compared with those with HBV-related cirrhosis. HCV infection is a risk factor for gallstone disease. In Italy, the high prevalence of HCV infection among cirrhotic patients has important implications, as cholecystectomy in these subjects is associated with high risk of morbidity and mortality. \uc2\ua9 2007 The Authors

HCV infection is a risk factor for gallstone disease in liver cirrhosis: an Italian epidemiological survey. J Viral Hepat

We assessed the prevalence of gallbladder disease (i.e. gallstones plus cholecystectomy) among patients with liver disease and its association with the severity and aetiology of hepatic injury. Subjects, referred to 79 Italian hospitals, were enrolled in a 6-month period. The independent effect of the severity and aetiology of liver disease on gallstone disease prevalence was assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Overall, 4867 subjects tested anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positive alone, 839 were hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) alone, and 652 had an excessive alcohol intake. The prevalence of gallstone disease was 23.3% in anti-HCV-positive patients, 12.4% in HBsAg positive and 24.2% in subjects reporting excessive alcohol intake, respectively. Gallstone disease prevalence increased by age in each aetiological category. The proportion of patients with gallstone disease who had a cholecystectomy was the highest in HCV+ subjects. After adjusting for the confounding effect of age and body mass index, compared with patients with less severe liver disease, subjects with HCV-related cirrhosis, but not those with alcohol-related cirrhosis, were more likely to have gallstone disease. Subjects with HCV-related cirrhosis (OR 2.13, 95% CI: 1.38-3.26) were more likely to have gallstone disease when compared with those with HBV-related cirrhosis. HCV infection is a risk factor for gallstone disease. In Italy, the high prevalence of HCV infection among cirrhotic patients has important implications, as cholecystectomy in these subjects is associated with high risk of morbidity and mortality. © 2007 The Authors

Characteristics of HCV positive subjects referring to hospitals in Italy: a multicentre prevalence study on 6,999 cases

In 2001, 6 999 anti-HCV positive subjects referred to 79 Italian hospital in a 6 months enrolment period were evaluated. Of them, 5 632 (80.5%) tested anti-HCV positive alone, 1 163 (16.6%) reported also an excessive alcohol intake, and 204 (2.9%) were also HBsAg positive. Normal biochemistry was observed in 7.8% of cases, chronic hepatitis in 67.9% of cases, liver cirrhosis in 18.9% of cases, and hepatocellular carcinoma in 3.6% cases. HCV positive subjects with excessive alcohol intake were statistically significantly younger, of male sex, and having more severe liver disease than those without excessive alcohol intake. Adjusting for the confounding effect of age and sex by multiple logistic regression analysis, HCV positive chronic hepatitis cases drinking more than four alcoholic drinks daily were 2.2-fold (CI 95% = 1.3-4.0) more likely to progress to liver cirrhosis than teetotallers. These findings indicate that nearly a quarter of HCV positive subjects referred to hospitals in Italy have a severe liver disease causing a remarkable impact on the national health system. Excessive alcohol intake in HCV chronic hepatitis cases increases the risk of progression to liver cirrhosis. © 2005 Blackwell Publishing Ltd