Effect of Nursing Exercise Protocol on Hemodynamics and Functional Capacity among Patients after Cardiac Surgery

Context: Exercise interventions are the cornerstone of cardiac rehabilitation. The exercise program consists of respiratory physiotherapy, neck and shoulder exercises, walking, and cycling. The purpose is to prevent respiratory complications, neck and shoulder pain and increase the physical functional level.Aim: This study evaluates the effect of applying nursing exercise protocol on hemodynamics and functional capacity among post-cardiac surgery patients. Methods: Quasi-experimental research design utilized in the current study. A purposive sample, including 60 male and female patients, was classified equally into two equal groups; study group (n= 30) and control group (n= 30), collected through 14 months. This study was carried out in the inpatient cardiac surgery department and the outpatient cardiac clinic of Cardiothoracic Surgery Hospital in New Minia City. Four tools were utilized in collecting data; named Health Assessment Record; Six Minute Walk Distance Test; Modified Medical Research Council Scale (MMRC) for measuring dyspnea; and Nursing Educational Protocol Checklist. Results: Current study findings displayed an improvement of total distance walked among study groups compared to the control group. It also showed highly statistically significant differences between the groups related to total distance walked after 12th-week post-discharge documented by p-value (0.000).Conclusion: The current study findings concluded that the nursing educational protocol in the form of deep breathing, incentive spirometer; coughing, and early ambulation induces a significant improvement in hemodynamic variables and six-minute walk distance, recommending that hospitals should implement the nursing educational protocol as a routine hospital policy among all cardiac surgical patients in all age groups

Effect of Implementing Total Parenteral Nutrition Nursing Guidelines on Adult Critically Ill Patients’ Outcomes

Total parenteral nutrition for hospitalized critically ill patients is essential for improving outcomes, insufficient nutritional support lead to occurrences of complications, increased morbidity and mortality rates, increased length of hospital stay. Critical care nurses are the cornerstone in preventing theses complications. Aim: To investigate the effect of implementing total parenteral nutrition nursing guidelines on adult critically ill patients’ outcomes. Design: Non randomized prospective research design was used to utilize this study Subjects: convenience samples of 60 patients were assigned equally to study and control group at intensive care units at Assiut University hospitals. The control group received routine hospital care during TPN administration while, the study group received the developed guidelines for TPN during a period from January 2018 to December 2018. Methods Each patient in both groups were assessed by taking history, clinical examination, nutritional assessment laboratory investigation. Patients in study groups were received care according to developed total parenteral nutrition guidelines to determine outcome and complications in both groups. Results Finding of the present study revealed that significant improvement in study group with values of less than p=001 compared to control group   Conclusion: implementing of total parenteral nutrition guidelines improve the outcomes and reduce the occurrence of complications among critically ill patients. Keywords:  total parenteral nutrition, nursing guidelines, critically ill patient, outcomes DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/61-04 Publication date: April 30th 201

Prevalence and Virulence Genes Profile of Zoonotic Campylobacter species in Chickens and Human in Aswan Governorate

This study evaluated the mutual function of chickens in the transmission of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli to patients in Aswan Governorate, Egypt. Samples from fresh chickens (no= 108) and frozen chickens (no= 100), were collected randomly from supermarkets in Aswan Province, Egypt as well as 60 diarrheal samples were assembled from hospitalized patients. Biochemical and molecular techniques were employed through duplex polymerase chain reaction objecting the 23S rRNA, mapA, and ceuE genes specific to genus Campylobacter, C. jejuni, and C. Coli, respectively, after that virulence genes (flaA and cadF genes) were detected. By using conventional and duplex PCR , the overall incidence of Campylobacter was 29% and 25.4 %, respectively. C. jejuni and C. coli by conventional and PCR were identified as 18.1, 5.1%, and 12.3, 7.2%, respectively, while 5.8% mixed infection was discovered by both techniques. Campylobacter species isolated from 66.7, 25, 17.5 and 18.3% of fresh chickens, frozen chickens, frozen liver and gizzard, and human, respectively with statistically significant difference. Epidemiologically, the insignificant age risk factor was statistically reported in this study among patients although Campylobacter was dominant in the 21-35 and 36-50 age groups. Campylobacter incidence was higher among females (33.3%) than males (11.9%). FlaA virulence gene was detected in 10.3% of both C. jejuni and C. coli isolated from chickens but not be detected in human . cadF virulence gene isolated in 20.5, 23.1, 36.4, and 9.1% of C. jejuni and C. coli of chickens′ and human , respectively

The Interactive Relationship between Digital Twin and Industrial Design Activities

With the advent and development of information technology in industry and product design, product design-driven big data has evolved; Digital twin, a new emerging and fast-growing technology which connects the physical and virtual world, has attracted much attention recently, the digital twin approach has become one of the most important technological trends in recent years, The basic idea of a digital twin approach is that it is a system that includes a real environment with physical components and systems and a digital environment with digital sensors to receive data sent from the corresponding physical environment, where the digital environment reflects the real environment with relevant characteristics that depend on the stages of the entire product's life cycle Such as design, manufacture, production, quality inspection, and maintenance. Etc., where the stages are monitored and analyzed to improve quality and discover problems that require solving, which enables to reduce costs and time and provide the physical product with better work policies.An approach is presented to apply digital twin technology during the various stages of product design through communication and co-evolution between the physical product and its digital representation during the stages of the product lifecycle, where Converting Big data into a small set of information that the designer can use directly to support effective decision-making In the design process, as well as integrating a variety of different data about the product, the user and the environment effectively to respond to the requirements of the users .Digital twin technology increases the flexibility, adaptability and intelligence of the product since by applying digital twin technology the real product has a digital image consisting of different models, and these models have five main functions: To reproduce accurately the characteristics, behavior and rules of the physical product to create an accurate digital image; The independent operation of the models by simulating the different behaviors of the product, which can then be used to guide the operation of the physical product; Remote control of the status of components; Predictability of problems before they occur; Check performance before product design and production is finished

SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF SOME PLANT EXTRACTS AND ANTIBIOTIC DRUGS AGAINST STAPH. AUREUS ISOLATED FROM PLEURAL FLUID IDENTIFICATION OF THE ACTIVE COMPOUNDS

A total of 75 pyogenic samples were collected from patients examinated for pyogenic infection in Sednawy hospital and Elmokhtaber laboratories. S. aureus isolated from pleural fluid out of five S. aureus (+ve coagulase, MSSA) exhibits resistant against all the concentration of Ciprofloxacin 0.5-20, Gentamycin 0.5- 5.0 µg/100µl and Amikacin 1 µg/100µl. The highest potent of phytoextracts either extracted by water or methanol was detected by clove comparing with mint, thyme, sage and garlic, whereas garlic essential oil gave completely abolish of S. aureus (P.F). The highest synergism was obtained in combination between the lowest inhibitory concentration of Gentamycin 10 µg/100µl  or Vancomycin 1 µg/100µl or Amikacin 2.5 µg/100µl with thyme Eso (1:3), which resulted to increase the efficacy by 4.4 or 1.5 or 1.6 respectively  comparing to recommended dose of the tested antibiotics alone. Increasing the concentration of garlic essential oil (GEso) from 10 up to 100 µl/well increment the efficacy of inhibition up to 10, 3.7 and 4.5- fold when standard dose of Gentamycin, Vancomycin and Amikacin were used individually against S. aureus P.F. The minimum bactericidal concentration of garlic essential oil was recorded at 2 µl/ml as it resulted to reduce the count to be 0.04%. Analysis of garlic essential oil by GC-MS dedicated six sulfur compounds represented 88.8644% of total detected compounds in garlic essential oil

Fabrication and Characterization of Effective Biochar Biosorbent Derived from Agricultural Waste to Remove Cationic Dyes from Wastewater

The main aim of this work is to treat sugarcane bagasse agricultural waste and prepare an efficient, promising, and eco-friendly adsorbent material. Biochar is an example of such a material, and it is an extremely versatile and eco-friendly biosorbent to treat wastewater. Crystal violet (CV)-dye and methylene blue (MB)-dye species are examples of serious organic pollutants. Herein, biochar was prepared firstly from sugarcane bagasse (SCB), and then a biochar biosorbent was synthesized through pyrolysis and surface activation with NaOH. SEM, TEM, FTIR, Raman, surface area, XRD, and EDX were used to characterize the investigated materials. The reuse of such waste materials is considered eco-friendly in nature. After that, the adsorption of MB and CV-species from synthetically prepared wastewater using treated biochar was investigated under various conditions. To demonstrate the study’s effectiveness, it was attempted to achieve optimum effectiveness at an optimum level by working with time, adsorbent dose, dye concentration, NaCl, pH, and temperature. The number of adsorbed dyes reduced as the dye concentrations increased and marginally decreased with NaCl but increased with the adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature of the solution increased. Furthermore, it climbed for around 15 min before reaching equilibrium, indicating that all pores were almost full. Under the optimum condition, the removal perecentages of both MB and CV-dyes were ≥98%. The obtained equilibrium data was represented by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Additionally, the thermodynamic parameters were examined at various temperatures. The results illustrated that the Langmuir isotherm was utilized to explain the experimental adsorption processes with maximum adsorption capacities of MB and CV-dyes were 114.42 and 99.50 mgg$_{−1}$, respectively. The kinetic data were estimated by pseudo-first and pseudo-second-order equations. The best correlation coefficients of the investigated adsorption processes were described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Finally, the data obtained were compared with some works published during the last four years

Molecular insights into human transmembrane protease serine-2 (TMPS2) inhibitors against SARS-CoV2: homology modelling, molecular dynamics, and docking studies

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), which caused novel corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, necessitated a global demand for studies related to genes and enzymes of SARS-CoV2. SARS-CoV2 infection depends on the host cell Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane Serine Protease-2 (TMPRSS2), where the virus uses ACE2 for entry and TMPRSS2 for S protein priming. The TMPRSS2 gene encodes a Transmembrane Protease Serine-2 protein (TMPS2) that belongs to the serine protease family. There is no crystal structure available for TMPS2, therefore, a homology model was required to establish a putative 3D structure for the enzyme. A homology model was constructed using SWISS-MODEL and evaluations were performed through Ramachandran plots, Verify 3D and Protein Statistical Analysis (ProSA). Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate the stability of the constructed model. Docking of TMPS2 inhibitors, camostat, nafamostat, gabexate, and sivelestat, using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software, into the constructed model was performed and the protein-ligand complexes were subjected to MD simulations and computational binding affinity calculations. These in silico studies determined the tertiary structure of TMPS2 amino acid sequence and predicted how ligands bind to the model, which is important for drug development for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

Potential bioactivity of Phoenix dactylifera fruits, leaves, and seeds against prostate and pancreatic cancer cells

The use of functional foods’ phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of different cancer diseases has become one of the hot scientific areas in the clinical nutrition field. For instance, the Khalas palm cultivar (KPC; Phoenix dactylifera) is one of the natural sustainable resources that have high bioactivity and functionality. This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative activity and mode of action of KPC’s different parts on prostate (Pc3) and pancreatic (panc1) cancer cells at a molecular level. In the methods, KPC’s leaves, seeds, and fruits’ chemical composition and phytochemical analysis were analyzed. Also, the cytotoxic effects of each extract were assessed against pc3 and panc1 cell lines. Besides, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle analysis, and gene expression of both Cap3 and Cap9 were studied. The obtained results indicated that KPC leaves extract exhibited the highest significant (P < 0.01) anti-proliferation activity against the utilized cancer cell lines compared to fruits and seeds extracts. Also, there were significant (P < 0.05) differences in the phenolic contents, flavonoid of compounds, and antioxidant power of the leaves when compared to the seeds and fruits. Additionally, the highest cytotoxic effect (lowest IC50) was recorded with leave extract than seeds and fruits. Meanwhile, the seeds extract induced (P < 0.05) the apoptosis and arrested cells in the G2/M phase as well as up-regulated the gene expression of the apoptotic-related genes (Casp3 and Casp9) compared to the control group. In conclusion, this study showed that the presence of bioactive components in the KPC different parts extracts have the significant ability to induce the apoptotic pathway that could down-regulate the proliferation of prostate (pc3) and pancreatic (panc1) cancer cells. The pathway mechanism of action was induced by the phytol molecule presented in its leaves extract

Integrating computational methods guided the discovery of phytochemicals as potential Pin1 inhibitors for cancer: pharmacophore modeling, molecular docking, MM-GBSA calculations and molecular dynamics studies

Pin1 is a pivotal player in interactions with a diverse array of phosphorylated proteins closely linked to critical processes such as carcinogenesis and tumor suppression. Its axial role in cancer initiation and progression, coupled with its overexpression and activation in various cancers render it a potential candidate for the development of targeted therapeutics. While several known Pin1 inhibitors possess favorable enzymatic profiles, their cellular efficacy often falls short. Consequently, the pursuit of novel Pin1 inhibitors has gained considerable attention in the field of medicinal chemistry. In this study, we employed the Phase tool from Schrödinger to construct a structure-based pharmacophore model. Subsequently, 449,008 natural products (NPs) from the SN3 database underwent screening to identify compounds sharing pharmacophoric features with the native ligand. This resulted in 650 compounds, which then underwent molecular docking and binding free energy calculations. Among them, SN0021307, SN0449787 and SN0079231 showed better docking scores with values of −9.891, −7.579 and −7.097 kcal/mol, respectively than the reference compound (−6.064 kcal/mol). Also, SN0021307, SN0449787 and SN0079231 exhibited lower free binding energies (−57.12, −49.81 and −46.05 kcal/mol, respectively) than the reference ligand (−37.75 kcal/mol). Based on these studies, SN0021307, SN0449787, and SN0079231 showed better binding affinity that the reference compound. Further the validation of these findings, molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of the ligand-receptor complex for 100 ns with RMSD ranging from 0.6 to 1.8 Å. Based on these promising results, these three phytochemicals emerge as promising lead compounds warranting comprehensive biological screening in future investigations. These compounds hold great potential for further exploration regarding their efficacy and safety as Pin1 inhibitors, which could usher in new avenues for combating cancer