A Superresolution Image Reconstruction Algorithm Based on Landweber in Electrical Capacitance Tomography

According to the image reconstruction accuracy influenced by the “soft field” nature and ill-conditioned problems in electrical capacitance tomography, a superresolution image reconstruction algorithm based on Landweber is proposed in the paper, which is based on the working principle of the electrical capacitance tomography system. The method uses the algorithm which is derived by regularization of solutions derived and derives closed solution by fast Fourier transform of the convolution kernel. So, it ensures the certainty of the solution and improves the stability and quality of image reconstruction results. Simulation results show that the imaging precision and real-time imaging of the algorithm are better than Landweber algorithm, and this algorithm proposes a new method for the electrical capacitance tomography image reconstruction algorithm

User Scheduling in NOMA Random Access Using Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits

Random access (RA) is a common technique to admit users to a network. Non-orthogonal multiple access-based RA (NOMA-RA) is a promising solution to support a large number of devices competing to access a limited number of radio resources. This paper aims to propose an intelligent access control and user scheduling technique for NOMA-RA by leveraging machine learning (ML) algorithms. We first theoretically derive the maximum throughput of NOMA-RA and the optimal access probabilities for all NOMA power levels, which can serve as the upper bound in the ideal environment. We then introduce our ML design based on multi-armed bandit (MAB) that controls users participation and their NOMA channel access to achieve the optimal throughput. Our ML design consists of two ML agents where the first agent manages the flow of traffic entering the preamble selection process and the second agent controls the user access to NOMA channels. To achieve the joint optimization of both decisions, the outcome of the first agent is used as a context for the second agent to synchronize its learning, while the overall performance is used as a feedback to both agents. Simulation experiments confirm the effectiveness of our joint agent design and its ability to make joint decisions to achieve the optimal performance

Over-expression of a gamma-tocopherol methyltransferase gene in vitamin E pathway confers PEG-simulated drought tolerance in alfalfa

α-Tocopherol is one of the most important vitamin E components present in plant. α-Tocopherol is a potent antioxidant, which can deactivate photoproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and prevent lipids from oxidation when plants suffer drought stress. γ-Tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) catalyzes the formation of α-tocopherol in the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway. Our previous studies showed that over-expression of γ-TMT gene can increase the accumulation of α-tocopherol in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). However, whether these transgenic plants confer increased drought tolerance and the underlying mechanism are still unknown.This work was financially supported by Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System (CARS-34), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872410), National Crop Germplasm Resources Center (NICGR-78), and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIPIAS10)

Protective Effects of Hydrogen against Low-Dose Long-Term Radiation-Induced Damage to the Behavioral Performances, Hematopoietic System, Genital System, and Splenic Lymphocytes in Mice

Molecular hydrogen (H2) has been previously reported playing an important role in ameliorating damage caused by acute radiation. In this study, we investigated the effects of H2 on the alterations induced by low-dose long-term radiation (LDLTR). All the mice in hydrogen-treated or radiation-only groups received 0.1 Gy, 0.5 Gy, 1.0 Gy, and 2.0 Gy whole-body gamma radiation, respectively. After the last time of radiation exposure, all the mice were employed for the determination of the body mass (BM) observation, forced swim test (FST), the open field test (OFT), the chromosome aberration (CA), the peripheral blood cells parameters analysis, the sperm abnormality (SA), the lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), and the histopathological studies. And significant differences between the treatment group and the radiation-only groups were observed, showing that H2 could diminish the detriment induced by LDLTR and suggesting the protective efficacy of H2 in multiple systems in mice against LDLTR

Clinical, biochemical, and molecular genetic characteristics of patients with primary carnitine deficiency identified by newborn screening in Shanghai, China

Background: Primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in the SLC22A5 gene, which encodes the organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2). Patients with PCD may be at risk of skeletal or cardiac myopathy, metabolic decompensation, and even sudden death. This study aimed to analyze the biochemical, clinical, and genetic characteristics of PCD patients identified by newborn screening (NBS) in Shanghai.Methods: Dried blood spot (DBS) samples of newborns were analyzed through tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) from January 2003 to December 2021. Newborns with low free carnitine (C0) levels were recalled. Mutation in the SLC22A5 gene was analyzed on suspected positive newborns with low C0 levels after recall.Results: 1,247,274 newborns were screened by MS/MS and 40 newborns were diagnosed with PCD, therefore the incidence of PCD in Shanghai was approximately 1:31,200. The mean C0 level in newborns with PCD was 5.37 ± 1.79 μmol/L before treatment and increased to 24.45 ± 10.87 μmol/L after treatment with L-carnitine. Twenty-three different variants were identified in the SLC22A5 gene, including 8 novel variants, of which c.51C>G (p.F17L) was the most frequent (27.27%, 18/66), followed by c.1400C>G (p.S467C) (25.76%, 17/66). Almost all the screened PCD patients were asymptomatic.Conclusion: NBS via MS/MS was a quick and efficient method for the early diagnosis of PCD. The incidence of PCD in Shanghai was 1:31,200. Eight novel variants were identified, which greatly expanded the variant spectrum of SLC22A5. MS/MS combined with genetic testing could effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of PCD

MAC-Layer QoS Management for Streaming Rate-Adaptive VBR Video over IEEE 802.11e HCCA WLANs

With the increasing popularity of using WLANs for Internet access, the HCCA mechanism in IEEE 802.11e WLANs has received much more attention due to its efficiency in handling time-bounded multimedia traffic. To achieve high network utilization and good end-to-end QoS in the scenario of VBR video over HCCA is a very challenging task because of the dynamics coming from both the network conditions and the video content. In this paper, we propose a cross-layer framework for efficiently delivering multiclass rate-adaptive VBR video over HCCA. The proposed framework consists of three major modules: the MAC-layer admission control, the MAC-layer resource allocation, and the application-layer video adaptation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of each individual module and the advantage of dynamic interactions among different modules

Channel Resource Allocation for VoIP Applications in Collaborative IEEE 802.11/802.16 Networks

Collaborations between the IEEE 802.11 and the IEEE 802.16 networks operating in a common spectrum offers dynamic allocate bandwidth resources to achieve improved performance for network applications. This paper studies the bandwidth resource allocation of collaborative IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16 networks. Consider delivering data packets between mobile stations and Internet users through an access point (AP) of the IEEE 802.11 network and a base station (BS) of the IEEE 802.16 network operating on a common frequency band, we analyze their medium access control (MAC) protocols, frame structures, and design a cooperation mechanism for the IEEE 802.11 and the IEEE 802.16 networks to share the same medium with adaptive resource allocation. Based on the mechanism, an optimized resource allocation scheme is proposed for VoIP applications. An analytical model is developed for the study to show significant improvements in voice capacity for our optimized resource allocation scheme.</p