Survey on Dynamic Query Forms for Database Queries

The databases used in today’s scientific research and web handle huge volumes of data. Such databases contain hundreds or even thousands of complex relations and attributes. The proposed system that implements dynamic query forms for non-relational data. The DQF captures a user’s preference and ranks query form components which assists the user in making decisions. Query form generation is an iterative process and initially requires user guidance in the form of feedback .The system automatically generates ranking list of form components, at each iteration and the desired form components are added by the user in Query forms. The ranking of form components depend on the captured user preference. The query results can be viewed at each iteration by the user after filling and submitting the query form. In order to measure the quality of the results generated by the Query form, a probabilistic model has been developed

Hepatoportal Venous Trauma: Analysis of Incidence, Morbidity, and Mortality.

ObjectivesAlthough traumatic injuries to the superior mesenteric vein (SMV), portal vein (PV), and hepatic vein (HV) are rare, their impact is significant. Small single center reports estimate mortality rates ranging from 29% to 100%. Our aim is to elucidate the incidence and outcomes associated with each injury due to unique anatomic positioning and varied tolerance of ligation. We hypothesize that SMV injury is associated with a lower risk of mortality compared to HV and PV injury in adult trauma patients.MethodsThe Trauma Quality Improvement Program database (2010-2016) was queried for patients with injury to either the SMV, PV, or HV. A multivariable logistic regression model was used for analysis.ResultsFrom 1,403,466 patients, 966 (0.07%) had a single major hepatoportal venous injury with 460 (47.6%) involving the SMV, 281 (29.1%) involving the PV, and 225 (23.3%) involving the HV. There was no difference in the percentage of patients undergoing repair or ligation between SMV, PV, and HV injuries (P > .05). Compared to those with PV and HV injuries, patients with SMV injury had a higher rate of concurrent bowel resection (38.5% vs 12.1% vs 7.6%, P < .001) and lower mortality (33.3% vs 45.9% vs 49.3%, P < .01). After controlling for covariates, traumatic SMV injury increased the risk of mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.59, confidence interval [CI] = 1.00-2.54, P = .05) in adult trauma patients; however, this was less than PV injury (OR = 2.77, CI = 1.56-4.93, P = .001) and HV injury (OR = 2.70, CI = 1.46-4.99, P = .002).ConclusionTraumatic SMV injury had a lower rate of mortality compared to injuries of the HV and PV. SMV injury increased the risk of mortality by 60% in adult trauma patients, whereas PV and HV injuries nearly tripled the risk of mortality

Dynamic Query Forms for Non-Relational Database

With quick advancement of investigative databases and web data databases are turning out to be exceptionally colossal in size and complex in nature. These databases hold extensive and heterogeneous information, with huge number of relations and qualities. So it is exceptionally hard to outline an arrangement of static inquiry structures to answer different specially appointed database inquirieson these cutting edge databases. Along these lines there is need of such framework which create Query Forms powerfully as indicated by the clients need at run time. The proposed framework Dynamic Query Form i.e.DQF framework going to give an answer by the inquiry interface in extensive and complex databases. In proposed framework, the center idea is to catch client intrigues all through client associations and to adjust the inquiry sort iteratively. Each cycle comprises of 2 sorts of client collaborations: Query Form Enrichment and Query Execution. In Query Form Enrichment DQF would prescribe a positioned rundown of question structure part to client so he/she can choose sought structure segments into current inquiry structure. In Query Execution client fills current inquiry shape and submit question, DQF going to show result and take input from client on gave question results. A client would have office to fill the inquiry frame and submit questions to see the inquiry result at every cycle. So that a question structure could be progressively refined till the client fulfills with the inquiry results

Systematic Review: Edge Effects

<p>Methods:</p> <p>To assess the state of the research done in the field regarding the implications of edge effects and fragmentation on nesting birds, records were identified using web of science in November 2014. The initial search for the publications was commenced utilizing the search terms ‘songbird*’ AND ‘edge effect*’ AND ‘habitat*’ AND ‘fragment*’ AND ‘edge*’. Following the search of publications on web of science, the key words of relevant articles were scanned manually. This was done to screen for any additional publications and determine whether they were related to the topic being assessed. This produced a result of 115 possible publications related to the specified fields in the search. Choosing ‘ecology’ as the research category further narrowed the publications down leaving only 75 results. All articles were then subjected to an initial title and abstract scan to test relativeness to the specified topic.</p> <p>The complete text of the residual articles was then processed, the articles that did not test for the implications of edge effects and habitat fragmentation on nesting birds hypothesis and secondary publications that reviewed the primary data without having their own research were excluded. Articles that focused on computer modeling and not field research were also excluded from the data collection since estimations and data modeling were used to test for possible effects. Articles that focused on the indirect effects of arthropods, ducks, vegetative regeneration, patch levels, temperature, power lines, road density and proximity to agricultural land were also excluded from since this review is focused on the effects of increasing habitat fragmentation and edge effects on the reproductive success of nesting birds. Of the initial 115 publications that were sourced, 75 were screened, 9 were removed for not being primary research articles, and 33 of the remaining 66 were directly correlated with the research topic. 33 of the remaining articles after reading the full texts were then excluded with reasons. There were 33 final primary research articles, which were included in the quantitative synthesis ranging from 1993 to 2012. Large portions of the articles were published in 1999 (9%), 2000 (12%) and 2005 (12%). All articles included in the review were published in English in a total of 12 different peer reviewed journals. Landscape ecology (21%) published the highest amount of articles for this review followed by Journal of Wildlife management (15%) and equal amounts from Ecological Applications (12%) and Biological Conservation (12%).</p> <p>Analysis of the literature</p> <p>The published primary research articles were categorized by the geographic location; some studies only mentioned the country where as others mentioned the state as well for the places where the study was conducted. Further categories included type of experiment (observational or experimental), number of species mentioned and/or utilized in the study, number of nests placed or recorded in the study, the observational gaps that researchers waited until to check up on marked nest locations to determine success or failure in reproductive success and the total duration of the study quantified by the number of breeding seasons that the data on birds was collected in. The studies that utilized point-count methods for the analysis of species present in an area did so only once every year, therefore the observational gap recorded would be 365 days. Since this would skew the results, the articles that utilized this method were not included in the analysis of observational gap vs. number of studies.</p

Correlation between Intravesicle Prostatic Protrusion and Prostate Volume in Patients Presenting with Acute Urinary Retention – A Descriptive Study: Intravesicle Prostatic Protrusion and Prostate Volume in Acute Urinary Retention

INTRODUCTION: To study the prevalence of significant Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion (IPP) in patients presenting with acute urinary retention (AUR) due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and to study the correlation between Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion and Prostatic Volume. METHODOLOGY: 40 men between 45 to 85 yrs of age, who presented with acute urinary retention. Initial assessment included detailed clinical history, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Quality of Life assessments and a transabdominal ultrasonogram to measure Prostate Volume (PV) and Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion (IPP). IPP is measured by drawing a line corresponding to bladder base on a sagittal view and perpendicularly measuring the distance from the bladder base to the greatest protrusion of the prostate into the bladder. Patients with IPP &gt;10mm were taken to have significant IPP and those ≤ 10mm were taken to be insignificant. Statistical analysis included descriptive analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Of the 40 patients in our study with resented with AUR, 21 patients (52.5%) had significant IPP. Mean IPP was 11.3mm with a standard deviation of 5.49mm. All patients with significant IPP had a severe IPPS grade. IPP had a statistically significant correlation with PV. CONCLUSION: The IPP assessed by transabdominal ultrasound can be used to direct appropriate patients to more aggressive treatment strategies like surgery

The effects of Water Stress on the White Aster Characteristics

<p>Methods:</p> <p>Variables including height, density, number of flowers and species richness were recorded on three different days; October 2nd, 9th and 16th 2014. The species chosen to be the objective of the study was White Aster (Symphyotrichum ericoides). The data was collected in a power line corridor located across York University north of Steeles Avenue West (43.779291, -79.504367). A drainage ditch in the corridor was chosen as a form of water supply, located as a divider between the grassland and surrounding buildings on Steeles Avenue. Quadrat sets of 1m x 1m were recorded along the drainage ditch at three different distances. The quadrats were placed at three distances, each 1.5 meters parallel along the transect going perpendicular to the water supply. The primary set of quadrats were placed at 0 meters from the edge of water supply, the secondary set was placed at 10 meters from the edge of the first quadrats and the tertiary set was placed at 20 meters from the primary quadrats location. The height of White Aster (S.ericoides) individuals was recorded in meters from the base of the stalk to the tip of the flowers using a transect. This procedure was repeated for all individuals in each of the quadrats. The numbers of different plant species were recorded to account for species richness within each quadrat. The density of White Asters was visually estimated in each quadrat and recorded as a percentage value. The numbers of flowers for each individual Aster plant stem were recorded in each quadrat; only the flowers that were fully bloomed were included in the visual number count. A total number of 21 quadrats were used for the collection of data, which will be analyzed using bar graphs with standard deviation bars. The average value and standard deviation of each variable will then be plotted against the distance from the water source. One-way ANOVA analysis with a=0.05 will be used to test the variance within the collected variables in relation to the distance from the water supply.</p

Obesity associated with increased postoperative pulmonary complications and mortality after trauma laparotomy.

BackgroundPatient-related risk factors for the development of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) include age ≥ 60-years, congestive heart failure, hypoalbuminemia and smoking. The effect of obesity is unclear and has not been shown to independently increase the likelihood of PPCs in trauma patients undergoing trauma laparotomy. We hypothesized the likelihood of mortality and PPCs would increase as body mass index (BMI) increases in trauma patients undergoing trauma laparotomy.MethodsThe Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2010-2016) was queried to identify trauma patients ≥ 18-years-old undergoing trauma laparotomy within 6-h of presentation. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the likelihood of PPCs and mortality when stratified by BMI.ResultsFrom 8,330 patients, 2,810 (33.7%) were overweight (25-29.9&nbsp;kg/m2), 1444 (17.3%) obese (30-34.9&nbsp;kg/m2), 580 (7.0%) severely obese (35-39.9&nbsp;kg/m2), and 401 (4.8%) morbidly obese (≥ 40&nbsp;kg/m2). After adjusting for covariates including age, injury severity score, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking, and rib/lung injury, the likelihood of PPCs increased with increasing BMI: overweight (OR = 1.37, CI 1.07-1.74, p = 0.012), obese (OR = 1.44, CI 1.08-1.92, p = 0.014), severely obese (OR = 2.20, CI 1.55-3.14, p &lt; 0.001), morbidly obese (OR = 2.42, CI 1.67-3.51, p &lt; 0.001), compared to those with normal BMI. In addition, the adjusted likelihood of mortality increased for the morbidly obese (OR = 2.60, CI 1.78-3.80, p &lt; 0.001) compared to those with normal BMI.ConclusionObese trauma patients undergoing emergent trauma laparotomy have a high likelihood for both PPCs and mortality, with morbidly obese trauma patients having the highest likelihood for both. This suggests obesity should be accounted for in risk prediction models of trauma patients undergoing laparotomy

Obesity associated with increased postoperative pulmonary complications and mortality after trauma laparotomy.

BackgroundPatient-related risk factors for the development of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) include age ≥ 60-years, congestive heart failure, hypoalbuminemia and smoking. The effect of obesity is unclear and has not been shown to independently increase the likelihood of PPCs in trauma patients undergoing trauma laparotomy. We hypothesized the likelihood of mortality and PPCs would increase as body mass index (BMI) increases in trauma patients undergoing trauma laparotomy.MethodsThe Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2010-2016) was queried to identify trauma patients ≥ 18-years-old undergoing trauma laparotomy within 6-h of presentation. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to determine the likelihood of PPCs and mortality when stratified by BMI.ResultsFrom 8,330 patients, 2,810 (33.7%) were overweight (25-29.9&nbsp;kg/m2), 1444 (17.3%) obese (30-34.9&nbsp;kg/m2), 580 (7.0%) severely obese (35-39.9&nbsp;kg/m2), and 401 (4.8%) morbidly obese (≥ 40&nbsp;kg/m2). After adjusting for covariates including age, injury severity score, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking, and rib/lung injury, the likelihood of PPCs increased with increasing BMI: overweight (OR = 1.37, CI 1.07-1.74, p = 0.012), obese (OR = 1.44, CI 1.08-1.92, p = 0.014), severely obese (OR = 2.20, CI 1.55-3.14, p &lt; 0.001), morbidly obese (OR = 2.42, CI 1.67-3.51, p &lt; 0.001), compared to those with normal BMI. In addition, the adjusted likelihood of mortality increased for the morbidly obese (OR = 2.60, CI 1.78-3.80, p &lt; 0.001) compared to those with normal BMI.ConclusionObese trauma patients undergoing emergent trauma laparotomy have a high likelihood for both PPCs and mortality, with morbidly obese trauma patients having the highest likelihood for both. This suggests obesity should be accounted for in risk prediction models of trauma patients undergoing laparotomy